Group:MUZIC:Synaptopodin - Revision history

Michal Harel at 10:07, 7 July 2013

2013-07-07T10:07:54Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 10:07, 7 July 2013
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	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==

-	Synaptopodin, a protein encoded by the gene [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8N3V7 SYNPO],and represents a novel kind of proline-rich, actin-associated protein that may play a role in modulating actin-based shape and motility of dendritic spines and podocyte foot processes and in muscle cells is exclusively expressed in terminally differentiated skeletal muscle cells, where is colocalized with alpha-actinin and filamin C in the Z-disc. Either the founding member of a novel class of actin-associated proteins and also expressed in the brain, where it is found at the postsynaptic density and the spine apparatus in a subset of telencephalic neurons. In both brain and kidney, in vivo and in vitro, synaptopodin gene expression is differentiation dependent <ref>PMID: 9314539</ref> <ref>PMID:10701442</ref>. Synaptopodin is either a member of the podin family, where we can find [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:Irela_Gretchen_Reza_Mazar/Workbench/Myopodin myopodin], present in avian smooth muscle (Leinweber et al. 1999)<ref> PMID:10555072</ref> heart and skeletal muscle (myopodin, genethonin-2, synaptopodin 2 or fesselin) (Weins et al. 2001)<ref>PMID:11673475 </ref>, and also the third member of the synaptopodin family of proteins, the synaptopodin 2-like protein is found in heart and skeletal muscle tissue and is better known under the names [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Irela_Gretchen_Reza_Mazar/Workbench/Tritopodin tritopodin] (Claeys et al. 2009)<ref>PMID:19151983</ref> or CHAP (Beqqali et al. 2010)<ref>PMID:20215401</ref>.	+	'''Synaptopodin''', a protein encoded by the gene [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8N3V7 SYNPO],and represents a novel kind of proline-rich, actin-associated protein that may play a role in modulating actin-based shape and motility of dendritic spines and podocyte foot processes and in muscle cells is exclusively expressed in terminally differentiated skeletal muscle cells, where is colocalized with alpha-actinin and filamin C in the Z-disc. Either the founding member of a novel class of actin-associated proteins and also expressed in the brain, where it is found at the postsynaptic density and the spine apparatus in a subset of telencephalic neurons. In both brain and kidney, in vivo and in vitro, synaptopodin gene expression is differentiation dependent <ref>PMID: 9314539</ref> <ref>PMID:10701442</ref>. Synaptopodin is either a member of the podin family, where we can find [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:Irela_Gretchen_Reza_Mazar/Workbench/Myopodin myopodin], present in avian smooth muscle (Leinweber et al. 1999)<ref> PMID:10555072</ref> heart and skeletal muscle (myopodin, genethonin-2, synaptopodin 2 or fesselin) (Weins et al. 2001)<ref>PMID:11673475 </ref>, and also the third member of the synaptopodin family of proteins, the synaptopodin 2-like protein is found in heart and skeletal muscle tissue and is better known under the names [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Irela_Gretchen_Reza_Mazar/Workbench/Tritopodin tritopodin] (Claeys et al. 2009)<ref>PMID:19151983</ref> or CHAP (Beqqali et al. 2010)<ref>PMID:20215401</ref>.

	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==

Nikos Pinotsis at 12:02, 2 April 2013

2013-04-02T12:02:00Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:02, 2 April 2013
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		+	===Synaptopodin===
	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Pathology */

2013-02-08T17:52:52Z

Pathology

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:52, 8 February 2013
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	== Pathology ==		== Pathology ==

-	Members of the podin family have been implicated in cancers. Synaptopodin 2 (myopodin) is expressed primarily in nuclei of proliferating myoblast cells. Cytoplasmic Synaptopodin 2 appears within hours of differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes and is found in Z-lines of mature myotubes (Weins et al. 2001)<ref>PMID:11673475 </ref>.	+	Members of the podin family have been implicated in cancers. Synaptopodin 2 (myopodin) is expressed primarily in nuclei of proliferating myoblast cells. Cytoplasmic Synaptopodin 2 appears within hours of differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes and is found in Z-lines of mature myotubes. Like myopodin, synaptopodin associates with actin and appears to display actin-bundling activity, where is frequently absent in invasive prostate cancer and may serve as a prognostic marker for prostate cancers. (Weins et al. 2001)<ref>PMID:11673475 </ref>.
	There is another level of complexity regarding the role of actin bundling proteins in cancer. Metastasis requires cell motility, a property normally associated with plasticity of actin filaments. However, there is ample evidence that bundling of actin filaments is a prerequisite for formation of invadosomes. Elevated levels of some actin bundling proteins are associated with more aggressive cancer phenotypes.(Iguchi et al. 2009)<ref>PMID:19697358 </ref>.		There is another level of complexity regarding the role of actin bundling proteins in cancer. Metastasis requires cell motility, a property normally associated with plasticity of actin filaments. However, there is ample evidence that bundling of actin filaments is a prerequisite for formation of invadosomes. Elevated levels of some actin bundling proteins are associated with more aggressive cancer phenotypes.(Iguchi et al. 2009)<ref>PMID:19697358 </ref>.

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-08T17:39:41Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:39, 8 February 2013
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	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==

-	The protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions.	+	The protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions (Duning et al. 2008)<ref>PMID: 18596123</ref>.

	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]		[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-08T17:35:54Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:35, 8 February 2013
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	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==

-	~~fThe~~ protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions.gh	+	The protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions.

	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]		[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]
-
-	fgh

	== Structure ==		== Structure ==

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-08T17:35:40Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:35, 8 February 2013
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	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==

-	~~fgh~~	+	fThe protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions.gh

	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]		[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-08T17:35:22Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:35, 8 February 2013
Line 4:		Line 4:

	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==
-	The protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions.	+
		+	fgh

	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]		[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]
		+
		+	fgh

	== Structure ==		== Structure ==

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-08T17:34:52Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:34, 8 February 2013
Line 4:		Line 4:

	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==
		+	The protein KIBRA localized in podocytes directly bind to synaptopodin via the WW domains. The long variant of synaptopodin (903 aa) that is expressed in podocytes contains two internal PPxY sites, two PEST sequences, an actin-binding domain, and four α-actinin–binding regions.

	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]		[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-05T16:36:00Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:36, 5 February 2013
Line 5:		Line 5:
	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==

-	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin isoforms]]	+	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin exist in three different isoforms produced by alternative splicing of the N- and C-terminal exons.]]

	== Structure ==		== Structure ==

Eduardo Bezerra: /* Sequence annotation */

2013-02-05T16:34:06Z

Sequence annotation

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:34, 5 February 2013
Line 5:		Line 5:
	== Sequence annotation ==		== Sequence annotation ==

-	[[Image:~~Synaptopodin isoform~~.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin isoforms]]	+	[[Image:Synaptopodin_isoforms.png\|700px\|left\|thumb\|Synaptopodin isoforms]]

	== Structure ==		== Structure ==