Raltegravir - Revision history

Alexander Berchansky at 11:21, 5 July 2023

2023-07-05T11:21:08Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 11:21, 5 July 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	<~~applet~~ load="" size=~~"480" color~~=~~"" frame="true" spin="on" Scene ="Raltegravir/Raltegravir/1" align="~~right" caption="Raltegravir, better known as Isentress, ([[3l2v]])"/>	+	<StructureSection load='' size='340' side='right' caption='Raltegravir, better known as Isentress, ([[3l2v]])' scene='Raltegravir/Raltegravir/1'>
	===Better Known as: Isentress===		===Better Known as: Isentress===
	* Marketed By: Merck & Co.		* Marketed By: Merck & Co.
Line 11:		Line 11:
	===Mechanism of Action===		===Mechanism of Action===
	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation.<ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref><ref>PMID:21030679</ref>		[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation.<ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref><ref>PMID:21030679</ref>
-		+	</StructureSection>
	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===
	<table style="background: cellspacing="0px" align="" cellpadding="0px" width="50%">		<table style="background: cellspacing="0px" align="" cellpadding="0px" width="50%">

David Canner at 09:22, 10 December 2010

2010-12-10T09:22:28Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:22, 10 December 2010
Line 13:		Line 13:

	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===
-	~~{\| class~~="~~wikitable~~" ~~border~~="1" width="55%" style="~~text~~-align:~~center~~"	+	<table style="background: cellspacing="0px" align="" cellpadding="0px" width="50%">
-	\|-	+	<tr>
-	~~! colspan~~="4" ~~align="center"\|~~ Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmacokinetics~~]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.~~</~~ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref~~>	+	<td style="width:auto; vertical-align:top;border-width:0px; border-style:inset">
-	\|-	+	<div style="height:100%; width: 100%">
-	~~! Parameter~~	+	{{:Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor Pharmacokinetics}}
-	~~! [[Raltegravir]]~~	+	</div>
-	~~! [[Elvitegravir]]~~	+	</td>
-	~~! [[MK-2048]]~~	+	</tr>
-	\|-	+	</table>
-	~~! [[Pharmacokinetics#Tmax\|T<sub>max~~</~~sub~~>~~]] (hr)~~	+
-	~~! 1.8~~	+
-	~~! 2-4~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! [[Pharmacokinetics#Cmax\|C<sub>max~~</~~sub~~>~~]] (ng/ml)~~	+
-	~~! 4253~~	+
-	~~! 2070~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! [[Pharmacokinetics#Bioavailability_.28F.29\|Bioavailability]] (%)~~	+
-	~~! 32~~	+
-	~~! ~30~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! [[Pharmacokinetics#Protein_Binding\|Protein Binding]] (%)~~	+
-	~~! 83~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! [[Pharmacokinetics#Half_Life_.28T1.2F2.29\|T~~<~~sub>1~~/~~2</sub~~>~~]] (hr)~~	+
-	~~! 10.8~~	+
-	~~! 7.6~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! [[Pharmacokinetics#Area_Under_the_Curve_.28AUC.29\|AUC]] (ng/ml/hr)~~	+
-	~~! 10168~~	+
-	~~! 21200~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! Dosage (mg)~~	+
-	~~! 400~~	+
-	~~! 150~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|-	+
-	~~! Metabolism~~	+
-	~~! Hepatic - (UGT1A1)~~	+
-	~~! Hepatic - (CYP3A4)~~	+
-	~~! N/A~~	+
-	\|}	+

	===References===		===References===

David Canner at 09:20, 10 December 2010

2010-12-10T09:20:10Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:20, 10 December 2010
Line 62:		Line 62:
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|}		\|}
		+
	===References===		===References===
	<references/>		<references/>
	__NOEDITSECTION__		__NOEDITSECTION__
	__NOTOC__		__NOTOC__

David Canner at 11:31, 9 December 2010

2010-12-09T11:31:53Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 11:31, 9 December 2010
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	* 2009 Sales: ~$1.1 Billion		* 2009 Sales: ~$1.1 Billion
	* Importance: It was the first drug of the Integrase Inhibitor class to be approved by the FDA. It offers a powerful new tool to be utilized in combination therapies against [[HIV]] infections.<ref>PMID:18650512</ref>		* Importance: It was the first drug of the Integrase Inhibitor class to be approved by the FDA. It offers a powerful new tool to be utilized in combination therapies against [[HIV]] infections.<ref>PMID:18650512</ref>
-	* ~~The following is a list of Pharmacokinetic Parameters.~~ See: [[Pharmaceutical Drugs]] for more information	+	* See [[Pharmaceutical Drugs]] for more information about other drugs and disorders.

	===Mechanism of Action===		===Mechanism of Action===
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	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="55%" style="text-align:center"		{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="55%" style="text-align:center"
	\|-		\|-
-	! colspan="4" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|~~Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>	+	! colspan="4" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	! Parameter		! Parameter
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	! [[MK-2048]]		! [[MK-2048]]
	\|-		\|-
-	! [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Tmax\|T<sub>max</sub>]] (hr)	+	! [[Pharmacokinetics#Tmax\|T<sub>max</sub>]] (hr)
	! 1.8		! 1.8
	! 2-4		! 2-4
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|-		\|-
-	! [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Cmax\|C<sub>max</sub>]] (ng/ml)	+	! [[Pharmacokinetics#Cmax\|C<sub>max</sub>]] (ng/ml)
	! 4253		! 4253
	! 2070		! 2070
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|-		\|-
-	! [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Bioavailability_.28F.29\|Bioavailability]] (%)	+	! [[Pharmacokinetics#Bioavailability_.28F.29\|Bioavailability]] (%)
	! 32		! 32
	! ~30		! ~30
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|-		\|-
-	! [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Protein_Binding\|Protein Binding]] (%)	+	! [[Pharmacokinetics#Protein_Binding\|Protein Binding]] (%)
	! 83		! 83
	! N/A		! N/A
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|-		\|-
-	! [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Half_Life_.28T1.2F2.29\|T<sub>1/2</sub>]] (hr)	+	! [[Pharmacokinetics#Half_Life_.28T1.2F2.29\|T<sub>1/2</sub>]] (hr)
	! 10.8		! 10.8
	! 7.6		! 7.6
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|-		\|-
-	! [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Area_Under_the_Curve_.28AUC.29\|AUC]] (ng/ml/hr)	+	! [[Pharmacokinetics#Area_Under_the_Curve_.28AUC.29\|AUC]] (ng/ml/hr)
	! 10168		! 10168
	! 21200		! 21200

David Canner at 11:31, 9 December 2010

2010-12-09T11:31:22Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 11:31, 9 December 2010
Line 13:		Line 13:

	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===
-	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="60%" style="text-align:center"	+	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="55%" style="text-align:center"
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="4" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>		! colspan="4" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>

David Canner at 10:05, 8 December 2010

2010-12-08T10:05:10Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 10:05, 8 December 2010
Line 10:		Line 10:

	===Mechanism of Action===		===Mechanism of Action===
-	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation.<ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref>	+	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation.<ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref><ref>PMID:21030679</ref>

	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===

David Canner at 08:58, 8 December 2010

2010-12-08T08:58:28Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:58, 8 December 2010
Line 13:		Line 13:

	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===
-	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="45%" style="text-align:center"	+	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="60%" style="text-align:center"
	\|-		\|-
-	! colspan="12" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>	+	! colspan="4" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	! Parameter		! Parameter
	! [[Raltegravir]]		! [[Raltegravir]]
	! [[Elvitegravir]]		! [[Elvitegravir]]
		+	! [[MK-2048]]
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Tmax\|T<sub>max</sub>]] (hr)		! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Tmax\|T<sub>max</sub>]] (hr)
	! 1.8		! 1.8
	! 2-4		! 2-4
		+	! N/A
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Cmax\|C<sub>max</sub>]] (ng/ml)		! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Cmax\|C<sub>max</sub>]] (ng/ml)
	! 4253		! 4253
	! 2070		! 2070
		+	! N/A
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Bioavailability_.28F.29\|Bioavailability]] (%)		! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Bioavailability_.28F.29\|Bioavailability]] (%)
	! 32		! 32
	! ~30		! ~30
		+	! N/A
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Protein_Binding\|Protein Binding]] (%)		! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Protein_Binding\|Protein Binding]] (%)
	! 83		! 83
		+	! N/A
	! N/A		! N/A
	\|-		\|-
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	! 10.8		! 10.8
	! 7.6		! 7.6
		+	! N/A
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Area_Under_the_Curve_.28AUC.29\|AUC]] (ng/ml/hr)		! [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Area_Under_the_Curve_.28AUC.29\|AUC]] (ng/ml/hr)
	! 10168		! 10168
	! 21200		! 21200
		+	! N/A
	\|-		\|-
	! Dosage (mg)		! Dosage (mg)
	! 400		! 400
	! 150		! 150
		+	! N/A
	\|-		\|-
	! Metabolism		! Metabolism
	! Hepatic - (UGT1A1)		! Hepatic - (UGT1A1)
	! Hepatic - (CYP3A4)		! Hepatic - (CYP3A4)
		+	! N/A
	\|}		\|}
-
	===References===		===References===
	<references/>		<references/>
	__NOEDITSECTION__		__NOEDITSECTION__
	__NOTOC__		__NOTOC__

David Canner at 18:33, 7 December 2010

2010-12-07T18:33:33Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:33, 7 December 2010
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	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="45%" style="text-align:center"		{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="45%" style="text-align:center"
	\|-		\|-
-	! colspan="12" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|Pharmacokinetics]] <ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>	+	! colspan="12" align="center"\| Retroviral Integrase Inhibitor [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Pharmacokinetics_Translated\|Pharmacokinetics]]<ref>A Gaur, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Once-Daily Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Adolescents. 17th Conference on Retroviruses. Poster Number: 874.</ref><ref>doi: 10.1128/AAC.01543-07</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	! Parameter		! Parameter

David Canner at 18:33, 7 December 2010

2010-12-07T18:33:13Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:33, 7 December 2010
Line 10:		Line 10:

	===Mechanism of Action===		===Mechanism of Action===
-	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation. <ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref>	+	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation.<ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref>

	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===

David Canner at 18:33, 7 December 2010

2010-12-07T18:33:02Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:33, 7 December 2010
Line 10:		Line 10:

	===Mechanism of Action===		===Mechanism of Action===
-	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation.	+	[[Retroviral Integrase]] is produced by the HIV retrovirus, enabling [[HIV]] to integrate its genetic material into the [[DNA]] of the infected cell. This integration step effectively transforms the infected cell into a permanent carrier of the viral genome, allowing the virus to persist and proliferate extensively.<ref>PMID:17107277</ref> HIV retroviral integrase forms "intasomes" when it <scene name='Raltegravir/Integrase/1'>complexes with viral DNA</scene>. The integrase domains interact extensively with the viral DNA, <scene name='Raltegravir/Tight_binding/3'>binding the nucleotide chains</scene> precisely within an active site, in close proximity to the predicted target DNA into which the viral DNA will be inserted. Raltegravir binds with great specificity to the HIV integrase active site. It orients itself in such a way as to displace the reactive viral DNA end from the active site almost completely. <scene name='Raltegravir/Raltebound/3'>Raltegravir binds</scene> to residues Asp 128, Asp 185, & Glu 221 via hydrogen bonds, has extensive π-stacking interactions with residues Tyr 212, Pro 214 and the final two nucleotide rings on one viral DNA strand. This disruption prevents the viral DNA from interacting with the target DNA, preventing integration and HIV proliferation. <ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref>

-	<ref>doi: 10.1038/nature08784</ref>
	===Pharmacokinetics===		===Pharmacokinetics===
	{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="45%" style="text-align:center"		{\| class="wikitable" border="1" width="45%" style="text-align:center"