Sandbox Reserved 1273 - Revision history

http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273 Sandbox Reserved 1273 - Revision history 2026-04-10T07:28:43Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.11.2 http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715391&oldid=prev Student at 21:50, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:50:01Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:50, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 13:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 13:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is present as the initiator tRNA in bacteria, <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </del>not in eukaryotes or archaeans. Currently, the origin of tRNA fMet remains a mystery among scientists and geneticists. However, because of its presence in only one of the domains of life, there are two possible scenarios for the molecule's origin. It can either be inferred that tRNA fMet originated in bacteria after archaeans diverged from bacteria, or that it originated in the common ancestor of bacteria and archaeans, and then was lost in archaeans after they diverged. tRNA Pro, tRNA Glu, and tRNA Thr all appear to be possible ancestors of the tRNA fMet molecule that is currently used as bacterial initiator tRNA. The reason for switching from these tRNAs to tRNA Met is unclear. Nonetheless, initiator tRNAs themselves are highly conserved across all domains of life, as they are crucial to protein synthesis.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is present as the initiator tRNA in bacteria, <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">but </ins>not in eukaryotes or archaeans. Currently, the origin of tRNA fMet remains a mystery among scientists and geneticists. However, because of its presence in only one of the domains of life, there are two possible scenarios for the molecule's origin. It can either be inferred that tRNA fMet originated in bacteria after archaeans diverged from bacteria, or that it originated in the common ancestor of bacteria and archaeans, and then was lost in archaeans after they diverged. tRNA Pro, tRNA Glu, and tRNA Thr all appear to be possible ancestors of the tRNA fMet molecule that is currently used as bacterial initiator tRNA. The reason for switching from these tRNAs to tRNA Met is unclear. Nonetheless, initiator tRNAs themselves are highly conserved across all domains of life, as they are crucial to protein synthesis.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715390&oldid=prev Student at 21:49, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:49:15Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:49, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 9:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 9:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA fMet is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA fMet is critical to its function because of how it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. At this point, the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA fMet is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA fMet is critical to its function because of how it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">molecule </ins>through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. At this point, the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715389&oldid=prev Student at 21:47, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:47:53Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:47, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 9:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 9:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fmet </del>is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA fMet is critical to its function because of how it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. At this point, the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fMet </ins>is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA fMet is critical to its function because of how it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. At this point, the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715388&oldid=prev Student: /* Function and Interaction with Amino Acid */ 2017-02-08T21:46:57Z

<p><span class="autocomment">Function and Interaction with Amino Acid</span></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:46, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 5:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 5:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function and Interaction with Amino Acid==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function and Interaction with Amino Acid==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is the tRNA used for the initiation of protein synthesis in bacteria. Called an, "initiator tRNA," it is the fist tRNA molecule that enters a bacterial ribosome, specifically at the P site. This is in contrast to all other bacterial tRNAs which enter the A site. The amino acid attached to tRNA fMet is N-formylmethionine, which is the first amino acid assembled into the polypeptide chain during bacterial translation. N-formylmethionine attaches to tRNA fMet on its <scene name='TRNA/Acceptor_cartoon/1'>acceptor stem</scene>. This acceptor stem is a CCA sequence on the 3' end of the tRNA. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is the tRNA used for the initiation of protein synthesis in bacteria. Called an, "initiator tRNA," it is the fist tRNA molecule that enters a bacterial ribosome, specifically at the P site. This is in contrast to all other bacterial tRNAs which enter the A site. The amino acid attached to tRNA fMet is N-formylmethionine, which is the first amino acid assembled into the polypeptide chain during bacterial translation. N-formylmethionine attaches to tRNA fMet on its <scene name='TRNA/Acceptor_cartoon/1'>acceptor stem</scene>. This acceptor stem is a CCA sequence on the 3' end of the tRNA.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715387&oldid=prev Student at 21:46, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:46:44Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:46, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==</del>= tRNA fMet <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==</del>=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= tRNA fMet =</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><Structure load='3cw6' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='This is the three-dimensional structure of the tRNA fMet molecule' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><Structure load='3cw6' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='This is the three-dimensional structure of the tRNA fMet molecule' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function and Interaction with Amino Acid==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function and Interaction with Amino Acid==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715386&oldid=prev Student at 21:46, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:46:24Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:46, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== tRNA fMet ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=</ins>== tRNA fMet <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=</ins>==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><Structure load='3cw6' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='This is the three-dimensional structure of the tRNA fMet molecule' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><Structure load='3cw6' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='This is the three-dimensional structure of the tRNA fMet molecule' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /></div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715385&oldid=prev Student at 21:46, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:46:01Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:46, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 4:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 4:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and Interaction with Amino Acid</ins>==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is the tRNA used for the initiation of protein synthesis. Called an, "initiator <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">protein</del>," <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It </del>is the fist tRNA molecule that enters <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the </del>ribosome, specifically at the P site. This is in contrast to all other tRNAs which enter the A site. The amino acid attached to tRNA fMet is N-formylmethionine, which is the first amino acid assembled into the polypeptide chain during bacterial translation. N-formylmethionine attaches to tRNA fMet on its <scene name='TRNA/Acceptor_cartoon/1'>acceptor stem</scene>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is the tRNA used for the initiation of protein synthesis <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in bacteria</ins>. Called an, "initiator <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tRNA</ins>," <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">it </ins>is the fist tRNA molecule that enters <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a bacterial </ins>ribosome, specifically at the P site. This is in contrast to all other <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bacterial </ins>tRNAs which enter the A site. The amino acid attached to tRNA fMet is N-formylmethionine, which is the first amino acid assembled into the polypeptide chain during bacterial translation. N-formylmethionine attaches to tRNA fMet on its <scene name='TRNA/Acceptor_cartoon/1'>acceptor stem</scene><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. This acceptor stem is a CCA sequence on the 3' end of the tRNA</ins>. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome / mRNA Interaction==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA fmet is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA fMet is critical to its function <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as </del>it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA<del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. At this point, the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA fmet is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA fMet is critical to its function <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">because of how </ins>it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. At this point, the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is present as the initiator tRNA <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">only </del>in bacteria, and not in eukaryotes or archaeans. Currently, the origin of tRNA fMet remains a mystery among scientists and geneticists. However, because of its presence in only one of the domains of life, there are two possible scenarios for the molecule's origin. It can be inferred that tRNA fMet originated in bacteria after archaeans diverged from bacteria, or that it <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was present </del>in the common ancestor of bacteria and archaeans, and then <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">archaeans </del>lost <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the characteristic</del>. tRNA Pro, tRNA Glu, and tRNA Thr all appear to be possible ancestors of the tRNA fMet molecule that is currently used as bacterial initiator tRNA. The reason for switching from these tRNAs to tRNA Met is unclear. Nonetheless, initiator tRNAs themselves are highly conserved across all domains of life, as they are crucial to protein synthesis.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is present as the initiator tRNA in bacteria, and not in eukaryotes or archaeans. Currently, the origin of tRNA fMet remains a mystery among scientists and geneticists. However, because of its presence in only one of the domains of life, there are two possible scenarios for the molecule's origin. It can <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">either </ins>be inferred that tRNA fMet originated in bacteria after archaeans diverged from bacteria, or that it <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">originated </ins>in the common ancestor of bacteria and archaeans, and then <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was </ins>lost <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in archaeans after they diverged</ins>. tRNA Pro, tRNA Glu, and tRNA Thr all appear to be possible ancestors of the tRNA fMet molecule that is currently used as bacterial initiator tRNA. The reason for switching from these tRNAs to tRNA Met is unclear. Nonetheless, initiator tRNAs themselves are highly conserved across all domains of life, as they are crucial to protein synthesis.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715356&oldid=prev Student at 21:25, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:25:59Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:25, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 4:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 4:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and Interaction with mRNA</del>==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Function==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is the tRNA used for the initiation of protein synthesis. Called an, "initiator protein," It is the fist tRNA molecule that enters the ribosome, specifically at the P site. This is in contrast to all other tRNAs which enter the A site. The amino acid attached to tRNA fMet is N-formylmethionine, which is the first amino acid assembled into the polypeptide chain during bacterial translation. N-formylmethionine attaches to tRNA fMet on its <scene name='TRNA/Acceptor_cartoon/1'>acceptor stem</scene>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is the tRNA used for the initiation of protein synthesis. Called an, "initiator protein," It is the fist tRNA molecule that enters the ribosome, specifically at the P site. This is in contrast to all other tRNAs which enter the A site. The amino acid attached to tRNA fMet is N-formylmethionine, which is the first amino acid assembled into the polypeptide chain during bacterial translation. N-formylmethionine attaches to tRNA fMet on its <scene name='TRNA/Acceptor_cartoon/1'>acceptor stem</scene>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome Interaction==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==tRNA fMet and Ribosome <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ mRNA </ins>Interaction==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA fmet is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fmet </del>is critical to its function as it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA, through base pairing<del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, which has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome</del>. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Then</del>, <del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as </del>the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Like all tRNA molecules, tRNA fmet is composed of <scene name='TRNA/Fullview_cartoon/1'>four helical stems</scene>. Of these four stems, the <scene name='TRNA/Anticodon_cartoon/2'>anticodon</scene> loop of the tRNA <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fMet </ins>is critical to its function as it attaches to the "AUG" initiation codon on the mRNA, through base pairing. This binding to the initiation codon requires initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and forms a complex with GTP. This complex is collectively referred to as the 30S initiation complex and is located within the cytoplasm of the cell. <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">At this point</ins>, <ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the mRNA molecule has already been bound to the small subunit of the ribosome. As </ins>the ribosome translocates down the mRNA strand, additional tRNA molecules enter the ribosome with amino acids that bond with the N-formylmethionine previously attached to tRNA fMet. In this way, tRNA fMet is one of the molecules that begins the process of converting a genetic code to a protein.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Origination of tRNA fMet==</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715345&oldid=prev Student at 21:21, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:21:44Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:21, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 17:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 17:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Pierce, Benjamin A. Genetics: a conceptual approach. New York: Freeman, 2012. Print.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Bhattacharyya, Souvik. "Evolution of Initiator TRNAs and Selection of Methionine as the Initiating Amino Acid." Tandfonline. RNA Biology, 20 June 2016. Web. 08 Feb. 2017.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Bhattacharyya, Souvik. "Evolution of Initiator TRNAs and Selection of Methionine as the Initiating Amino Acid." Tandfonline. RNA Biology, 20 June 2016. Web. 08 Feb. 2017.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>"TRNA." TRNA - Proteopedia, Life in 3D. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Feb. 2017.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>"TRNA." TRNA - Proteopedia, Life in 3D. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Feb. 2017.</div></td></tr> </table>

Student http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php?title=Sandbox_Reserved_1273&diff=2715344&oldid=prev Student at 21:21, 8 February 2017 2017-02-08T21:21:19Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: white; color:black;"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←Older revision</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 21:21, 8 February 2017</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 15:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 15:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is present as the initiator tRNA only in bacteria, and not in eukaryotes or archaeans. Currently, the origin of tRNA fMet remains a mystery among scientists and geneticists. However, because of its presence in only one of the domains of life, there are two possible scenarios for the molecule's origin. It can be inferred that tRNA fMet originated in bacteria after archaeans diverged from bacteria, or that it was present in the common ancestor of bacteria and archaeans, and then archaeans lost the characteristic. tRNA Pro, tRNA Glu, and tRNA Thr all appear to be possible ancestors of the tRNA fMet molecule that is currently used as bacterial initiator tRNA. The reason for switching from these tRNAs to tRNA Met is unclear. Nonetheless, initiator tRNAs themselves are highly conserved across all domains of life, as they are crucial to protein synthesis.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>tRNA fMet is present as the initiator tRNA only in bacteria, and not in eukaryotes or archaeans. Currently, the origin of tRNA fMet remains a mystery among scientists and geneticists. However, because of its presence in only one of the domains of life, there are two possible scenarios for the molecule's origin. It can be inferred that tRNA fMet originated in bacteria after archaeans diverged from bacteria, or that it was present in the common ancestor of bacteria and archaeans, and then archaeans lost the characteristic. tRNA Pro, tRNA Glu, and tRNA Thr all appear to be possible ancestors of the tRNA fMet molecule that is currently used as bacterial initiator tRNA. The reason for switching from these tRNAs to tRNA Met is unclear. Nonetheless, initiator tRNAs themselves are highly conserved across all domains of life, as they are crucial to protein synthesis.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Bhattacharyya, Souvik. "Evolution of Initiator TRNAs and Selection of Methionine as the Initiating Amino Acid." Tandfonline. RNA Biology, 20 June 2016. Web. 08 Feb. 2017.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>"TRNA." TRNA - Proteopedia, Life in 3D. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Feb. 2017.</div></td></tr> </table>

Student