1hxb - Revision history

OCA at 07:31, 7 February 2024

OCA — Wed, 07 Feb 2024 07:31:02 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 07:31, 7 February 2024
Line 3:		Line 3:
	<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>		<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [~~http~~://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/~~Hiv-1 Hiv-~~1]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [~~http~~://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [~~http~~://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [~~http~~://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>	+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(CLONE_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (CLONE 12)]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [https://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [https://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>
-	</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene~~></td></tr>~~	+	</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models\|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution\|Resolution]] 2.3Å</td></tr>
-	~~<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 HIV-1])</td></tr>~~	+	<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene></td></tr>
-	<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hxb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
-	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[~~http~~://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [~~http~~://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [~~http~~://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [~~http~~://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum], [~~http~~://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hxb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>	+
	</table>		</table>
	== Function ==		== Function ==
-	[~~[http~~://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/POL_HV1H2 POL_HV1H2]] Gag-Pol polyprotein and Gag polyprotein may regulate their own translation, by the binding genomic RNA in the 5'-UTR. At low concentration, Gag-Pol and Gag would promote translation, whereas at high concentration, the polyproteins encapsidate genomic RNA and then shutt off translation.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Matrix protein p17 has two main functions: in infected cell, it targets Gag and Gag-pol polyproteins to the plasma membrane via a multipartite membrane-binding signal, that includes its myristoylated N-terminus. The second function is to play a role in nuclear localization of the viral genome at the very start of cell infection. Matrix protein is the part of the pre-integration complex. It binds in the cytoplasm the human BAF protein which prevent autointegration of the viral genome, and might be included in virions at the ration of zero to 3 BAF dimer per virion. The myristoylation signal and the NLS thus exert conflicting influences its subcellular localization. The key regulation of these motifs might be phosphorylation of a portion of MA molecules on the C-terminal tyrosine at the time of virus maturation, by virion-associated cellular tyrosine kinase. Implicated in the release from host cell mediated by Vpu.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Capsid protein p24 forms the conical core that encapsulates the genomic RNA-nucleocapsid complex in the virion. Most core are conical, with only 7% tubular. The core is constituted by capsid protein hexamer subunits. The core is disassembled soon after virion entry. Interaction with human PPIA/CYPA protects the virus from restriction by human TRIM5-alpha and from an unknown antiviral activity in human cells. This capsid restriction by TRIM5 is one of the factors which restricts HIV-1 to the human species.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Nucleocapsid protein p7 encapsulates and protects viral dimeric unspliced (genomic) RNA. Binds these RNAs through its zinc fingers. Facilitates rearangement of nucleic acid secondary structure during retrotranscription of genomic RNA. This capability is referred to as nucleic acid chaperone activity.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> The aspartyl protease mediates proteolytic cleavages of Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during or shortly after the release of the virion from the plasma membrane. Cleavages take place as an ordered, step-wise cascade to yield mature proteins. This process is called maturation. Displays maximal activity during the budding process just prior to particle release from the cell. Also cleaves Nef and Vif, probably concomitantly with viral structural proteins on maturation of virus particles (By similarity).<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H (RT) is a multifunctional enzyme that converts the viral RNA genome into dsDNA in the cytoplasm, shortly after virus entry into the cell. This enzyme displays a DNA polymerase activity that can copy either DNA or RNA templates, and a ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that cleaves the RNA strand of RNA-DNA heteroduplexes in a partially processive 3' to 5' endonucleasic mode. Conversion of viral genomic RNA into dsDNA requires many steps. A tRNA(3)-Lys binds to the primer-binding site (PBS) situated at the 5'-end of the viral RNA. RT uses the 3' end of the tRNA primer to perform a short round of RNA-dependent minus-strand DNA synthesis. The reading proceeds through the U5 region and ends after the repeated (R) region which is present at both ends of viral RNA. The portion of the RNA-DNA heteroduplex is digested by the RNase H, resulting in a ssDNA product attached to the tRNA primer. This ssDNA/tRNA hybridizes with the identical R region situated at the 3' end of viral RNA. This template exchange, known as minus-strand DNA strong stop transfer, can be either intra- or intermolecular. RT uses the 3' end of this newly synthesized short ssDNA to perform the RNA-dependent minus-strand DNA synthesis of the whole template. RNase H digests the RNA template except for two polypurine tracts (PPTs) situated at the 5'-end and near the center of the genome. It is not clear if both polymerase and RNase H activities are simultaneous. RNase H probably can proceed both in a polymerase-dependent (RNA cut into small fragments by the same RT performing DNA synthesis) and a polymerase-independent mode (cleavage of remaining RNA fragments by free RTs). Secondly, RT performs DNA-directed plus-strand DNA synthesis using the PPTs that have not been removed by RNase H as primers. PPTs and tRNA primers are then removed by RNase H. The 3' and 5' ssDNA PBS regions hybridize to form a circular dsDNA intermediate. Strand displacement synthesis by RT to the PBS and PPT ends produces a blunt ended, linear dsDNA copy of the viral genome that includes long terminal repeats (LTRs) at both ends.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Integrase catalyzes viral DNA integration into the host chromosome, by performing a series of DNA cutting and joining reactions. This enzyme activity takes place after virion entry into a cell and reverse transcription of the RNA genome in dsDNA. The first step in the integration process is 3' processing. This step requires a complex comprising the viral genome, matrix protein, Vpr and integrase. This complex is called the pre-integration complex (PIC). The integrase protein removes 2 nucleotides from each 3' end of the viral DNA, leaving recessed CA OH's at the 3' ends. In the second step, the PIC enters cell nucleus. This process is mediated through integrase and Vpr proteins, and allows the virus to infect a non dividing cell. This ability to enter the nucleus is specific of lentiviruses, other retroviruses cannot and rely on cell division to access cell chromosomes. In the third step, termed strand transfer, the integrase protein joins the previously processed 3' ends to the 5' ends of strands of target cellular DNA at the site of integration. The 5'-ends are produced by integrase-catalyzed staggered cuts, 5 bp apart. A Y-shaped, gapped, recombination intermediate results, with the 5'-ends of the viral DNA strands and the 3' ends of target DNA strands remaining unjoined, flanking a gap of 5 bp. The last step is viral DNA integration into host chromosome. This involves host DNA repair synthesis in which the 5 bp gaps between the unjoined strands are filled in and then ligated. Since this process occurs at both cuts flanking the HIV genome, a 5 bp duplication of host DNA is produced at the ends of HIV-1 integration. Alternatively, Integrase may catalyze the excision of viral DNA just after strand transfer, this is termed disintegration.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref>	+	[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/POL_HV1H2 POL_HV1H2] Gag-Pol polyprotein and Gag polyprotein may regulate their own translation, by the binding genomic RNA in the 5'-UTR. At low concentration, Gag-Pol and Gag would promote translation, whereas at high concentration, the polyproteins encapsidate genomic RNA and then shutt off translation.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Matrix protein p17 has two main functions: in infected cell, it targets Gag and Gag-pol polyproteins to the plasma membrane via a multipartite membrane-binding signal, that includes its myristoylated N-terminus. The second function is to play a role in nuclear localization of the viral genome at the very start of cell infection. Matrix protein is the part of the pre-integration complex. It binds in the cytoplasm the human BAF protein which prevent autointegration of the viral genome, and might be included in virions at the ration of zero to 3 BAF dimer per virion. The myristoylation signal and the NLS thus exert conflicting influences its subcellular localization. The key regulation of these motifs might be phosphorylation of a portion of MA molecules on the C-terminal tyrosine at the time of virus maturation, by virion-associated cellular tyrosine kinase. Implicated in the release from host cell mediated by Vpu.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Capsid protein p24 forms the conical core that encapsulates the genomic RNA-nucleocapsid complex in the virion. Most core are conical, with only 7% tubular. The core is constituted by capsid protein hexamer subunits. The core is disassembled soon after virion entry. Interaction with human PPIA/CYPA protects the virus from restriction by human TRIM5-alpha and from an unknown antiviral activity in human cells. This capsid restriction by TRIM5 is one of the factors which restricts HIV-1 to the human species.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Nucleocapsid protein p7 encapsulates and protects viral dimeric unspliced (genomic) RNA. Binds these RNAs through its zinc fingers. Facilitates rearangement of nucleic acid secondary structure during retrotranscription of genomic RNA. This capability is referred to as nucleic acid chaperone activity.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> The aspartyl protease mediates proteolytic cleavages of Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during or shortly after the release of the virion from the plasma membrane. Cleavages take place as an ordered, step-wise cascade to yield mature proteins. This process is called maturation. Displays maximal activity during the budding process just prior to particle release from the cell. Also cleaves Nef and Vif, probably concomitantly with viral structural proteins on maturation of virus particles (By similarity).<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H (RT) is a multifunctional enzyme that converts the viral RNA genome into dsDNA in the cytoplasm, shortly after virus entry into the cell. This enzyme displays a DNA polymerase activity that can copy either DNA or RNA templates, and a ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that cleaves the RNA strand of RNA-DNA heteroduplexes in a partially processive 3' to 5' endonucleasic mode. Conversion of viral genomic RNA into dsDNA requires many steps. A tRNA(3)-Lys binds to the primer-binding site (PBS) situated at the 5'-end of the viral RNA. RT uses the 3' end of the tRNA primer to perform a short round of RNA-dependent minus-strand DNA synthesis. The reading proceeds through the U5 region and ends after the repeated (R) region which is present at both ends of viral RNA. The portion of the RNA-DNA heteroduplex is digested by the RNase H, resulting in a ssDNA product attached to the tRNA primer. This ssDNA/tRNA hybridizes with the identical R region situated at the 3' end of viral RNA. This template exchange, known as minus-strand DNA strong stop transfer, can be either intra- or intermolecular. RT uses the 3' end of this newly synthesized short ssDNA to perform the RNA-dependent minus-strand DNA synthesis of the whole template. RNase H digests the RNA template except for two polypurine tracts (PPTs) situated at the 5'-end and near the center of the genome. It is not clear if both polymerase and RNase H activities are simultaneous. RNase H probably can proceed both in a polymerase-dependent (RNA cut into small fragments by the same RT performing DNA synthesis) and a polymerase-independent mode (cleavage of remaining RNA fragments by free RTs). Secondly, RT performs DNA-directed plus-strand DNA synthesis using the PPTs that have not been removed by RNase H as primers. PPTs and tRNA primers are then removed by RNase H. The 3' and 5' ssDNA PBS regions hybridize to form a circular dsDNA intermediate. Strand displacement synthesis by RT to the PBS and PPT ends produces a blunt ended, linear dsDNA copy of the viral genome that includes long terminal repeats (LTRs) at both ends.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Integrase catalyzes viral DNA integration into the host chromosome, by performing a series of DNA cutting and joining reactions. This enzyme activity takes place after virion entry into a cell and reverse transcription of the RNA genome in dsDNA. The first step in the integration process is 3' processing. This step requires a complex comprising the viral genome, matrix protein, Vpr and integrase. This complex is called the pre-integration complex (PIC). The integrase protein removes 2 nucleotides from each 3' end of the viral DNA, leaving recessed CA OH's at the 3' ends. In the second step, the PIC enters cell nucleus. This process is mediated through integrase and Vpr proteins, and allows the virus to infect a non dividing cell. This ability to enter the nucleus is specific of lentiviruses, other retroviruses cannot and rely on cell division to access cell chromosomes. In the third step, termed strand transfer, the integrase protein joins the previously processed 3' ends to the 5' ends of strands of target cellular DNA at the site of integration. The 5'-ends are produced by integrase-catalyzed staggered cuts, 5 bp apart. A Y-shaped, gapped, recombination intermediate results, with the 5'-ends of the viral DNA strands and the 3' ends of target DNA strands remaining unjoined, flanking a gap of 5 bp. The last step is viral DNA integration into host chromosome. This involves host DNA repair synthesis in which the 5 bp gaps between the unjoined strands are filled in and then ligated. Since this process occurs at both cuts flanking the HIV genome, a 5 bp duplication of host DNA is produced at the ends of HIV-1 integration. Alternatively, Integrase may catalyze the excision of viral DNA just after strand transfer, this is termed disintegration.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref>
	== Evolutionary Conservation ==		== Evolutionary Conservation ==
	[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif\|200px\|right]]		[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif\|200px\|right]]
Line 30:		Line 29:
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]		[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]
-	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]
-	[[Category: Hiv-1]]
	[[Category: Large Structures]]		[[Category: Large Structures]]
	[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]		[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
-	[[Category: Crowther~~, R L~~]]	+	[[Category: Crowther RL]]
-	[[Category: Graves~~, B J~~]]	+	[[Category: Graves BJ]]
-	[[Category: Hatada~~, M H]]~~	+	[[Category: Hatada MH]]
-	~~[[Category: Aspartyl protease]]~~	+
-	~~[[Category: Hydrolase-hydrolase inhibitor complex~~]]	+

OCA at 10:34, 18 November 2020

OCA — Wed, 18 Nov 2020 10:34:16 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 10:34, 18 November 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:

	==HIV-1 proteinase complexed with RO 31-8959==		==HIV-1 proteinase complexed with RO 31-8959==
-	<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>	+	<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiv-1 Hiv-1]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://~~oca~~.~~weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs~~/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>	+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiv-1 Hiv-1]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>
-	</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene></td></tr>	+	</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene></td></tr>
	<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 HIV-1])</td></tr>		<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 HIV-1])</td></tr>
	<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>		<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>
-	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://~~oca~~.~~weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs~~/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hxb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hxb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
	</table>		</table>
	== Function ==		== Function ==
Line 21:		Line 21:
	</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hxb ConSurf].		</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hxb ConSurf].
	<div style="clear:both"></div>		<div style="clear:both"></div>
		+
		+	==See Also==
		+	*[[Immunodeficiency virus protease 3D structures\|Immunodeficiency virus protease 3D structures]]
		+	*[[Integrase\|Integrase]]
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>
Line 28:		Line 32:
	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]		[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]
	[[Category: Hiv-1]]		[[Category: Hiv-1]]
		+	[[Category: Large Structures]]
	[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]		[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
	[[Category: Crowther, R L]]		[[Category: Crowther, R L]]

OCA at 09:35, 10 January 2018

OCA — Wed, 10 Jan 2018 09:35:34 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:35, 10 January 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+
	==HIV-1 proteinase complexed with RO 31-8959==		==HIV-1 proteinase complexed with RO 31-8959==
	<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>		<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>
Line 6:		Line 7:
	<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 HIV-1])</td></tr>		<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 HIV-1])</td></tr>
	<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>		<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>
-	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum]</span></td></tr>	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hxb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
	</table>		</table>
	== Function ==		== Function ==
Line 14:		Line 15:
	Check<jmol>		Check<jmol>
	<jmolCheckbox>		<jmolCheckbox>
-	<scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hx/1hxb_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>	+	<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hx/1hxb_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
	<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>		<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
	<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>		<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
Line 20:		Line 21:
	</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hxb ConSurf].		</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hxb ConSurf].
	<div style="clear:both"></div>		<div style="clear:both"></div>
-
-	==See Also==
-	*[[Integrase\|Integrase]]
-	*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>

OCA at 21:22, 9 February 2016

OCA — Tue, 09 Feb 2016 21:22:22 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 21:22, 9 February 2016
Line 18:		Line 18:
	<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>		<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
	</jmolCheckbox>		</jmolCheckbox>
-	</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/~~chain_selection~~.php?pdb_ID=~~2ata~~ ConSurf].	+	</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hxb ConSurf].
	<div style="clear:both"></div>		<div style="clear:both"></div>

	==See Also==		==See Also==
		+	*[[Integrase\|Integrase]]
	*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]		*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]
	== References ==		== References ==

OCA at 02:09, 11 September 2015

OCA — Fri, 11 Sep 2015 02:09:42 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 02:09, 11 September 2015
Line 2:		Line 2:
	<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>		<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/~~Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(clone_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type~~ 1 ~~(clone 12)~~]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>	+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiv-1 Hiv-1]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>
	</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene></td></tr>		</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene></td></tr>
-	<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 ~~Human immunodeficiency virus type~~ 1 ~~(CLONE 12)~~])</td></tr>	+	<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 HIV-1])</td></tr>
	<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>		<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>
-	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum]</span></td></tr>	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hxb PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
	</table>		</table>
	== Function ==		== Function ==
Line 29:		Line 29:
	[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]		[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]
	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]		[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]
		+	[[Category: Hiv-1]]
	[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]		[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
	[[Category: Crowther, R L]]		[[Category: Crowther, R L]]

OCA at 09:37, 25 December 2014

OCA — Thu, 25 Dec 2014 09:37:34 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:37, 25 December 2014
Line 3:		Line 3:
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(clone_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (clone 12)]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>		<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(clone_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (clone 12)]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>
-	</td></tr><tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene><br>	+	</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene></td></tr>
-	<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (CLONE 12)])</td></tr>	+	<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (CLONE 12)])</td></tr>
-	<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>	+	<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>
-	<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum]</span></td></tr>	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
-	<table>	+	</table>
		+	== Function ==
		+	[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/POL_HV1H2 POL_HV1H2]] Gag-Pol polyprotein and Gag polyprotein may regulate their own translation, by the binding genomic RNA in the 5'-UTR. At low concentration, Gag-Pol and Gag would promote translation, whereas at high concentration, the polyproteins encapsidate genomic RNA and then shutt off translation.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Matrix protein p17 has two main functions: in infected cell, it targets Gag and Gag-pol polyproteins to the plasma membrane via a multipartite membrane-binding signal, that includes its myristoylated N-terminus. The second function is to play a role in nuclear localization of the viral genome at the very start of cell infection. Matrix protein is the part of the pre-integration complex. It binds in the cytoplasm the human BAF protein which prevent autointegration of the viral genome, and might be included in virions at the ration of zero to 3 BAF dimer per virion. The myristoylation signal and the NLS thus exert conflicting influences its subcellular localization. The key regulation of these motifs might be phosphorylation of a portion of MA molecules on the C-terminal tyrosine at the time of virus maturation, by virion-associated cellular tyrosine kinase. Implicated in the release from host cell mediated by Vpu.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Capsid protein p24 forms the conical core that encapsulates the genomic RNA-nucleocapsid complex in the virion. Most core are conical, with only 7% tubular. The core is constituted by capsid protein hexamer subunits. The core is disassembled soon after virion entry. Interaction with human PPIA/CYPA protects the virus from restriction by human TRIM5-alpha and from an unknown antiviral activity in human cells. This capsid restriction by TRIM5 is one of the factors which restricts HIV-1 to the human species.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Nucleocapsid protein p7 encapsulates and protects viral dimeric unspliced (genomic) RNA. Binds these RNAs through its zinc fingers. Facilitates rearangement of nucleic acid secondary structure during retrotranscription of genomic RNA. This capability is referred to as nucleic acid chaperone activity.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> The aspartyl protease mediates proteolytic cleavages of Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during or shortly after the release of the virion from the plasma membrane. Cleavages take place as an ordered, step-wise cascade to yield mature proteins. This process is called maturation. Displays maximal activity during the budding process just prior to particle release from the cell. Also cleaves Nef and Vif, probably concomitantly with viral structural proteins on maturation of virus particles (By similarity).<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H (RT) is a multifunctional enzyme that converts the viral RNA genome into dsDNA in the cytoplasm, shortly after virus entry into the cell. This enzyme displays a DNA polymerase activity that can copy either DNA or RNA templates, and a ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that cleaves the RNA strand of RNA-DNA heteroduplexes in a partially processive 3' to 5' endonucleasic mode. Conversion of viral genomic RNA into dsDNA requires many steps. A tRNA(3)-Lys binds to the primer-binding site (PBS) situated at the 5'-end of the viral RNA. RT uses the 3' end of the tRNA primer to perform a short round of RNA-dependent minus-strand DNA synthesis. The reading proceeds through the U5 region and ends after the repeated (R) region which is present at both ends of viral RNA. The portion of the RNA-DNA heteroduplex is digested by the RNase H, resulting in a ssDNA product attached to the tRNA primer. This ssDNA/tRNA hybridizes with the identical R region situated at the 3' end of viral RNA. This template exchange, known as minus-strand DNA strong stop transfer, can be either intra- or intermolecular. RT uses the 3' end of this newly synthesized short ssDNA to perform the RNA-dependent minus-strand DNA synthesis of the whole template. RNase H digests the RNA template except for two polypurine tracts (PPTs) situated at the 5'-end and near the center of the genome. It is not clear if both polymerase and RNase H activities are simultaneous. RNase H probably can proceed both in a polymerase-dependent (RNA cut into small fragments by the same RT performing DNA synthesis) and a polymerase-independent mode (cleavage of remaining RNA fragments by free RTs). Secondly, RT performs DNA-directed plus-strand DNA synthesis using the PPTs that have not been removed by RNase H as primers. PPTs and tRNA primers are then removed by RNase H. The 3' and 5' ssDNA PBS regions hybridize to form a circular dsDNA intermediate. Strand displacement synthesis by RT to the PBS and PPT ends produces a blunt ended, linear dsDNA copy of the viral genome that includes long terminal repeats (LTRs) at both ends.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref> Integrase catalyzes viral DNA integration into the host chromosome, by performing a series of DNA cutting and joining reactions. This enzyme activity takes place after virion entry into a cell and reverse transcription of the RNA genome in dsDNA. The first step in the integration process is 3' processing. This step requires a complex comprising the viral genome, matrix protein, Vpr and integrase. This complex is called the pre-integration complex (PIC). The integrase protein removes 2 nucleotides from each 3' end of the viral DNA, leaving recessed CA OH's at the 3' ends. In the second step, the PIC enters cell nucleus. This process is mediated through integrase and Vpr proteins, and allows the virus to infect a non dividing cell. This ability to enter the nucleus is specific of lentiviruses, other retroviruses cannot and rely on cell division to access cell chromosomes. In the third step, termed strand transfer, the integrase protein joins the previously processed 3' ends to the 5' ends of strands of target cellular DNA at the site of integration. The 5'-ends are produced by integrase-catalyzed staggered cuts, 5 bp apart. A Y-shaped, gapped, recombination intermediate results, with the 5'-ends of the viral DNA strands and the 3' ends of target DNA strands remaining unjoined, flanking a gap of 5 bp. The last step is viral DNA integration into host chromosome. This involves host DNA repair synthesis in which the 5 bp gaps between the unjoined strands are filled in and then ligated. Since this process occurs at both cuts flanking the HIV genome, a 5 bp duplication of host DNA is produced at the ends of HIV-1 integration. Alternatively, Integrase may catalyze the excision of viral DNA just after strand transfer, this is termed disintegration.<ref>PMID:8648689</ref> <ref>PMID:17041220</ref> <ref>PMID:17070549</ref> <ref>PMID:20554775</ref>
	== Evolutionary Conservation ==		== Evolutionary Conservation ==
	[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif\|200px\|right]]		[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif\|200px\|right]]
Line 21:		Line 23:
	==See Also==		==See Also==
	*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]		*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]
		+	== References ==
		+	<references/>
	__TOC__		__TOC__
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
Line 26:		Line 30:
	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]		[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]
	[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]		[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
-	[[Category: Crowther, R L.]]	+	[[Category: Crowther, R L]]
-	[[Category: Graves, B J.]]	+	[[Category: Graves, B J]]
-	[[Category: Hatada, M H.]]	+	[[Category: Hatada, M H]]
	[[Category: Aspartyl protease]]		[[Category: Aspartyl protease]]
	[[Category: Hydrolase-hydrolase inhibitor complex]]		[[Category: Hydrolase-hydrolase inhibitor complex]]

OCA at 16:14, 29 September 2014

OCA — Mon, 29 Sep 2014 16:14:48 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:14, 29 September 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	~~[[Image:1hxb.png\|left\|200px]]~~	+	==HIV-1 proteinase complexed with RO 31-8959==
-		+	<StructureSection load='1hxb' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hxb]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.30Å' scene=''>
-	~~{{STRUCTURE_1hxb\| PDB=1hxb \| SCENE= }}~~	+	== Structural highlights ==
-		+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(clone_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (clone 12)]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HXB FirstGlance]. <br>
-	===HIV-1 proteinase complexed with RO 31-8959===	+	</td></tr><tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand\|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ROC:(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(2S,3S,4AS,8AS)-3-(TERT-BUTYLCARBAMOYL)-3,4,4A,5,6,7,8,8A-OCTAHYDRO-1H-ISOQUINOLIN-2-YL]-3-HYDROXY-1-PHENYL-BUTAN-2-YL]-2-(QUINOLIN-2-YLCARBONYLAMINO)BUTANEDIAMIDE'>ROC</scene><br>
-		+	<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">POL ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=11679 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (CLONE 12)])</td></tr>
-		+	<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_retropepsin HIV-1 retropepsin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.23.16 3.4.23.16] </span></td></tr>
-	==~~About this Structure~~==	+	<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hxb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hxb OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hxb RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hxb PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
-	[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(clone_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (clone 12)]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA].	+	<table>
		+	== Evolutionary Conservation ==
		+	[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif\|200px\|right]]
		+	Check<jmol>
		+	<jmolCheckbox>
		+	<scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hx/1hxb_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
		+	<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
		+	<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
		+	</jmolCheckbox>
		+	</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary\|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
		+	<div style="clear:both"></div>

	==See Also==		==See Also==
	*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]		*[[Virus protease\|Virus protease]]
-		+	__TOC__
-	~~==Reference==~~	+	</StructureSection>
-	~~<ref group="xtra">PMID:001956054</ref>~~<~~references group="xtra"~~/>	+
	[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]		[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]
	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]		[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]

OCA at 13:54, 27 February 2013

OCA — Wed, 27 Feb 2013 13:54:08 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 13:54, 27 February 2013
Line 7:		Line 7:

	==About this Structure==		==About this Structure==
-	[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/~~Viruses Viruses~~]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA].	+	[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(clone_12) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (clone 12)]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA].

	==See Also==		==See Also==
Line 17:		Line 17:
	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]		[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]
	[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]		[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
-	[[Category: Viruses]]
	[[Category: Crowther, R L.]]		[[Category: Crowther, R L.]]
	[[Category: Graves, B J.]]		[[Category: Graves, B J.]]

OCA at 15:11, 20 October 2012

OCA — Sat, 20 Oct 2012 15:11:20 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:11, 20 October 2012
Line 7:		Line 7:

	==About this Structure==		==About this Structure==
-	[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure ~~of [[Virus protease]]~~ with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruses Viruses]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA].	+	[[1hxb]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruses Viruses]. The June 2000 RCSB PDB [http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''HIV-1 Protease'' by David S. Goodsell is [http://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2000_6]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HXB OCA].

	==See Also==		==See Also==
Line 13:		Line 13:

	==Reference==		==Reference==
-	<ref group="xtra">PMID:001956054~~</ref><ref group="xtra">PMID:002183354</ref><ref group="xtra">PMID:011106162~~</ref><references group="xtra"/>	+	<ref group="xtra">PMID:001956054</ref><references group="xtra"/>
	[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]		[[Category: HIV-1 Protease]]
	[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]		[[Category: HIV-1 retropepsin]]

OCA: Protected "1hxb" [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

OCA — Thu, 26 Jul 2012 17:34:32 GMT

Protected "1hxb" [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

←Older revision

Revision as of 17:34, 26 July 2012