6ots - Revision history

OCA at 07:16, 11 October 2023

OCA — Wed, 11 Oct 2023 07:16:52 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 07:16, 11 October 2023
Line 3:		Line 3:
	<StructureSection load='6ots' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6ots]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''>		<StructureSection load='6ots' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6ots]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''>
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ots]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [~~http~~://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/~~Buffalo_rat Buffalo rat~~]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6OTS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [~~http~~://~~oca~~.~~weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs~~/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6OTS FirstGlance]. <br>	+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ots]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6OTS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6OTS FirstGlance]. <br>
-	</td></tr><tr id='~~gene~~'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[~~Gene~~\|~~Gene~~:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"~~>Mapk1, Erk2, Mapk, Prkm1 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&~~id~~=10116 Buffalo rat])</td></tr>~~	+	</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models\|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution\|Resolution]] 2.1Å</td></tr>
-	~~<tr id='activity'><td class~~="~~sblockLbl~~">~~<b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen~~-~~activated_protein_kinase Mitogen-activated protein kinase]~~, ~~with EC number~~ [~~http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=~~2.~~7.11.24 2.7.11.24] </span>~~</td></tr>	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ots FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ots OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6ots PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ots RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ots PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ots ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
-	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[~~http~~://~~oca~~.~~weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs~~/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ots FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ots OCA], [~~http~~://pdbe.org/6ots PDBe], [~~http~~://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ots RCSB], [~~http~~://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ots PDBsum], [~~http~~://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ots ProSAT]</span></td></tr>	+
	</table>		</table>
	== Function ==		== Function ==
-	[~~[http~~://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK01_RAT MK01_RAT]] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint.<ref>PMID:21070949</ref> Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity (By similarity).<ref>PMID:21070949</ref>	+	[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK01_RAT MK01_RAT] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint.<ref>PMID:21070949</ref> Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity (By similarity).<ref>PMID:21070949</ref>
	<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">		<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
	== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==		== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Line 23:		Line 22:
	__TOC__		__TOC__
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
-	[[Category: Buffalo rat]]
	[[Category: Large Structures]]		[[Category: Large Structures]]
-	[[Category: ~~Mitogen-activated protein kinase~~]]	+	[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
-	[[Category: Cobb~~, M H~~]]	+	[[Category: Cobb MH]]
-	[[Category: Cormier~~, K W~~]]	+	[[Category: Cormier KW]]
-	[[Category: Goldsmith~~, E J~~]]	+	[[Category: Goldsmith EJ]]
-	[[Category: Juang, Y C]]	+	[[Category: Juang Y-C]]
-	[[Category: Taylor~~, C A]]~~	+	[[Category: Taylor CA]]
-	~~[[Category: Cancer]]~~	+
-	~~[[Category: Erk]]~~	+
-	~~[[Category: Kinase]]~~	+
-	~~[[Category: Mapk]]~~	+
-	~~[[Category: Transferase~~]]	+

OCA at 08:41, 24 July 2019

OCA — Wed, 24 Jul 2019 08:41:33 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:41, 24 July 2019
Line 3:		Line 3:
	<StructureSection load='6ots' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6ots]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''>		<StructureSection load='6ots' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6ots]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''>
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ots]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6OTS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6OTS FirstGlance]. <br>	+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ots]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_rat Buffalo rat]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6OTS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6OTS FirstGlance]. <br>
-	</td></tr><tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase Mitogen-activated protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.24 2.7.11.24] </span></td></tr>	+	</td></tr><tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene\|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Mapk1, Erk2, Mapk, Prkm1 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=10116 Buffalo rat])</td></tr>
		+	<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase Mitogen-activated protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.24 2.7.11.24] </span></td></tr>
	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ots FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ots OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6ots PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ots RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ots PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ots ProSAT]</span></td></tr>		<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ots FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ots OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6ots PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ots RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ots PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ots ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
	</table>		</table>
	== Function ==		== Function ==
	[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK01_RAT MK01_RAT]] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint.<ref>PMID:21070949</ref> Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity (By similarity).<ref>PMID:21070949</ref>		[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK01_RAT MK01_RAT]] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint.<ref>PMID:21070949</ref> Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity (By similarity).<ref>PMID:21070949</ref>
		+	<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
		+	== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
		+	The most frequent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) mutation occurring in cancers is E322K (E-K). ERK2 E-K reverses a buried charge in the ERK2 common docking (CD) site, a region that binds activators, inhibitors, and substrates. Little is known about the cellular consequences associated with this mutation, other than apparent increases in tumor resistance to pathway inhibitors. ERK2 E-K, like the mutation of the preceding aspartate (ERK2 D321N [D-N]) known as the sevenmaker mutation, causes increased activity in cells and evades inactivation by dual-specificity phosphatases. As opposed to findings in cancer cells, in developmental assays in Drosophila, only ERK2 D-N displays a significant gain of function, revealing mutation-specific phenotypes. The crystal structure of ERK2 D-N is indistinguishable from that of wild-type protein, yet this mutant displays increased thermal stability. In contrast, the crystal structure of ERK2 E-K reveals profound structural changes, including disorder in the CD site and exposure of the activation loop phosphorylation sites, which likely account for the decreased thermal stability of the protein. These contiguous mutations in the CD site of ERK2 are both required for docking interactions but lead to unpredictably different functional outcomes. Our results suggest that the CD site is in an energetically strained configuration, and this helps drive conformational changes at distal sites on ERK2 during docking interactions.
		+
		+	Functional divergence caused by mutations in an energetic hotspot in ERK2.,Taylor CA 4th, Cormier KW, Keenan SE, Earnest S, Stippec S, Wichaidit C, Juang YC, Wang J, Shvartsman SY, Goldsmith EJ, Cobb MH Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Jul 11. pii: 1905015116. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1905015116. PMID:31296562<ref>PMID:31296562</ref>
		+
		+	From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
		+	</div>
		+	<div class="pdbe-citations 6ots" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>
	__TOC__		__TOC__
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
		+	[[Category: Buffalo rat]]
	[[Category: Large Structures]]		[[Category: Large Structures]]
	[[Category: Mitogen-activated protein kinase]]		[[Category: Mitogen-activated protein kinase]]

OCA at 05:51, 10 July 2019

OCA — Wed, 10 Jul 2019 05:51:57 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 05:51, 10 July 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	'''Unreleased structure'''

-	~~The entry~~ 6ots is ~~ON HOLD until Paper Publication~~	+	==Rat ERK2 E320K==
-		+	<StructureSection load='6ots' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6ots]], [[Resolution\|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''>
-	~~Authors~~: ~~Taylor~~, C.A., ~~Cormier~~, K.W., ~~Juang~~, Y.-C., ~~Goldsmith~~, E.J., ~~Cobb~~, M.H.	+	== Structural highlights ==
-		+	<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ots]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6OTS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6OTS FirstGlance]. <br>
-	~~Description: Rat ERK2 E320K~~	+	</td></tr><tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase Mitogen-activated protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.24 2.7.11.24] </span></td></tr>
-	[[Category: ~~Unreleased~~ Structures]]	+	<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ots FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ots OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6ots PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ots RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ots PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ots ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
-	[[Category: ~~Taylor, C.A~~]]	+	</table>
-	[[Category: Cobb, M.H]]	+	== Function ==
-	[[Category: Cormier, K.W]]	+	[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK01_RAT MK01_RAT]] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint.<ref>PMID:21070949</ref> Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity (By similarity).<ref>PMID:21070949</ref>
-	[[Category: Goldsmith, E.J]]	+	== References ==
-	[[Category: Juang, Y.-C]]	+	<references/>
		+	__TOC__
		+	</StructureSection>
		+	[[Category: Large Structures]]
		+	[[Category: Mitogen-activated protein kinase]]
		+	[[Category: Cobb, M H]]
		+	[[Category: Cormier, K W]]
		+	[[Category: Goldsmith, E J]]
		+	[[Category: Juang, Y C]]
		+	[[Category: Taylor, C A]]
		+	[[Category: Cancer]]
		+	[[Category: Erk]]
		+	[[Category: Kinase]]
		+	[[Category: Mapk]]
		+	[[Category: Transferase]]

OCA at 21:07, 5 June 2019

OCA — Wed, 05 Jun 2019 21:07:20 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 21:07, 5 June 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Unreleased structure'''		'''Unreleased structure'''

-	The entry 6ots is ON HOLD	+	The entry 6ots is ON HOLD until Paper Publication

	Authors: Taylor, C.A., Cormier, K.W., Juang, Y.-C., Goldsmith, E.J., Cobb, M.H.		Authors: Taylor, C.A., Cormier, K.W., Juang, Y.-C., Goldsmith, E.J., Cobb, M.H.
Line 7:		Line 7:
	Description: Rat ERK2 E320K		Description: Rat ERK2 E320K
	[[Category: Unreleased Structures]]		[[Category: Unreleased Structures]]
-	[[Category: Goldsmith, E.J]]
	[[Category: Taylor, C.A]]		[[Category: Taylor, C.A]]
	[[Category: Cobb, M.H]]		[[Category: Cobb, M.H]]
	[[Category: Cormier, K.W]]		[[Category: Cormier, K.W]]
		+	[[Category: Goldsmith, E.J]]
	[[Category: Juang, Y.-C]]		[[Category: Juang, Y.-C]]

OCA: Protected "6ots" [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

OCA — Tue, 21 May 2019 05:47:38 GMT

Protected "6ots" [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

←Older revision

Revision as of 05:47, 21 May 2019

OCA: New page: '''Unreleased structure''' The entry 6ots is ON HOLD Authors: Taylor, C.A., Cormier, K.W., Juang, Y.-C., Goldsmith, E.J., Cobb, M.H. Description: Rat ERK2 E320K [[Category: Unreleased ...

OCA — Tue, 21 May 2019 05:47:37 GMT

New page: '''Unreleased structure''' The entry 6ots is ON HOLD Authors: Taylor, C.A., Cormier, K.W., Juang, Y.-C., Goldsmith, E.J., Cobb, M.H. Description: Rat ERK2 E320K [[Category: Unreleased ...

New page

'''Unreleased structure'''

The entry 6ots is ON HOLD

Authors: Taylor, C.A., Cormier, K.W., Juang, Y.-C., Goldsmith, E.J., Cobb, M.H.

Description: Rat ERK2 E320K
[[Category: Unreleased Structures]]
[[Category: Goldsmith, E.J]]
[[Category: Taylor, C.A]]
[[Category: Cobb, M.H]]
[[Category: Cormier, K.W]]
[[Category: Juang, Y.-C]]