Glyoxylate cycle - Revision history

Alexander Berchansky at 15:04, 28 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Mon, 28 Nov 2022 15:04:50 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:04, 28 November 2022
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	L-Malate => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene>		L-Malate => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene>

-	The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, <scene name='43/430893/Cv/6'>isocitrate</scene> is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and <scene name='43/430893/Cv/10'>~~Succinate~~</scene> by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.	+	The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, <scene name='43/430893/Cv/6'>isocitrate</scene> is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and <scene name='43/430893/Cv/10'>succinate</scene> by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate. This bypasses the decarboxylation steps that take place in the citric acid cycle, allowing simple carbon compounds to be used in the later synthesis of macromolecules, including glucose. Glyoxylate is subsequently combined with acetyl-CoA to produce malate, catalyzed by malate synthase. Malate is also formed in parallel from succinate by the action of succinate dehydrogenase and fumarase.

	*[[Malate synthase]]		*[[Malate synthase]]

Alexander Berchansky at 15:01, 28 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Mon, 28 Nov 2022 15:01:24 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:01, 28 November 2022
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	[[Malate dehydrogenase]]		[[Malate dehydrogenase]]
-	*Step 9 = [[Krebs cycle step 8]]	+
	L-Malate => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene>		L-Malate => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene>

Alexander Berchansky at 13:01, 28 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Mon, 28 Nov 2022 13:01:04 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 13:01, 28 November 2022
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	The glyoxylate cycle uses six of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase.		The glyoxylate cycle uses six of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase.

-	1) [[Citrate Synthase]]	+	[[Citrate Synthase]]

	4C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene> to a 6C molecule <scene name='43/430893/Cv/4'>citrate</scene>		4C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene> to a 6C molecule <scene name='43/430893/Cv/4'>citrate</scene>

-	2) [[Aconitase]]	+	[[Aconitase]]

	6C Citrate => 6C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/5'>cis-Aconitate</scene>		6C Citrate => 6C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/5'>cis-Aconitate</scene>
Line 14:		Line 14:
	6C ''cis''-Aconitate => 6C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/6'>Isocitrate</scene>		6C ''cis''-Aconitate => 6C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/6'>Isocitrate</scene>

-	3) [[Succinate Dehydrogenase]]	+	[[Succinate Dehydrogenase]]

	<scene name='43/430893/Cv/10'>Succinate</scene> => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/11'>Fumarate</scene>		<scene name='43/430893/Cv/10'>Succinate</scene> => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/11'>Fumarate</scene>

		+	[[Fumarase]]

		+	Fumarate => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/12'>L-Malate</scene>

-	The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and ~~succinate~~ by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.	+	[[Malate dehydrogenase]]
		+	*Step 9 = [[Krebs cycle step 8]]
		+	L-Malate => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene>
		+
		+	The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, <scene name='43/430893/Cv/6'>isocitrate</scene> is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and <scene name='43/430893/Cv/10'>Succinate</scene> by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.

	*[[Malate synthase]]		*[[Malate synthase]]

Alexander Berchansky at 12:57, 28 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Mon, 28 Nov 2022 12:57:30 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:57, 28 November 2022
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	The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.		The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.

-	The glyoxylate cycle uses ~~five~~ of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.	+	The glyoxylate cycle uses six of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase.
		+
		+	1) [[Citrate Synthase]]
		+
		+	4C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/3'>oxaloacetate</scene> to a 6C molecule <scene name='43/430893/Cv/4'>citrate</scene>
		+
		+	2) [[Aconitase]]
		+
		+	6C Citrate => 6C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/5'>cis-Aconitate</scene>
		+
		+	6C ''cis''-Aconitate => 6C <scene name='43/430893/Cv/6'>Isocitrate</scene>
		+
		+	3) [[Succinate Dehydrogenase]]
		+
		+	<scene name='43/430893/Cv/10'>Succinate</scene> => <scene name='43/430893/Cv/11'>Fumarate</scene>
		+
		+
		+
		+	The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.

	*[[Malate synthase]]		*[[Malate synthase]]

Alexander Berchansky at 15:36, 27 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Sun, 27 Nov 2022 15:36:15 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:36, 27 November 2022
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	The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.		The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.

-	The glyoxylate cycle uses five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into glyoxylate and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.	+	The glyoxylate cycle uses five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into <scene name='93/939250/Cv/1'>glyoxylate</scene> and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.

	*[[Malate synthase]]		*[[Malate synthase]]

Alexander Berchansky at 15:29, 27 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Sun, 27 Nov 2022 15:29:43 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:29, 27 November 2022
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	The glyoxylate cycle uses five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into glyoxylate and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.		The glyoxylate cycle uses five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into glyoxylate and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.
		+
		+	*[[Malate synthase]]
		+	<scene name='57/573146/Cv/8'>MS active site pocket is situated between the TIM barrel and the C-terminal</scene>. The ternary complex contains malate, acetyl-CoA and Mg+2 ion<ref>PMID:16877713</ref>.
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>

Alexander Berchansky at 15:27, 27 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Sun, 27 Nov 2022 15:27:42 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:27, 27 November 2022
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	<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of malate synthase G complex with CoA, malate, Hepes and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB entry [[2gq3]])' scene='57/573146/Cv/1'>		<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of malate synthase G complex with CoA, malate, Hepes and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB entry [[2gq3]])' scene='57/573146/Cv/1'>
	The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.		The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.
		+
		+	The glyoxylate cycle uses five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle: citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into glyoxylate and succinate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) instead of into α-ketoglutarate.
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>

Alexander Berchansky at 15:25, 27 November 2022

Alexander Berchansky — Sun, 27 Nov 2022 15:25:15 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:25, 27 November 2022
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	<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of malate synthase G complex with CoA, malate, Hepes and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB entry [[2gq3]])' scene='57/573146/Cv/1'>		<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of malate synthase G complex with CoA, malate, Hepes and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB entry [[2gq3]])' scene='57/573146/Cv/1'>
-	~~This is~~ a ~~default text for your page '''Glyoxylate~~ cycle~~'''~~. ~~Click above~~ on ~~'''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with~~ the ~~< and > signs.~~	+	The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the [[tricarboxylic acid cycle]], is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. The glyoxylate cycle centers on the conversion of acetyl-CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.
-	~~You may include any references to papers as in: the use~~ of ~~JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or~~ to the ~~article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.~~	+
-		+
-	~~== Function ==~~	+
-		+
-	~~== Disease ==~~	+
-		+
-	~~== Relevance ==~~	+
-		+
-	~~== Structural highlights ==~~	+
-		+
-	This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of ~~these sample scenes~~.	+
-		+
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>

Alexander Berchansky: New page: ...

Alexander Berchansky — Sun, 27 Nov 2022 15:23:49 GMT

New page: <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of malate synthase G complex with CoA, malate, Hepes and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB entry 2gq3)' scene='57/573146/Cv/1'>...

New page

<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of malate synthase G complex with CoA, malate, Hepes and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB entry [[2gq3]])' scene='57/573146/Cv/1'>
This is a default text for your page '''Glyoxylate cycle'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.
You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.

== Function ==

== Disease ==

== Relevance ==

== Structural highlights ==

This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>