Sandbox-insulin-neven - Revision history

Student at 09:10, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 09:10:33 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:10, 11 June 2015
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	אינסולין הוא מורכב משני חלקים בשם א 'וב' שרשרת, שהוצגה לעיל בכחול וירוק בהתאמה. שתי רשתות אלה מצטרפות אג"ח דיסולפיד, אשר מוצגים בצהוב. חתיכה אחת זה מורכב מא 'וב'-השרשרות היא הצורה הפעילה של הורמון האינסולין. זוהי הצורה שקושר את קולטן האינסולין בתאי שומן או שריר בגוף, בידודם לקחת את הגלוקוז, או סוכר, מהדם ולשמור אותו למועד מאוחר יותר.		אינסולין הוא מורכב משני חלקים בשם א 'וב' שרשרת, שהוצגה לעיל בכחול וירוק בהתאמה. שתי רשתות אלה מצטרפות אג"ח דיסולפיד, אשר מוצגים בצהוב. חתיכה אחת זה מורכב מא 'וב'-השרשרות היא הצורה הפעילה של הורמון האינסולין. זוהי הצורה שקושר את קולטן האינסולין בתאי שומן או שריר בגוף, בידודם לקחת את הגלוקוז, או סוכר, מהדם ולשמור אותו למועד מאוחר יותר.

-	אינסולין הוא מסוגל להתאים את עצמו למעלה עם ויוצר דימר על ידי יצירת קשרי מימן בין הקצוות של שתי B-רשתות. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. לאחר מכן, 3 הדימרים יכולים לבוא יחד בנוכחות של יוני אבץ ויוצרים hexamer. אינסולין מאוחסן ב <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene>הידרופובי (האפור) וחלקים קוטביים (סגולים) של מונומר אינסולין בpH של 7. הוא האמינו כי הסעיפים הידרופובי על צבירת אינסולין גורם B-שרשרת שתחילה גרמו לבעיות בייצור והאחסון של אינסולין ל[[pharmaceutical use#Treatments\|שימוש תרופתי]].	+	אינסולין הוא מסוגל להתאים את עצמו למעלה עם ויוצר דימר על ידי יצירת קשרי מימן בין הקצוות של שתי B-רשתות. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. לאחר מכן, 3 הדימרים יכולים לבוא יחד בנוכחות של יוני אבץ ויוצרים hexamer. אינסולין מאוחסן ב <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>
		+	הדגשת המבנה</scene>הידרופובי (האפור) וחלקים קוטביים (סגולים) של מונומר אינסולין בpH של 7. הוא האמינו כי הסעיפים הידרופובי על צבירת אינסולין גורם B-שרשרת שתחילה גרמו לבעיות בייצור והאחסון של אינסולין ל[[pharmaceutical use#Treatments\|שימוש תרופתי]].
	</StructureSection> לפרטים נוספים ראו [[Insulin Structure & Function]].		</StructureSection> לפרטים נוספים ראו [[Insulin Structure & Function]].
		+	ערכה ניבין גנדור - מתוכנית רוטשלד ויצמן הוראת מדעים .במהלך קורס חלבונים

Student at 09:08, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 09:08:57 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:08, 11 June 2015
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	<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>		<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>
	[[Image:InsulinHexamer.jpg\|200px\|left]]		[[Image:InsulinHexamer.jpg\|200px\|left]]
-	~~'''Insulin''' is a hormone that controls~~ [[~~Carbohydrate Metabolism\|carbohydrate metabolism~~]] ~~and storage in the human body~~. ~~The body is able to sense the concentration of glucose in the blood and respond by secreting insulin~~, ~~which is produced by beta cells in the pancreas~~. ~~Synthesis of human insulin in E. coli is important to producing insulin for the treatment of type~~ 1 ~~diabetes~~. ~~Proinsulin~~ (~~Pins~~) ~~is processed by several proteases in the Golgi apparatus to form insulin which is shorter by~~ 35 ~~amino acids~~. DPI ~~is a monomeric~~ despentapeptide (B26-B30) Ins ~~analogue~~. DTRI ~~is a~~ monomeric ~~destripeptide~~ (B28-B30) Ins ~~analogue~~. DHPI ~~is for desheptapeptide~~ (B24-B30) Ins. ~~LIns is a legume~~ Ins.	+	אינסולין[[מווסת פחמימות]] ואחסון בגוף האדם. הגוף מסוגל לחוש את הריכוז של גלוקוז בדם ולהגיב על ידי אינסולין מפריש, המיוצר על ידי תאים בטא בלבלב. סינתזה של אינסולין אנושיבחיידק היא חשובה לייצור אינסולין לטיפול בסוכרת מהסוג 1. פרואינסולין (פינים) מעובד על ידי כמה פרוטאזות במערכה גולג'י כדי ליצור אינסולין שהוא קצר יותר ב -35 חומצות אמינו. DPI הוא despentapeptide monomeric (B26-B30) אנלוגי Ins. DTRI הוא destripeptide monomeric (B28-B30) אנלוגי Ins. DHPI הוא לdesheptapeptide (B24-B30) Ins. ינס הוא Ins קטניות.

-	~~Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain~~, ~~shown above in blue and green respectively~~. ~~These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds~~, ~~which are shown in yellow~~. ~~This single piece made up of the A- and B~~-~~chains is the active form of the insulin hormone~~. ~~This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body~~, ~~singling them to take up glucose~~, ~~or sugar~~, ~~from the blood and save it for later~~.	+	אינסולין הוא מורכב משני חלקים בשם א 'וב' שרשרת, שהוצגה לעיל בכחול וירוק בהתאמה. שתי רשתות אלה מצטרפות אג"ח דיסולפיד, אשר מוצגים בצהוב. חתיכה אחת זה מורכב מא 'וב'-השרשרות היא הצורה הפעילה של הורמון האינסולין. זוהי הצורה שקושר את קולטן האינסולין בתאי שומן או שריר בגוף, בידודם לקחת את הגלוקוז, או סוכר, מהדם ולשמור אותו למועד מאוחר יותר.

-	~~Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two~~ B-~~chains~~. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. ~~Then~~, 3 ~~dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a~~ hexamer. ~~Insulin is stored in the~~ <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> ~~the hydrophobic~~ (~~gray~~) ~~and polar~~ (~~purple~~) ~~parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of~~ 7. ~~It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the~~ B-~~chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for~~ [[pharmaceutical use#Treatments\|שימוש תרופתי]].	+	אינסולין הוא מסוגל להתאים את עצמו למעלה עם ויוצר דימר על ידי יצירת קשרי מימן בין הקצוות של שתי B-רשתות. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. לאחר מכן, 3 הדימרים יכולים לבוא יחד בנוכחות של יוני אבץ ויוצרים hexamer. אינסולין מאוחסן ב <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene>הידרופובי (האפור) וחלקים קוטביים (סגולים) של מונומר אינסולין בpH של 7. הוא האמינו כי הסעיפים הידרופובי על צבירת אינסולין גורם B-שרשרת שתחילה גרמו לבעיות בייצור והאחסון של אינסולין ל[[pharmaceutical use#Treatments\|שימוש תרופתי]].
-	</StructureSection> ~~For additional details see~~ [[Insulin Structure & Function]].	+	</StructureSection> לפרטים נוספים ראו [[Insulin Structure & Function]].

Student at 09:00, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 09:00:34 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 09:00, 11 June 2015
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	אחרי שמולקולת אינסולין התחברה לקולטן והפעילה מעבר אותות, היא יכולה להתנתק מהתא או להיכנס פנימה ולהתפרק. ידוע כי מולקולת אינסולין טיפוסית מתפרקת בערך 71 דקות אחרי שהיא נוצרה.		אחרי שמולקולת אינסולין התחברה לקולטן והפעילה מעבר אותות, היא יכולה להתנתק מהתא או להיכנס פנימה ולהתפרק. ידוע כי מולקולת אינסולין טיפוסית מתפרקת בערך 71 דקות אחרי שהיא נוצרה.

-	One of the [[CBI ~~Molecules~~]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ תכנית ממשק אוניברסיטת מסצ'וסטס אמהרסט כימיה-ביולוגיה] at UMass Amherst in the [http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ ~~Roberts Research Group~~] and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org ~~Molecular Playground~~].	+	One of the [[CBI מולקולות]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ תכנית ממשק אוניברסיטת מסצ'וסטס אמהרסט כימיה-ביולוגיה] at UMass Amherst in the [http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ קבוצת החקר של רוברט] and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org מולקולרי משחקים].
	<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>		<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>
	[[Image:InsulinHexamer.jpg\|200px\|left]]		[[Image:InsulinHexamer.jpg\|200px\|left]]

Student at 08:58, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:58:51 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:58, 11 June 2015
Line 9:		Line 9:
	אחרי שמולקולת אינסולין התחברה לקולטן והפעילה מעבר אותות, היא יכולה להתנתק מהתא או להיכנס פנימה ולהתפרק. ידוע כי מולקולת אינסולין טיפוסית מתפרקת בערך 71 דקות אחרי שהיא נוצרה.		אחרי שמולקולת אינסולין התחברה לקולטן והפעילה מעבר אותות, היא יכולה להתנתק מהתא או להיכנס פנימה ולהתפרק. ידוע כי מולקולת אינסולין טיפוסית מתפרקת בערך 71 דקות אחרי שהיא נוצרה.

-	One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ ~~University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry~~-~~Biology Interface Program~~] at UMass Amherst in the [http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ Roberts Research Group] and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org Molecular Playground].	+	One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ תכנית ממשק אוניברסיטת מסצ'וסטס אמהרסט כימיה-ביולוגיה] at UMass Amherst in the [http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ Roberts Research Group] and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org Molecular Playground].
	<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>		<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>
	[[Image:InsulinHexamer.jpg\|200px\|left]]		[[Image:InsulinHexamer.jpg\|200px\|left]]

Student at 08:55, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:55:52 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:55, 11 June 2015
Line 16:		Line 16:
	Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.		Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.

-	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[~~שימוש תרופתי~~#Treatments\|~~pharmaceutical use~~]].	+	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[pharmaceutical use#Treatments\|שימוש תרופתי]].
	</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].		</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].

Student at 08:53, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:53:55 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:53, 11 June 2015
Line 16:		Line 16:
	Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.		Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.

-	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[~~Pharmaceutical_Drugs~~#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].	+	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[שימוש תרופתי#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].
	</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].		</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].

Student at 08:52, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:52:13 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:52, 11 June 2015
Line 16:		Line 16:
	Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.		Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.

-	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>~~hexameric form~~</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].	+	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>ייצוג היקסמירי</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].
	</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].		</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].

Student at 08:50, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:50:04 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:50, 11 June 2015
Line 16:		Line 16:
	Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.		Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.

-	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>~~hydrogen bonds~~</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>hexameric form</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].	+	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>קשרי מימן</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>hexameric form</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].
	</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].		</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].

Student at 08:48, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:48:53 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:48, 11 June 2015
Line 16:		Line 16:
	Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.		Insulin is made up of two pieces called the A- and B-chain, shown above in blue and green respectively. These two chains are joined by disulfide bonds, which are shown in yellow. This single piece made up of the A- and B-chains is the active form of the insulin hormone. This is the form that binds the insulin receptor on fat or muscle cells in the body, singling them to take up glucose, or sugar, from the blood and save it for later.

-	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>hydrogen bonds</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>hexameric form</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>~~scene highlights~~</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].	+	Insulin is able to pair-up with itself and form a dimer by forming hydrogen bonds between the ends of two B-chains. These <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_dimer/2'>hydrogen bonds</scene> are shown above in white. Then, 3 dimers can come together in the presence of zinc ions and form a hexamer. Insulin is stored in the <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_hexamer/4'>hexameric form</scene> in the body. This <scene name='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Insulin_ph7/2'>הדגשת המבנה</scene> the hydrophobic (gray) and polar (purple) parts of an insulin monomer at a pH of 7. It is believed that the hydrophobic sections on the B-chain cause insulin aggregation which initially caused problems in the manufacture and storage of insulin for [[Pharmaceutical_Drugs#Treatments\|pharmaceutical use]].
	</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].		</StructureSection> For additional details see [[Insulin Structure & Function]].

Student at 08:46, 11 June 2015

Student — Thu, 11 Jun 2015 08:46:34 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:46, 11 June 2015
Line 8:		Line 8:
	חלבון 1-IRS משופעל פועל שליח שניוני שמזרז את השעתוק של גנים המבוקרים על ידי אינסולין.		חלבון 1-IRS משופעל פועל שליח שניוני שמזרז את השעתוק של גנים המבוקרים על ידי אינסולין.
	אחרי שמולקולת אינסולין התחברה לקולטן והפעילה מעבר אותות, היא יכולה להתנתק מהתא או להיכנס פנימה ולהתפרק. ידוע כי מולקולת אינסולין טיפוסית מתפרקת בערך 71 דקות אחרי שהיא נוצרה.		אחרי שמולקולת אינסולין התחברה לקולטן והפעילה מעבר אותות, היא יכולה להתנתק מהתא או להיכנס פנימה ולהתפרק. ידוע כי מולקולת אינסולין טיפוסית מתפרקת בערך 71 דקות אחרי שהיא נוצרה.
		+
	One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst in the [http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ Roberts Research Group] and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org Molecular Playground].		One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst in the [http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ Roberts Research Group] and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org Molecular Playground].
	<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>		<StructureSection load='' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Whitney_Stoppel/sandbox1/Human_insulin2/1' caption='Human insulin chain A (grey) and chain B (green), [[3i40]]'>