Sandbox GGC7 - Revision history

Student at 19:53, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 19:53:50 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:53, 28 April 2021
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	Iduronate 2-sulfatase is located in the lysosome.[1] It is involved in the lysosomal degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1] IDS hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin.[1] Dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are complex glycosaminoglycans, which are essentially large sugar molecules.[2] They play important roles in cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and repair, and their degradation and recycling in the lysosome are essential for cellular maintenance.[2] IDS is expressed in the tissues of the liver, kidney, lung, and placenta.[1]		Iduronate 2-sulfatase is located in the lysosome.[1] It is involved in the lysosomal degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1] IDS hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin.[1] Dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are complex glycosaminoglycans, which are essentially large sugar molecules.[2] They play important roles in cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and repair, and their degradation and recycling in the lysosome are essential for cellular maintenance.[2] IDS is expressed in the tissues of the liver, kidney, lung, and placenta.[1]

-	== ~~Relevance~~ ==	+	== Disease ==
	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to Mucopolysaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with severe Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1] A treatment for patients with mild Hunter syndrome is enzyme replacement therapy, which involves the recombinant human IDS.[2]		Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to Mucopolysaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with severe Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1] A treatment for patients with mild Hunter syndrome is enzyme replacement therapy, which involves the recombinant human IDS.[2]
	[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]		[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]

Student at 18:53, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 18:53:56 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:53, 28 April 2021
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	== Relevance ==		== Relevance ==
-	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to ~~Mucopolsaccharidosis~~ 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with severe Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1] A treatment for patients with mild Hunter syndrome is enzyme replacement therapy, which involves the recombinant human IDS.[2]	+	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to Mucopolysaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with severe Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1] A treatment for patients with mild Hunter syndrome is enzyme replacement therapy, which involves the recombinant human IDS.[2]
	[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]		[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==

Student at 18:36, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 18:36:36 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:36, 28 April 2021
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	[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]		[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_mutations/2'>Scene 1: Location of mutations ~~for neonatal diabetes~~</scene>	+	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_mutations/1'>Scene 1: Location of mutations</scene>

	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_atp_binding-active_sites/1'>Scene 2: ATP binding active sites</scene>		<scene name='75/752270/Ide_atp_binding-active_sites/1'>Scene 2: ATP binding active sites</scene>

Student at 18:33, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 18:33:44 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:33, 28 April 2021
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	[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]		[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==
-	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_mutations/2'>Scene 1: ~~Mutation locations~~</scene>	+	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_mutations/2'>Scene 1: Location of mutations for neonatal diabetes</scene>

	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_atp_binding-active_sites/1'>Scene 2: ATP binding active sites</scene>		<scene name='75/752270/Ide_atp_binding-active_sites/1'>Scene 2: ATP binding active sites</scene>
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	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_n_and_c_terminals/1'>Scene 3: N and C terminals</scene>		<scene name='75/752270/Ide_n_and_c_terminals/1'>Scene 3: N and C terminals</scene>

-	<scene name='75/752270/~~Subunit_a_just_for_protein~~/1'>Scene 4: ~~Subunit A~~</scene>	+	<scene name='75/752270/Active_site_on_chain_a/1'>Scene 4: Active sites</scene>
-		+
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	== References ==		== References ==
	1. UniProt ConsortiumEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Iduronate 2-sulfatase https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22304#pathology_and_biotech (accessed Apr 28, 2021).		1. UniProt ConsortiumEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Iduronate 2-sulfatase https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22304#pathology_and_biotech (accessed Apr 28, 2021).
	2. Demydchuk M, Hill CH, Zhou A, Bunkóczi G, Stein PE, Marchesan D, Deane JE, Read RJ. Insights into Hunter syndrome from the structure of iduronate-2-sulfatase. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 8;8:15786. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15786. PMID: 28593992; PMCID: PMC5472762.		2. Demydchuk M, Hill CH, Zhou A, Bunkóczi G, Stein PE, Marchesan D, Deane JE, Read RJ. Insights into Hunter syndrome from the structure of iduronate-2-sulfatase. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 8;8:15786. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15786. PMID: 28593992; PMCID: PMC5472762.

Student at 07:14, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 07:14:06 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 07:14, 28 April 2021
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	<scene name='75/752270/Subunit_a_just_for_protein/1'>Scene 4: Subunit A</scene>		<scene name='75/752270/Subunit_a_just_for_protein/1'>Scene 4: Subunit A</scene>

-	<scene name='75/752270/Ide_polar_section_of_active/1'>Text To Be Displayed</scene>
	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	== References ==		== References ==
	1. UniProt ConsortiumEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Iduronate 2-sulfatase https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22304#pathology_and_biotech (accessed Apr 28, 2021).		1. UniProt ConsortiumEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Iduronate 2-sulfatase https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22304#pathology_and_biotech (accessed Apr 28, 2021).
	2. Demydchuk M, Hill CH, Zhou A, Bunkóczi G, Stein PE, Marchesan D, Deane JE, Read RJ. Insights into Hunter syndrome from the structure of iduronate-2-sulfatase. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 8;8:15786. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15786. PMID: 28593992; PMCID: PMC5472762.		2. Demydchuk M, Hill CH, Zhou A, Bunkóczi G, Stein PE, Marchesan D, Deane JE, Read RJ. Insights into Hunter syndrome from the structure of iduronate-2-sulfatase. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 8;8:15786. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15786. PMID: 28593992; PMCID: PMC5472762.

Student at 07:13, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 07:13:44 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 07:13, 28 April 2021
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	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>
	== References ==		== References ==
-	~~<references~~/>	+	1. UniProt ConsortiumEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteProtein Information ResourceSIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Iduronate 2-sulfatase https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22304#pathology_and_biotech (accessed Apr 28, 2021).
		+	2. Demydchuk M, Hill CH, Zhou A, Bunkóczi G, Stein PE, Marchesan D, Deane JE, Read RJ. Insights into Hunter syndrome from the structure of iduronate-2-sulfatase. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 8;8:15786. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15786. PMID: 28593992; PMCID: PMC5472762.

Student at 07:04, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 07:04:14 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 07:04, 28 April 2021
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	== Relevance ==		== Relevance ==
-	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to Mucopolsaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1]	+	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to Mucopolsaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with severe Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1] A treatment for patients with mild Hunter syndrome is enzyme replacement therapy, which involves the recombinant human IDS.[2]
	[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]		[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==

Student at 06:58, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 06:58:39 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:58, 28 April 2021
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	== Relevance ==		== Relevance ==
-	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase can lead to Mucopolsaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] It is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] It is rare to find adults with Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1]	+	Mutations in Iduronate 2-sulfatase on the Xq28 chromosome can lead to Mucopolsaccharidosis 2 (MPS2), more commonly known as Hunter syndrome.[1] MPS2 is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease.[1] Due to the loss of IDS activity, the disease is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which are then excreted in urine.[1] Scientists have identified over 500 mutations on the Xq28 chromosome that include rearrangements, insertions/deletions, splicing defects and nonsense point mutations.[2] It is rare to find adults with Hunter syndrome as the average life expectancy for those with MPS2 is 15 years of age.[1] Most children diagnosed with MPS2 have somatic abnormalities including skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive cardiopulmonary deterioration.[1] Neurological damage is also prevalent beginning with what seems to be a developmental delay and hyperactivity, but progresses to mental retardation and dementia.[1] Death from MPS2 is typically due to obstructive airway disease or cardiac failure.[1]
	[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]		[[Image:Signs-and-symptoms-of-hunter-syndrome.jpg]]
	== Structural highlights ==		== Structural highlights ==

Student at 06:48, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 06:48:31 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:48, 28 April 2021
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	== Function ==		== Function ==
-	Iduronate 2-sulfatase is located in the lysosome.[1] It is involved in the lysosomal degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1] IDS hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin.[1] Dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are complex glycosaminoglycans, which are essentially large sugar molecules.[2] They play important roles in cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and repair, and their degradation and recycling in the lysosome are essential for cellular maintenance.[2]	+	Iduronate 2-sulfatase is located in the lysosome.[1] It is involved in the lysosomal degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1] IDS hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin.[1] Dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are complex glycosaminoglycans, which are essentially large sugar molecules.[2] They play important roles in cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and repair, and their degradation and recycling in the lysosome are essential for cellular maintenance.[2] IDS is expressed in the tissues of the liver, kidney, lung, and placenta.[1]

	== Relevance ==		== Relevance ==

Student at 06:38, 28 April 2021

Student — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 06:38:06 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 06:38, 28 April 2021
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	==Iduronate 2-sulfatase==		==Iduronate 2-sulfatase==
	<StructureSection load='5FQL' size='340' side='right' caption='Iduronate 2-sulfatase protein' scene=''>		<StructureSection load='5FQL' size='340' side='right' caption='Iduronate 2-sulfatase protein' scene=''>
-	Iduronate 2-sulfatase (~~I2S~~), also referred to as Alpha-L-iduronate sulfate sulfatase or Idursulfase, is a lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1]	+	Iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS), also referred to as Alpha-L-iduronate sulfate sulfatase or Idursulfase, is a lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1]

	== Function ==		== Function ==
-	Iduronate 2-sulfatase is located in the lysosome.[1] It is involved in the lysosomal degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1] ~~I2S~~ hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin.[1] Dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are complex glycosaminoglycans, which are essentially large sugar molecules.[2] They play important roles in cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and repair, and their degradation and recycling in the lysosome are essential for cellular maintenance.[2]	+	Iduronate 2-sulfatase is located in the lysosome.[1] It is involved in the lysosomal degradation pathway of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.[1] IDS hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin.[1] Dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are complex glycosaminoglycans, which are essentially large sugar molecules.[2] They play important roles in cell adhesion, growth, proliferation and repair, and their degradation and recycling in the lysosome are essential for cellular maintenance.[2]

	== Relevance ==		== Relevance ==