Turns in Proteins - Revision history

Karl Oberholser at 16:10, 14 August 2012

Karl Oberholser — Tue, 14 Aug 2012 16:10:23 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:10, 14 August 2012
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	<blockquote>For reasons explained in the Introduction of [[Calculate structure]], the command to form hbonds of secondary structures was not included in the construction of the above scene, but they can be displayed in any scene by doing the following: click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the command: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.		<blockquote>For reasons explained in the Introduction of [[Calculate structure]], the command to form hbonds of secondary structures was not included in the construction of the above scene, but they can be displayed in any scene by doing the following: click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the command: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>
-	<blockquote>Also, if any scene shows the secondary structure and it does not show the beta turns highlighted in blue, the beta turns can be shown in blue by following the above procedure but enter <span style='background-color:yellow;'>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure</span> into the bottom box of the console.	+	<blockquote>Also, if any Proteopedia scene shows the secondary structure and it does not show the beta turns highlighted in blue, the beta turns can be shown in blue by following the above procedure but enter <span style='background-color:yellow;'>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure</span> into the bottom box of the console.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

Karl Oberholser at 16:07, 14 August 2012

Karl Oberholser — Tue, 14 Aug 2012 16:07:33 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:07, 14 August 2012
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	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained in [[Calculate structure]], the '''calculate structure''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure''' command.		Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained in [[Calculate structure]], the '''calculate structure''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure''' command.

-	<blockquote>For reasons explained in the Introduction of [[Calculate structure]], the command to form hbonds of secondary structures was not included in the construction of the above scene, but they can be displayed in any scene by doing the following: click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the command: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.	+	<blockquote>For reasons explained in the Introduction of [[Calculate structure]], the command to form hbonds of secondary structures was not included in the construction of the above scene, but they can be displayed in any scene by doing the following: click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the command: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.
		+	</blockquote>
		+	<blockquote>Also, if any scene shows the secondary structure and it does not show the beta turns highlighted in blue, the beta turns can be shown in blue by following the above procedure but enter <span style='background-color:yellow;'>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure</span> into the bottom box of the console.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

Karl Oberholser at 19:58, 25 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Mon, 25 Jun 2012 19:58:58 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:58, 25 June 2012
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-	<Structure load='2mhr' size='500' frame='true' align='right' caption='' scene='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery/4' />	+	<Structure load='2mhr' size='500' frame='true' align='right' caption='' scene='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery/4' />__NOTOC__
	Turns are classified as a type of secondary structure, but unlike helices and sheets which have ordered, repetitive structures, turns only have ordered structures, but like helices and sheets they can be classified by the values of the torsional angles of the C<sub>α</sub>'s. This article describes β-turns and γ-turns and illustrates their ordered structures.		Turns are classified as a type of secondary structure, but unlike helices and sheets which have ordered, repetitive structures, turns only have ordered structures, but like helices and sheets they can be classified by the values of the torsional angles of the C<sub>α</sub>'s. This article describes β-turns and γ-turns and illustrates their ordered structures.

Karl Oberholser at 19:50, 25 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Mon, 25 Jun 2012 19:50:42 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:50, 25 June 2012
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	== Beta Turns ==		== Beta Turns ==
-	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond (hbonds).	+	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position (''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond (hbonds).

-	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained in [[Calculate structure]] the '''calculate structure;''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure;''' command.	+	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained in [[Calculate structure]], the '''calculate structure''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure''' command.

-	<blockquote>~~In order~~ to ~~color turns blue and display~~ hbonds ~~for~~ secondary structures ~~on any Proteopedia page which does~~ not ~~display it~~, click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the ~~commands~~: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>~~select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure;~~ calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.	+	<blockquote>For reasons explained in the Introduction of [[Calculate structure]], the command to form hbonds of secondary structures was not included in the construction of the above scene, but they can be displayed in any scene by doing the following: click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the command: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

Karl Oberholser at 19:41, 15 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Fri, 15 Jun 2012 19:41:57 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:41, 15 June 2012
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	=== Examples ===		=== Examples ===
-	Examples of four of the nine classes<ref name=beta/> of β-turns are shown below with two examples of each of the four classes. The turns were cut from either myohemerytherin (2mhr.pdb) or domain 2 of glycogen phosphorylase chain A (1abb.pdb). Compare the shapes of the turns and observe the differences in the phi and psi values of the second and third residues. Checking the synchronize box will permit you to rotate all the turns by rotating any one of the turns with the mouse.	+	Examples of four of the nine classes<ref name=beta/> of β-turns are shown below with two examples of each of the four classes. The turns were cut from either myohemerytherin (2mhr.pdb) or domain 2 of glycogen phosphorylase chain A (1abb.pdb). Compare the shapes of the turns and observe the differences in the phi (φ) and psi (ψ) values of the second and third residues. Checking the synchronize box will permit you to rotate all the turns by rotating any one of the turns with the mouse.

	<span style="font-size:150%; color:red;">		<span style="font-size:150%; color:red;">

Karl Oberholser at 18:14, 15 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Fri, 15 Jun 2012 18:14:07 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:14, 15 June 2012
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	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond (hbonds).		All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond (hbonds).

-	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained on [[Calculate structure]] the '''calculate structure;''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure;''' command.	+	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained in [[Calculate structure]] the '''calculate structure;''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure;''' command.

	<blockquote>In order to color turns blue and display hbonds for secondary structures on any Proteopedia page which does not display it, click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the commands: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure; calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.		<blockquote>In order to color turns blue and display hbonds for secondary structures on any Proteopedia page which does not display it, click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the commands: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure; calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.

Karl Oberholser at 18:09, 15 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Fri, 15 Jun 2012 18:09:25 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:09, 15 June 2012
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	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

-	~~Can you locate the cis configured Pro in the two turns without hbonds? Turns shown~~ in <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery_wf/2'>wireframe</scene> ~~(If you are using ver. 12, run ''calculate hbonds structure'' in the console after clicking the green link.) without the side chains~~ so that ~~the backbone atoms can be clearly seen. One~~ can see ~~that~~ the hydrogen bonds are positioned between the first and the fourth residues of the turn and involve backbone atoms.	+	Shown in <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery_wf/5'>wireframe</scene> so that one can see the hydrogen bonds are positioned between the first and the fourth residues of the turn and involve backbone atoms. Can you locate the cis configured Pro in the two turns without hbonds? <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Rama_2mhr/1'>Ramachandran plot</scene> ([[Ramachandran Plot]]).
-		+
-	~~The~~ <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Rama_2mhr/1'>Ramachandran plot</scene> ([[Ramachandran Plot]]) ~~colors the spheres for the helices but not for the turns~~.	+

	{{Clear}}		{{Clear}}

Karl Oberholser at 16:38, 15 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Fri, 15 Jun 2012 16:38:33 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:38, 15 June 2012
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	== Beta Turns ==		== Beta Turns ==
-	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond.	+	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond (hbonds).

-	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained on [[Calculate structure]] the '''calculate structure;''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the ~~hydrogen bonds (~~hbonds).	+	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained on [[Calculate structure]] the '''calculate structure;''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hbonds. <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Calculate_structure/2'>Show</scene> the results of the '''calculate structure;''' command.

-	<blockquote>~~Jmol 12.0 (As of July 2011 Proteopedia is running in Jmol 11.8.) has a command, [[calculate structure]], which locates the~~ turns ~~by computation~~ and ~~a command, calculate~~ hbonds ~~structure, which displays the hbonds involved in~~ secondary structures~~. Until ''Protepedia'' is upgraded to ver. 12~~ any page can be run in the signed ver. 12 by appending "?JMOLJAR=http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/docs/examples-12/JmolAppletSigned0.jar" to the url of the page and reloading the page. The user must give permission for the signed version of Jmol to open, and when it does it ~~has a red frank~~, ~~whereas in the unsigned version it is grey. Click~~ on the ''Jmol frank'', in the ''main menu'' click on ''Console'', in the bottom box of the console enter the commands: <~~center~~>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure; calculate hbonds structure</~~center~~> and then click ''Run''.	+	<blockquote>In order to color turns blue and display hbonds for secondary structures on any Proteopedia page which does not display it, click on the Jmol frank, in the main menu click on Console, in the bottom box of the console enter the commands: <span style='background-color:yellow;'>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure; calculate hbonds structure</span> and then click Run.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

-	~~(If you ran the above series of commands in ver. 12, hbonds in only these five turns are displayed.)~~ Can you locate the cis configured Pro in the two turns without hbonds? Turns shown in <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery_wf/2'>wireframe</scene> (If you are using ver. 12, run ''calculate hbonds structure'' in the console after clicking the green link.) without the side chains so that the backbone atoms can be clearly seen. One can see that the hydrogen bonds are positioned between the first and the fourth residues of the turn and involve backbone atoms.	+	Can you locate the cis configured Pro in the two turns without hbonds? Turns shown in <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery_wf/2'>wireframe</scene> (If you are using ver. 12, run ''calculate hbonds structure'' in the console after clicking the green link.) without the side chains so that the backbone atoms can be clearly seen. One can see that the hydrogen bonds are positioned between the first and the fourth residues of the turn and involve backbone atoms.

	The <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Rama_2mhr/1'>Ramachandran plot</scene> ([[Ramachandran Plot]]) colors the spheres for the helices but not for the turns.		The <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Rama_2mhr/1'>Ramachandran plot</scene> ([[Ramachandran Plot]]) colors the spheres for the helices but not for the turns.

Karl Oberholser at 16:15, 15 June 2012

Karl Oberholser — Fri, 15 Jun 2012 16:15:21 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:15, 15 June 2012
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	== Beta Turns ==		== Beta Turns ==
-	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|~~psi and~~ phi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond.	+	All β-turns contain four residues and are divided into classes based on the range of their [[Psi and Phi Angles\|phi and psi]] values for the second and third residues.<ref name=beta>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?doc=TRUE&pdbcode=n/a&template=doc_p_bturns.html Characteristics of β-turn classes]</ref> Most classes have a hydrogen bond between the backbond atoms of residues one(''i'') and four (''i + 3''), and this attraction is the major force maintaining the conformation of the bend in the chain, but in several classes a Pro in the third position ''i + 2'') has the cis configuration which produces a conformation which can not form a hydrogen bond.

-	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). ~~This~~ scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hydrogen bonds (hbonds).	+	Seven β-turns are shown as blue traces in myohemerytherin in the scene to the right (<scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery1/1'>Initial scene</scene>). There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta. As explained on [[Calculate structure]] the '''calculate structure;''' command does not detect beta turns which have a Pro in the cis configuration and lack a hbond. Since the command has this limitation, the initial scene was produced by manually selecting and coloring the turns and forming the hydrogen bonds (hbonds).

	<blockquote>Jmol 12.0 (As of July 2011 Proteopedia is running in Jmol 11.8.) has a command, [[calculate structure]], which locates the turns by computation and a command, calculate hbonds structure, which displays the hbonds involved in secondary structures. Until ''Protepedia'' is upgraded to ver. 12 any page can be run in the signed ver. 12 by appending "?JMOLJAR=http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/docs/examples-12/JmolAppletSigned0.jar" to the url of the page and reloading the page. The user must give permission for the signed version of Jmol to open, and when it does it has a red frank, whereas in the unsigned version it is grey. Click on the ''Jmol frank'', in the ''main menu'' click on ''Console'', in the bottom box of the console enter the commands: <center>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure; calculate hbonds structure</center> and then click ''Run''.		<blockquote>Jmol 12.0 (As of July 2011 Proteopedia is running in Jmol 11.8.) has a command, [[calculate structure]], which locates the turns by computation and a command, calculate hbonds structure, which displays the hbonds involved in secondary structures. Until ''Protepedia'' is upgraded to ver. 12 any page can be run in the signed ver. 12 by appending "?JMOLJAR=http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/docs/examples-12/JmolAppletSigned0.jar" to the url of the page and reloading the page. The user must give permission for the signed version of Jmol to open, and when it does it has a red frank, whereas in the unsigned version it is grey. Click on the ''Jmol frank'', in the ''main menu'' click on ''Console'', in the bottom box of the console enter the commands: <center>select protein; calculate structure; cartoon; color structure; calculate hbonds structure</center> and then click ''Run''.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

-	~~There are only five blue segments because, in two cases, one β-turn follows another one. Only five of the turns contain hydrogen bonds shown in magenta.~~ (If you ran the above series of commands in ver. 12, hbonds in only these five turns are displayed.) Can you locate the cis configured Pro in the two turns without hbonds? Turns shown in <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery_wf/2'>wireframe</scene> (If you are using ver. 12, run ''calculate hbonds structure'' in the console after clicking the green link.) without the side chains so that the backbone atoms can be clearly seen. One can see that the hydrogen bonds are positioned between the first and the fourth residues of the turn and involve backbone atoms.	+	(If you ran the above series of commands in ver. 12, hbonds in only these five turns are displayed.) Can you locate the cis configured Pro in the two turns without hbonds? Turns shown in <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Hemery_wf/2'>wireframe</scene> (If you are using ver. 12, run ''calculate hbonds structure'' in the console after clicking the green link.) without the side chains so that the backbone atoms can be clearly seen. One can see that the hydrogen bonds are positioned between the first and the fourth residues of the turn and involve backbone atoms.

	The <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Rama_2mhr/1'>Ramachandran plot</scene> ([[Ramachandran Plot]]) colors the spheres for the helices but not for the turns.		The <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Rama_2mhr/1'>Ramachandran plot</scene> ([[Ramachandran Plot]]) colors the spheres for the helices but not for the turns.

Karl Oberholser at 00:21, 11 August 2011

Karl Oberholser — Thu, 11 Aug 2011 00:21:29 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 00:21, 11 August 2011
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	* <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Proteinase_a/4'>Proteinase A</scene>; <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Proteinase_a2/3'>Isolate Turn</scene>		* <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Proteinase_a/4'>Proteinase A</scene>; <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Proteinase_a2/3'>Isolate Turn</scene>
	* <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Thermolysin/2'>Thermolysin</scene>; <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Thermolysin2/2'>Isolated turn</scene> - Unusual because it has two hbonds.		* <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Thermolysin/2'>Thermolysin</scene>; <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Thermolysin2/2'>Isolated turn</scene> - Unusual because it has two hbonds.
-	Examples that are not β-hairpins:
	* <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Flavodoxin/1'>Flavodoxin</scene>; <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Flavodoxin2/1'>Isolated turn</scene>		* <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Flavodoxin/1'>Flavodoxin</scene>; <scene name='Turns_in_Proteins/Flavodoxin2/1'>Isolated turn</scene>