User:Madelyn Smith/Sandbox 1 - Revision history

Madelyn Smith at 15:09, 29 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Wed, 29 Mar 2017 15:09:20 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:09, 29 March 2017
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-	<Structure ~~<applet~~ load='~~4j14~~' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal ~~Structure~~ of ~~Human Cytochrome P450 CYP46A1~~ with ~~Posaconazole Bound~~'/>	+	<Structure load='5FSA' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal structure of sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) from a pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in complex with the antifungal drug posaconazole' />

	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

Madelyn Smith at 15:00, 29 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Wed, 29 Mar 2017 15:00:24 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 15:00, 29 March 2017
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	*Molecular Weight: 700.792 g/mol		*Molecular Weight: 700.792 g/mol
	*IUPAC name: 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(3R,5R)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)oxolan-3-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxypentan-3-yl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one		*IUPAC name: 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(3R,5R)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)oxolan-3-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxypentan-3-yl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one
-	The structure of Posaconazole allows it to potently act as a triazole broad-spectrum antifungal drug that was derived from the antifungal agent, Itraconazole. The differences in structure are that the Chlorine substituents in the aromatic ring on the left-hand side of the images are replaces with Fluorines and that the triazolone sidechain is hydroxylated in the Posaconazole structure<ref>PMID: 21059682 <~~ref~~/>.	+	The structure of Posaconazole allows it to potently act as a triazole broad-spectrum antifungal drug that was derived from the antifungal agent, Itraconazole. The differences in structure are that the Chlorine substituents in the aromatic ring on the left-hand side of the images are replaces with Fluorines and that the triazolone sidechain is hydroxylated in the Posaconazole structure<ref>PMID: 21059682 </ref>.

	== Function ==		== Function ==

Madelyn Smith at 13:19, 29 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Wed, 29 Mar 2017 13:19:32 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 13:19, 29 March 2017
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-	[[Link title]]
	<Structure <applet load='4j14' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Human Cytochrome P450 CYP46A1 with Posaconazole Bound'/>		<Structure <applet load='4j14' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Human Cytochrome P450 CYP46A1 with Posaconazole Bound'/>

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	== Function ==		== Function ==
-
-	== Relevance ==

	==Mechanism==		==Mechanism==
	When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.		When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.
		+
		+	== Relevance ==
		+	Invasive fungal infections, like Candida, Aspergillus, coccidiomycosis, affect patients that are immunocompromised more intensely and are relatively more common in immunocompromised patients. Candida is the most common yeast pathogen while Aspergillus is the most common mold pathogen leading to invasive fungal infections. Noxafil oral suspension is the best form of treatment for invasive Candida and Aspergillus infections in patients 13 years and older who are severely immunocompromised. Noxafil is also more effective at preventing invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients when compared to other antifungal treatments (fluconazole and itraconazole). Overall, Noxafil displays fewer cases of invasive fungal infections and is also a more affordable treatment for immunocompromised patients.

	==Pharmacology==		==Pharmacology==

Madelyn Smith at 21:12, 28 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Tue, 28 Mar 2017 21:12:47 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 21:12, 28 March 2017
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	==Structure==		==Structure==
-	*Chemical Formula: ~~C37H42F2N8O4~~	+	*Chemical Formula: C<sub>37</sub>H<sub>42</sub>F<sub>2</sub>N<sub>8</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
	*Molecular Weight: 700.792 g/mol		*Molecular Weight: 700.792 g/mol
	*IUPAC name: 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(3R,5R)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)oxolan-3-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxypentan-3-yl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one		*IUPAC name: 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(3R,5R)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)oxolan-3-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxypentan-3-yl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one
		+	The structure of Posaconazole allows it to potently act as a triazole broad-spectrum antifungal drug that was derived from the antifungal agent, Itraconazole. The differences in structure are that the Chlorine substituents in the aromatic ring on the left-hand side of the images are replaces with Fluorines and that the triazolone sidechain is hydroxylated in the Posaconazole structure<ref>PMID: 21059682 <ref/>.

	== Function ==		== Function ==
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	==Mechanism==		==Mechanism==
-	<Structure <applet load='5FSA' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal structure of sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) from a pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in complex with the antifungal drug posaconazole' />
	When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.		When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.

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	== References ==		== References ==
	<references/>		<references/>
-	~~PCID~~: ~~468595~~	+	1. Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. \| PMID: 21059682
-	~~http~~:~~//www~~.~~ema~~.~~europa~~.~~eu/ema/index~~.~~jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/000610/human_med_000937~~.~~jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124~~	+	2. Nagappan V, Deresinski S: Reviews of anti-infective agents: posaconazole: a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Dec 15;45(12):1610-7. doi: 10.1086/523576. [PubMed:18190324 ]
-	~~http~~:~~//www~~.~~tandfonline~~.~~com/~~doi~~/full/~~10.~~1586~~/~~14787210~~.~~3.4.467~~	+

Madelyn Smith at 20:49, 28 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Tue, 28 Mar 2017 20:49:06 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 20:49, 28 March 2017
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	== References ==		== References ==
-	<references />	+	<references/>
-	~~<ref>~~ PCID: 468595 ~~<ref/>~~	+	PCID: 468595
-	~~<ref>~~ http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/000610/human_med_000937.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124 ~~<ref/>~~	+	http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/000610/human_med_000937.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124
-	~~<ref>~~ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1586/14787210.3.4.467 ~~<ref/>~~	+	http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1586/14787210.3.4.467

Madelyn Smith at 20:45, 28 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Tue, 28 Mar 2017 20:45:40 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 20:45, 28 March 2017
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	== References ==		== References ==
		+	<references />
		+	<ref> PCID: 468595 <ref/>
		+	<ref> http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/000610/human_med_000937.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124 <ref/>
		+	<ref> http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1586/14787210.3.4.467 <ref/>

Madelyn Smith at 19:47, 27 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Mon, 27 Mar 2017 19:47:44 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:47, 27 March 2017
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-	<Structure load='4j14' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Human Cytochrome P450 CYP46A1 with Posaconazole Bound'/>	+	[[Link title]]
		+	<Structure <applet load='4j14' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Human Cytochrome P450 CYP46A1 with Posaconazole Bound'/>

	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
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	==Mechanism==		==Mechanism==
-	<Structure load='5FSA' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal structure of sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) from a pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in complex with the antifungal drug posaconazole' />	+	<Structure <applet load='5FSA' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal structure of sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) from a pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in complex with the antifungal drug posaconazole' />
	When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.		When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.

Madelyn Smith at 18:14, 27 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Mon, 27 Mar 2017 18:14:39 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:14, 27 March 2017
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	==Mechanism==		==Mechanism==
		+	<Structure load='5FSA' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal structure of sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) from a pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in complex with the antifungal drug posaconazole' />
	When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.		When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.

Madelyn Smith: rough intro, mechanism and pdb pic added

Madelyn Smith — Mon, 27 Mar 2017 00:48:47 GMT

rough intro, mechanism and pdb pic added

←Older revision		Revision as of 00:48, 27 March 2017
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		+	<Structure load='4j14' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Human Cytochrome P450 CYP46A1 with Posaconazole Bound'/>
		+
	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
-	Noxafil ~~(posaconazole)~~ is an antifungal ~~medication that fights certain~~ infections caused by ~~fungus. Noxafil is used to prevent~~ fungal infections ~~people who have a weak immune system resulting from certain treatments or conditions (~~such as ~~chemotherapy~~, ~~stem cell transplantation, HIV infection~~, and ~~others)~~. Noxafil is also used ~~to treat oral thrush (yeast infection of~~ the ~~mouth)~~. Noxafil ~~may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. (copy & pasted from~~ drugs.~~com)~~	+	Noxafil, also known as Posaconazole, is an antifungal drug used to treat fungal infections caused by Candida and Aspergillus species, as well as treat other fungal infections such as chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, and coccidioidomycosis. Noxafil is also often used when other antifungal medicines are tolerated or if the patient is immunocompromised. Noxafil is under the triazole class of antifungal drugs and works by inhibiting the production of ergosterol, an important factor in fungi cell membranes, leading to prevention of cell growth and ultimately death.

	==Structure==		==Structure==
-	~~This is a default text for your page '''Madelyn Smith~~/~~Sandbox~~ 1~~'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.~~	+	*Chemical Formula: C37H42F2N8O4
		+	*Molecular Weight: 700.792 g/mol
		+	*IUPAC name: 4-[4-[4-[4-[[(3R,5R)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)oxolan-3-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxypentan-3-yl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one

-	<Structure load='X2N' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Insert caption here' scene='Posaconazole I think' />
	== Function ==		== Function ==

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	==Mechanism==		==Mechanism==
		+	When administered, Posaconazole acts as an antifungal by blocking Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a P-450 dependant fungal enzyme containing heme as a cofactor. Posaconazole binds to the heme cofactor that the enzyme contains, which prevents the fungus from creating ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Ergosterol performs in fungal cells how cholesterol does in animal cells, making the cell membrane less permeable. Without it, the cells can no longer proliferate and eventually die because the cell membranes become “leaky”, releasing essential organic components from the cell’s interior and preventing it from performing normal cellular functions. In this way, Posaconazole acts both as fungicidal and fungistatic.

-	~~</StructureSection>~~	+	==Pharmacology==

	== References ==		== References ==
-	<references/>

Madelyn Smith at 01:35, 14 March 2017

Madelyn Smith — Tue, 14 Mar 2017 01:35:31 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 01:35, 14 March 2017
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	==Structure==		==Structure==
-	<StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''>
	This is a default text for your page '''Madelyn Smith/Sandbox 1'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.		This is a default text for your page '''Madelyn Smith/Sandbox 1'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.
-	You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.

		+	<Structure load='X2N' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Insert caption here' scene='Posaconazole I think' />
	== Function ==		== Function ==

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	==Mechanism==		==Mechanism==
-
-	This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

	</StructureSection>		</StructureSection>