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(New page: ==Rad51== ===Homologous Recombination=== The process of homologous recombination is essential for genomic stability through the high-fidelity repair of DNA double stranded breaks. The re...)
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Revision as of 18:30, 14 May 2012
Rad51
Homologous Recombination
The process of homologous recombination is essential for genomic stability through the high-fidelity repair of DNA double stranded breaks. The recombination event is orchestrated by a family of enzymes called recombinases, which assemble into presynaptic filaments on single stranded DNA. The recombinases then perform a homology search, initiate strand invasion, resulting in homologous recombination and resolution of the double stranded break. Humans and yeast share the evolutionarily related recombinase Rad51, a homolog of the well-documented prokaryotic RecA protein.
S. cerevisiae Rad51 is a 43 kDa protein that shows a remarkable degree of conservation with its human homolog. They share a core ATPase domain as well as an additional N-terminal domain (which is not observed in the bacterial RecA), although they lack a C-terminal extension characteristic of RecA. Coordination of the DNA binding properties of recombinase protomers directs their assembly into the functional unit of homologous recombination, the presynaptic filament, through nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, as well as interactions with recombination mediator and auxiliary proteins.
