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Introduction
Figure 1. The coolest image of this protein EVAH!!!
The human amylin receptor is a G-coupled protein receptor.
Amylin
Amylin is a neuroendocrine hormone that is synthesized with insulin in the beta cells of pancreatic islets. It can cross the blood-brain barrier and regulates glucose homeostasis via inhibiting gastric emptying, inhibiting the release of glucagon, and inducing meal-ending satiety. In doing so, it prevents spikes in blood glucose and overeating, making it a suitable target for Type 2 Diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes treatments and therapies. Seeing as Type 2 Diabetes is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease, as Type 2 Diabetes cases continue to increase, there will likely be a spike in Alzheimer’s Disease as well. Therefore, it is vital that amylin, its receptor, and analogs such as pramlintide are understood to aid in rational drug design.
Structure
Amylin Receptor
The amylin receptor (AMYR) is the result of the heterodimerization of the calcitonin receptor (CT) and a receptor-activity modifying protein (RAMP). The patterns of peptide interaction between CT and AMYR are very similar overall, but amylin has a higher affinity for AMYR1 and AMYR3 than AMYR2.
Calcitonin Receptor and G-alpha Interactions
RAMPs
Amylin Binding
Amylin Receptor Functional Overview
Hydrophobic Interactions
The tyrosine on the C-terminus of the amylin peptide has extensive van der Waals interactions with the CT and RAMP3. The pi stacking and hydrophobic interactions increase the affinity and interactions between the amylin peptide, CT, and RAMP3, aiding in their association.
Amidated C-Terminus
R11
R18
T9 Water Network
Disease
Pramlintide Analogue
Type 2 Diabetes
Alzheimer's Disease
The proline mutations can help prevent disease. [3]
Relevance
Structural highlights
This is a sample scene created with SAT to by Group, and another to make of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.
