| Structural highlights
Function
[LGG1_CAEEL] Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in autophagy and essential for dauer development and life-span extension (PubMed:12958363, PubMed:20523114). Plays a role in mitophagy (PubMed:25896323).[1] [2] [3] [ATG19_YEAST] Cargo-receptor protein involved in the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and in autophagy. Recognizes cargo proteins, such as APE4, LAP3, LAP4 and AMS1 and delivers them to the pre-autophagosomal structure for eventual engulfment by the autophagosome and targeting to the vacuole. Involved in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure (PAS). ATG19 association with cargo protein is required to localize ATG11 to the PAS. Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process, in selective removal of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates, and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress. Plays also a role in regulation of filamentous growth.[4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Multicellular organisms have multiple homologs of the yeast ATG8 gene, but the differential roles of these homologs in autophagy during development remain largely unknown. Here we investigated structure/function relationships in the two C. elegans Atg8 homologs, LGG-1 and LGG-2. lgg-1 is essential for degradation of protein aggregates, while lgg-2 has cargo-specific and developmental-stage-specific roles in aggregate degradation. Crystallography revealed that the N-terminal tails of LGG-1 and LGG-2 adopt the closed and open form, respectively. LGG-1 and LGG-2 interact differentially with autophagy substrates and Atg proteins, many of which carry a LIR motif. LGG-1 and LGG-2 have structurally distinct substrate binding pockets that prefer different residues in the interacting LIR motif, thus influencing binding specificity. Lipidated LGG-1 and LGG-2 possess distinct membrane tethering and fusion activities, which may result from the N-terminal differences. Our study reveals the differential function of two ATG8 homologs in autophagy during C. elegans development.
Structural Basis of the Differential Function of the Two C. elegans Atg8 Homologs, LGG-1 and LGG-2, in Autophagy.,Wu F, Watanabe Y, Guo XY, Qi X, Wang P, Zhao HY, Wang Z, Fujioka Y, Zhang H, Ren JQ, Fang TC, Shen YX, Feng W, Hu JJ, Noda NN, Zhang H Mol Cell. 2015 Dec 17;60(6):914-29. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.11.019. PMID:26687600[20]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
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- ↑ Alberti A, Michelet X, Djeddi A, Legouis R. The autophagosomal protein LGG-2 acts synergistically with LGG-1 in dauer formation and longevity in C. elegans. Autophagy. 2010 Jul;6(5):622-33. doi: 10.4161/auto.6.5.12252. Epub 2010 Jul 1. PMID:20523114 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/auto.6.5.12252
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- ↑ Leber R, Silles E, Sandoval IV, Mazon MJ. Yol082p, a novel CVT protein involved in the selective targeting of aminopeptidase I to the yeast vacuole. J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 3;276(31):29210-7. Epub 2001 May 29. PMID:11382752 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M101438200
- ↑ Scott SV, Guan J, Hutchins MU, Kim J, Klionsky DJ. Cvt19 is a receptor for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting pathway. Mol Cell. 2001 Jun;7(6):1131-41. PMID:11430817
- ↑ Suzuki K, Kamada Y, Ohsumi Y. Studies of cargo delivery to the vacuole mediated by autophagosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Dev Cell. 2002 Dec;3(6):815-24. PMID:12479807
- ↑ Shintani T, Huang WP, Stromhaug PE, Klionsky DJ. Mechanism of cargo selection in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. Dev Cell. 2002 Dec;3(6):825-37. PMID:12479808
- ↑ Shintani T, Klionsky DJ. Cargo proteins facilitate the formation of transport vesicles in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 16;279(29):29889-94. Epub 2004 May 11. PMID:15138258 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M404399200
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- ↑ Yorimitsu T, Klionsky DJ. Atg11 links cargo to the vesicle-forming machinery in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. Mol Biol Cell. 2005 Apr;16(4):1593-605. Epub 2005 Jan 19. PMID:15659643 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E04-11-1035
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- ↑ Chang CY, Huang WP. Atg19 mediates a dual interaction cargo sorting mechanism in selective autophagy. Mol Biol Cell. 2007 Mar;18(3):919-29. Epub 2006 Dec 27. PMID:17192412 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E06-08-0683
- ↑ Mazon MJ, Eraso P, Portillo F. Efficient degradation of misfolded mutant Pma1 by endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation requires Atg19 and the Cvt/autophagy pathway. Mol Microbiol. 2007 Feb;63(4):1069-77. PMID:17238920 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05580.x
- ↑ Kageyama T, Suzuki K, Ohsumi Y. Lap3 is a selective target of autophagy in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Jan 16;378(3):551-7. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.084. Epub 2008 Dec 4. PMID:19061865 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.084
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- ↑ Noda NN, Kumeta H, Nakatogawa H, Satoo K, Adachi W, Ishii J, Fujioka Y, Ohsumi Y, Inagaki F. Structural basis of target recognition by Atg8/LC3 during selective autophagy. Genes Cells. 2008 Oct 22. PMID:19021777 doi:GTC1238
- ↑ Watanabe Y, Noda NN, Kumeta H, Suzuki K, Ohsumi Y, Inagaki F. Selective transport of alpha-mannosidase by autophagic pathways: structural basis for cargo recognition by Atg19 and Atg34. J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 24;285(39):30026-33. Epub 2010 Jul 21. PMID:20659891 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.143545
- ↑ Wu F, Watanabe Y, Guo XY, Qi X, Wang P, Zhao HY, Wang Z, Fujioka Y, Zhang H, Ren JQ, Fang TC, Shen YX, Feng W, Hu JJ, Noda NN, Zhang H. Structural Basis of the Differential Function of the Two C. elegans Atg8 Homologs, LGG-1 and LGG-2, in Autophagy. Mol Cell. 2015 Dec 17;60(6):914-29. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.11.019. PMID:26687600 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2015.11.019
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