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Structural highlights

Function

SPY_ECOLI An ATP-independent periplasmic chaperone, decreases protein aggregation and helps protein refolding. Binds substrate over a large region of its convex inner surface (PubMed:21317898, PubMed:24497545). Substrate protein folds while it is bound to chaperone (PubMed:26619265). Increasing Spy flexibility increases its substrate affinity and overall chaperone activity (shown for 3 different substrates) (PubMed:24497545). Protects proteins in vitro against tannin inactivation; tannins have antimicrobial activity (PubMed:21317898). Overexpression enhances the stability of otherwise unstable periplasmic proteins (PubMed:21317898).^{[1] [2] [3]}

References

1. ↑ Quan S, Koldewey P, Tapley T, Kirsch N, Ruane KM, Pfizenmaier J, Shi R, Hofmann S, Foit L, Ren G, Jakob U, Xu Z, Cygler M, Bardwell JC. Genetic selection designed to stabilize proteins uncovers a chaperone called Spy. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 Feb 13. PMID:21317898 doi:10.1038/nsmb.2016
2. ↑ Quan S, Wang L, Petrotchenko EV, Makepeace KA, Horowitz S, Yang J, Zhang Y, Borchers CH, Bardwell JC. Super Spy variants implicate flexibility in chaperone action. Elife. 2014;3:e01584. doi: 10.7554/eLife.01584. Epub 2014 Feb 4. PMID:24497545 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01584
3. ↑ Stull F, Koldewey P, Humes JR, Radford SE, Bardwell JC. Substrate protein folds while it is bound to the ATP-independent chaperone Spy. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2016 Jan;23(1):53-8. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.3133. Epub 2015 Nov, 30. PMID:26619265 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3133