Structural highlights
Function
AAKG1_HUMAN AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Gamma non-catalytic subunit mediates binding to AMP, ADP and ATP, leading to activate or inhibit AMPK: AMP-binding results in allosteric activation of alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) both by inducing phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of catalytic subunits. ADP also stimulates phosphorylation, without stimulating already phosphorylated catalytic subunit. ATP promotes dephosphorylation of catalytic subunit, rendering the AMPK enzyme inactive.[1]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) is central to sensing energy status in eukaryotic cells via binding of AMP and ATP to CBS (cystathionine beta-synthase) domains in the regulatory gamma subunit. The structure of a CBS-domain pair from human AMPK gamma1 in complex with the physiological activator AMP and the pharmacological activator ZMP (AICAR) is presented.
Structure of a CBS-domain pair from the regulatory gamma1 subunit of human AMPK in complex with AMP and ZMP.,Day P, Sharff A, Parra L, Cleasby A, Williams M, Horer S, Nar H, Redemann N, Tickle I, Yon J Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2007 May;63(Pt 5):587-96. Epub 2007, Apr 21. PMID:17452784[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Oakhill JS, Steel R, Chen ZP, Scott JW, Ling N, Tam S, Kemp BE. AMPK is a direct adenylate charge-regulated protein kinase. Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1433-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1200094. PMID:21680840 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1200094
- ↑ Day P, Sharff A, Parra L, Cleasby A, Williams M, Horer S, Nar H, Redemann N, Tickle I, Yon J. Structure of a CBS-domain pair from the regulatory gamma1 subunit of human AMPK in complex with AMP and ZMP. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2007 May;63(Pt 5):587-96. Epub 2007, Apr 21. PMID:17452784 doi:S0907444907009110
