Prostaglandin D synthase

Function

Prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) catalyzes the reversible conversion of 9α-11α-epidoxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate to 9α-15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate. Prostaglandin D2 synthase (PGD2S) catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). PGD2 functions as a neuromodulator in smooth muscle contraction. Human PGD2S has two isozymes: hematopoietic PGD2S found in mast cells see Glutathione S-transferase σ which is glutathione-dependent and lipocalin PGD2S found in the central nervous system, genital organs and heart. This enzyme is glutathione-independent and transports small hydrophobic molecules such as steroids. PGDS is a major constituent of cerebrospinal fluid. PGDS binds small lipophilic molecules like retinal and thyroid hormone^[1].

Relevance

PGDS is believed to be a cause of baldness^[2]. PGD2S inhibitors are tested as potential anti-inflammation and anti-allergic drugs.

Structural highlights

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• . Water molecule is shown as red sphere.
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