2i8c
From Proteopedia
(New page: 200px<br /><applet load="2i8c" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="2i8c, resolution 2.46Å" /> '''Allosteric inhibitio...) |
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| - | [[Image:2i8c.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2i8c" size=" | + | [[Image:2i8c.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2i8c" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" |
caption="2i8c, resolution 2.46Å" /> | caption="2i8c, resolution 2.46Å" /> | ||
'''Allosteric inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus D-alanine:D-alanine ligase revealed by crystallographic studies'''<br /> | '''Allosteric inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus D-alanine:D-alanine ligase revealed by crystallographic studies'''<br /> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| - | D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (DDl) is an essential enzyme in bacterial cell | + | D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (DDl) is an essential enzyme in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and an important target for developing new antibiotics. It catalyzes the formation of D-alanine:D-alanine dipeptide, sequentially by using one D-alanine and one ATP as substrates for the first-half reaction, and a second D-alanine substrate to complete the reaction. Some gain of function DDl mutants can use an alternate second substrate, causing resistance to vancomycin, one of the last lines of defense against life-threatening Gram-positive infections. Here, we report the crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus DDl (StaDDl) and its cocrystal structures with 3-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-N-[4(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide (inhibitor 1) (Ki=4 microM against StaDDl) and with ADP, one of the reaction products, at resolutions of 2.0, 2.2, and 2.6 A, respectively. The overall structure of StaDDl can be divided into three distinct domains. The inhibitor binds to a hydrophobic pocket at the interface of the first and the third domain. This inhibitor-binding pocket is adjacent to the first D-alanine substrate site but does not overlap with any substrate sites. An allosteric inhibition mechanism of StaDDl by this compound was proposed. The mechanism provides the basis for developing new antibiotics targeting D-alanine:D-alanine ligase. Because this compound only interacts with residues from the first D-alanine site, inhibitors with this binding mode potentially could overcome vancomycin resistance. |
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
| - | 2I8C is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus Staphylococcus aureus] with SO4, MG and ADP as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-alanine--D-alanine_ligase D-alanine--D-alanine ligase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=6.3.2.4 6.3.2.4] Full crystallographic information is available from [http:// | + | 2I8C is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus Staphylococcus aureus] with <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:'>SO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:'>MG</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=ADP:'>ADP</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-alanine--D-alanine_ligase D-alanine--D-alanine ligase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=6.3.2.4 6.3.2.4] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2I8C OCA]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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[[Category: Single protein]] | [[Category: Single protein]] | ||
[[Category: Staphylococcus aureus]] | [[Category: Staphylococcus aureus]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Chang, J | + | [[Category: Chang, J S.]] |
| - | [[Category: Herberg, J | + | [[Category: Herberg, J T.]] |
[[Category: Horng, M.]] | [[Category: Horng, M.]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Lin, A | + | [[Category: Lin, A H.]] |
[[Category: Liu, S.]] | [[Category: Liu, S.]] | ||
| - | [[Category: Marotti, K | + | [[Category: Marotti, K R.]] |
| - | [[Category: Tomich, P | + | [[Category: Tomich, P K.]] |
[[Category: ADP]] | [[Category: ADP]] | ||
[[Category: MG]] | [[Category: MG]] | ||
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[[Category: staphylococcus aureus]] | [[Category: staphylococcus aureus]] | ||
| - | ''Page seeded by [http:// | + | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 17:50:10 2008'' |
Revision as of 15:50, 21 February 2008
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Allosteric inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus D-alanine:D-alanine ligase revealed by crystallographic studies
Overview
D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (DDl) is an essential enzyme in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and an important target for developing new antibiotics. It catalyzes the formation of D-alanine:D-alanine dipeptide, sequentially by using one D-alanine and one ATP as substrates for the first-half reaction, and a second D-alanine substrate to complete the reaction. Some gain of function DDl mutants can use an alternate second substrate, causing resistance to vancomycin, one of the last lines of defense against life-threatening Gram-positive infections. Here, we report the crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus DDl (StaDDl) and its cocrystal structures with 3-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-N-[4(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide (inhibitor 1) (Ki=4 microM against StaDDl) and with ADP, one of the reaction products, at resolutions of 2.0, 2.2, and 2.6 A, respectively. The overall structure of StaDDl can be divided into three distinct domains. The inhibitor binds to a hydrophobic pocket at the interface of the first and the third domain. This inhibitor-binding pocket is adjacent to the first D-alanine substrate site but does not overlap with any substrate sites. An allosteric inhibition mechanism of StaDDl by this compound was proposed. The mechanism provides the basis for developing new antibiotics targeting D-alanine:D-alanine ligase. Because this compound only interacts with residues from the first D-alanine site, inhibitors with this binding mode potentially could overcome vancomycin resistance.
About this Structure
2I8C is a Single protein structure of sequence from Staphylococcus aureus with , and as ligands. Active as D-alanine--D-alanine ligase, with EC number 6.3.2.4 Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Allosteric inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus D-alanine:D-alanine ligase revealed by crystallographic studies., Liu S, Chang JS, Herberg JT, Horng MM, Tomich PK, Lin AH, Marotti KR, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 10;103(41):15178-83. Epub 2006 Oct 2. PMID:17015835
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