Glutathione peroxidase
From Proteopedia
(Difference between revisions)
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{{STRUCTURE_3e0u| PDB=3e0u | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Glutatione peroxidase 1 complex with glycerol and ammonium ion, [[3e0u]] }} | {{STRUCTURE_3e0u| PDB=3e0u | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Glutatione peroxidase 1 complex with glycerol and ammonium ion, [[3e0u]] }} | ||
- | + | == Function == | |
- | '''Glutathione peroxidase''' (GPX) reduces lipid hydroperoxides to alcohols and free hydrogen peroxide to water. Thus, GPX protects the organism from oxidative damage. There are several isozymes of GPX. Eight isozymes have been found in human.<br /> | + | '''Glutathione peroxidase''' (GPX) reduces lipid hydroperoxides to alcohols and free hydrogen peroxide to water. Thus, GPX protects the organism from oxidative damage<ref>PMID:11215509</ref>. There are several isozymes of GPX. Eight isozymes have been found in human.<br /> |
- | * GPX1 is found in the cytoplasm and reduces hydrogen peroxide.<br /> | + | * GPX1 is found in the cytoplasm and reduces hydrogen peroxide<ref>PMID:17465855</ref>.<br /> |
* GPX2 is intestinal and extracellular.<br /> | * GPX2 is intestinal and extracellular.<br /> | ||
* GPX3 is abundant in plasma.<br /> | * GPX3 is abundant in plasma.<br /> | ||
* GPX4 substrate is lipid hydroxyperoxide. | * GPX4 substrate is lipid hydroxyperoxide. | ||
- | + | == Relevance == | |
+ | Low levels of GPX are found in patients of vitiligo, type 2 diabetes and relapsing multiple sclerosis. There is age-related decrease of GPX activity and hence in antioxidant activity. | ||
== 3D Structures of glutathione peroxidase == | == 3D Structures of glutathione peroxidase == | ||
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**[[2wgr]] – SmGPX (mutant) | **[[2wgr]] – SmGPX (mutant) | ||
}} | }} | ||
+ | == References == | ||
+ | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Topic Page]] | [[Category:Topic Page]] |
Revision as of 08:55, 10 March 2016
Contents |
Function
Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) reduces lipid hydroperoxides to alcohols and free hydrogen peroxide to water. Thus, GPX protects the organism from oxidative damage[1]. There are several isozymes of GPX. Eight isozymes have been found in human.
- GPX1 is found in the cytoplasm and reduces hydrogen peroxide[2].
- GPX2 is intestinal and extracellular.
- GPX3 is abundant in plasma.
- GPX4 substrate is lipid hydroxyperoxide.
Relevance
Low levels of GPX are found in patients of vitiligo, type 2 diabetes and relapsing multiple sclerosis. There is age-related decrease of GPX activity and hence in antioxidant activity.
3D Structures of glutathione peroxidase
Updated on 10-March-2016
References
- ↑ Arthur JR. The glutathione peroxidases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000 Dec;57(13-14):1825-35. PMID:11215509
- ↑ Lei XG, Cheng WH, McClung JP. Metabolic regulation and function of glutathione peroxidase-1. Annu Rev Nutr. 2007;27:41-61. PMID:17465855 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093716