Structural highlights
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Function
[CAPSD_PAVL3] Capsid protein self-assembles to form an icosahedral capsid with a T=1 symmetry, about 22 nm in diameter, and consisting of 60 copies of two size variants of the capsid proteins, VP1 and VP2, which differ by the presence of an N-terminal extension in the minor protein VP1. The capsid encapsulates the genomic ssDNA. Capsid proteins are responsible for the attachment to host cell receptors. This attachment induces virion internalization predominantly through clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Binding to the host receptors also induces capsid rearrangements leading to surface exposure of VP1 N-terminus, specifically its phospholipase A2-like region and putative nuclear localization signal(s). VP1 N-terminus might serve as a lipolytic enzyme to breach the endosomal membrane during entry into host cell and might contribute to virus transport to the nucleus (By similarity).
Publication Abstract from PubMed
LuIII, a protoparvovirus pathogenic to rodents, replicates in human mitotic cells, making it applicable for use to kill cancer cells. This virus group includes H-1 parvovirus (H-1PV) and minute virus of mice (MVM). However, LuIII displays enhanced oncolysis compared to H-1PV and MVM, a phenotype mapped to the major capsid viral protein 2 (VP2). This suggests that within LuIII VP2 are determinants for improved tumor lysis. To investigate this, the structure of the LuIII virus-like-particle was determined using single particle cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction to 3.17 A resolution, and compared to the H-1PV and MVM structures. The LuIII VP2 structure, ordered from residue 37 to 587 (C-terminal), had the conserved VP topology and capsid morphology previously reported for other protoparvoviruses. This includes a core beta-barrel and alpha-helix A, a depression at the icosahedral 2-fold and surrounding the 5-fold axes, and a single protrusion at the 3-fold axes. Comparative analysis identified surface loop differences among LuIII, H-1PV, and MVM at or close to the capsid 2- and 5-fold symmetry axes, and the shoulder of the 3-fold protrusions. The 2-fold differences cluster near the previously identified MVM sialic acid receptor binding pocket, and revealed potential determinants of protoparvovirus tumor tropism.
Atomic Resolution Structure of the Oncolytic Parvovirus LuIII by Electron Microscopy and 3D Image Reconstruction.,Pittman N, Misseldine A, Geilen L, Halder S, Smith JK, Kurian J, Chipman P, Janssen M, Mckenna R, Baker TS, D'Abramo A Jr, Cotmore S, Tattersall P, Agbandje-McKenna M Viruses. 2017 Oct 30;9(11). pii: E321. doi: 10.3390/v9110321. PMID:29084163[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Pittman N, Misseldine A, Geilen L, Halder S, Smith JK, Kurian J, Chipman P, Janssen M, Mckenna R, Baker TS, D'Abramo A Jr, Cotmore S, Tattersall P, Agbandje-McKenna M. Atomic Resolution Structure of the Oncolytic Parvovirus LuIII by Electron Microscopy and 3D Image Reconstruction. Viruses. 2017 Oct 30;9(11). pii: E321. doi: 10.3390/v9110321. PMID:29084163 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9110321
