Alice Clark/ATPsynthase

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== '''ATP Synthase''' ==
== '''ATP Synthase''' ==
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<StructureSection load='5lqz' size='350' side='right' caption='Bovine (Cow) ATP Synthase (PDB entry [[5lqz]])' scene=''>
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<StructureSection load='5lqz' size='350' side='right' caption='ATP Synthase (PDB entry [[5lqz]])' scene=''>
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'''The ATP synthase molecule is built up of different proteins'''
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The synthesis of ATP involves a number of steps
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The <scene name='78/781973/Stalk/1'>stalk</scene> of the structure
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1. Binding of ADP and the phosphate
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The F1 motor contains <scene name='78/781973/F1_alpha/1'>alpha</scene> and <scene name='78/781973/F1_beta/1'>beta</scene> chains.
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2. Formation of the new high energy phosphate-phosphate bond
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3. Releasing the newly made ATP
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These steps are performed by a tiny motor, found in the mitochondrial membrane, called ATP synthase
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'''The ATP synthase molecule is built up of different proteins each with a seperate role '''
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The F1 motor contains <scene name='78/781973/F1_alpha/1'>alpha</scene> and <scene name='78/781973/F1_beta/1'>beta</scene> chains. It also has the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) molecules and the adenosine triphosphate ATP <scene name='78/781973/Atpandadp/1'>binding sites</scene>. See if you can zoom in on the ATP identify the base, sugar and phosphates that make up these molecules.
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----
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'''Q1: Where is the F1 region located within the ATP synthase, and what is its role?'''
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----
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The axle rotates putting the motor into three different conformations as the ADP binds, the phosphate bond is formed and the ATP being released.
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The F1 also has the Adenosine DiPhosphate (ADP) molecules and the Adenosine TriPhosphate ATP binding sites. See if you can identify the base, sugar and phosphates in these molecules.
 
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axle
 
stator
stator
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The F0 is formed of membrane bound helices
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The F0 is a circular rotor that is formed of alpha helices that sit in the mitochondrial membrane. The hydrogen ions travel around the circular F0 motor, and turning the rotor in the process, much like a water wheel. The hydrogens are passed alone a chain of aspartic acid residues (amino acids) in the F0 motor, and then transferred to an arginine amino acid. The arginine passes the hydrogen to the rotor, which turns all the way around. Then the hydrogen is then passed to the opposite side of the membrane.
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'''Q1: Where is the F1 region, and what is its role?'''
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Key Terms
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Aspartic acid
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ATP
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AMP
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ATP synthase
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</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>

Revision as of 12:05, 10 March 2018

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ATP Synthase

ATP Synthase (PDB entry 5lqz)

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Alice Clark

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