4m0p

Structural highlights

Disease

[PRPS1_HUMAN] Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity (PRPS1 superactivity) [MIM:300661]; also known as PRPS-related gout. It is a familial disorder characterized by excessive purine production, gout and uric acid urolithiasis. Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive type 5 (CMTX5) [MIM:311070]; also known as optic atrophy-polyneuropathy-deafness or Rosenberg-Chutorian syndrome. CMTX5 is a form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, the most common inherited disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is classified in two main groups on the basis of electrophysiologic properties and histopathology: primary peripheral demyelinating neuropathies characterized by severely reduced motor nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) (less than 38m/s) and segmental demyelination and remyelination, and primary peripheral axonal neuropathies characterized by normal or mildly reduced NCVs and chronic axonal degeneration and regeneration on nerve biopsy.^[1] Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of ARTS syndrome (ARTS) [MIM:301835]; also known as fatal ataxia X-linked with deafness and loss of vision. ARTS is a disorder characterized by mental retardation, early-onset hypotonia, ataxia, delayed motor development, hearing impairment, and optic atrophy. Susceptibility to infections, especially of the upper respiratory tract, can result in early death.^[2] Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of deafness X-linked type 1 (DFNX1) [MIM:304500]; also known as congenital sensorineural deafness X-linked 2 (DFN2). It is a form of deafness characterized by progressive, severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss in males. Females manifest mild to moderate hearing loss.^[3]

Function

[PRPS1_HUMAN] Catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) that is essential for nucleotide synthesis.

References

1. ↑ Kim HJ, Sohn KM, Shy ME, Krajewski KM, Hwang M, Park JH, Jang SY, Won HH, Choi BO, Hong SH, Kim BJ, Suh YL, Ki CS, Lee SY, Kim SH, Kim JW. Mutations in PRPS1, which encodes the phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase enzyme critical for nucleotide biosynthesis, cause hereditary peripheral neuropathy with hearing loss and optic neuropathy (cmtx5). Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Sep;81(3):552-8. Epub 2007 Jun 29. PMID:17701900 doi:S0002-9297(07)61351-2
2. ↑ de Brouwer AP, Williams KL, Duley JA, van Kuilenburg AB, Nabuurs SB, Egmont-Petersen M, Lugtenberg D, Zoetekouw L, Banning MJ, Roeffen M, Hamel BC, Weaving L, Ouvrier RA, Donald JA, Wevers RA, Christodoulou J, van Bokhoven H. Arts syndrome is caused by loss-of-function mutations in PRPS1. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Sep;81(3):507-18. Epub 2007 Aug 3. PMID:17701896 doi:10.1086/520706
3. ↑ Liu X, Han D, Li J, Han B, Ouyang X, Cheng J, Li X, Jin Z, Wang Y, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Kong X, Xu H, Kantardzhieva A, Eavey RD, Seidman CE, Seidman JG, Du LL, Chen ZY, Dai P, Teng M, Yan D, Yuan H. Loss-of-function mutations in the PRPS1 gene cause a type of nonsyndromic X-linked sensorineural deafness, DFN2. Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Jan;86(1):65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.11.015. PMID:20021999 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.11.015
4. ↑ Chen P, Liu Z, Wang X, Peng J, Sun Q, Li J, Wang M, Niu L, Zhang Z, Cai G, Teng M, Li X. Crystal and EM Structures of Human Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Synthase I (PRS1) Provide Novel Insights into the Disease-Associated Mutations. PLoS One. 2015 Mar 17;10(3):e0120304. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120304., eCollection 2015. PMID:25781187 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120304