Chitinase

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{{STRUCTURE_1edq| PDB=1edq | SIZE=400| SCENE=Chitinases/Cv/2 |right|CAPTION=Chitinase I from ''Serratia marcescens'', [[1edq]] }}
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<StructureSection load='3wh1' size='350' side='right' caption='Chitinase A complex with (GlcNac)4 and ethylene glycol (PDB entry [[3wh1]])' scene='27/271631/Cv/3'>
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__TOC__
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== Function ==
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[[Chitinase]]s cleave the beta-1-4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units of which chitin is comprised. Chitinases are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. The first chitinase structures were solved in 1994, from a bacterium ([[1ctn]]) and a plant ([[2hvm]]). A mechanism for chitin cleavage was proposed based on several structures and was later confirmed.
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[[Chitinase]]s (Chi) cleave the beta-1-4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units of which chitin is comprised. Chitinases are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. The first chitinase structures were solved in 1994, from a bacterium ([[1ctn]]) and a plant ([[2hvm]]). A mechanism for chitin cleavage was proposed based on several structures and was later confirmed. <ref>PMID:21054166</ref>. <br />
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== 3D Structures of Chitinase ==
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* '''Chitinase I''' is found in plants.<br />
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* '''Chitinase II''' is found in plants, fungi and bacteria.<br />
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* '''Chitinase III''' has no sequence similarity to class I or II.<br />
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* '''Chitinase IV''' has similar characteristics to class I but are smaller than it.<br />
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Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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==Disease ==
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{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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*Chitinase I
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Chi is related to allergies and asthma<ref>PMID:19295241</ref>.
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**[[3aro]], [[3b8s]] – VhChi residues 22-597 – ''Vibrio harveyi''<br />
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== Structural highlights ==
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**[[3b9e]] - VhChi residues 22-597 (mutant)<br />
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**[[1k85]] – BcChi fibronectin domain – ''Bacillus circulans'' – NMR<br />
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**[[1itx]] - BcChi catalytic domain<br />
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**[[1ed7]] – BcChi chitin-binding domain - NMR<br />
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**[[1ll6]], [[1ll7]] - CiChi residues 36-427 (mutant) – ''Coccicioides immitis'' <br />
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**[[1d2k]] - CiChi residues 36-427<br />
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**[[3n11]] – BcChi – ''Bacillus cereus''<br />
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**[[3iwr]], [[2dkv]] – Chi residues 33-340 – Japanese rice<br />
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**[[1edq]], [[1ctn]], [[4axn]] - SmChi – ''Serratia marcescens''<br />
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**[[1x6l]], [[1rd6]] – SmChi (mutant)<br />
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**[[3g6l]] - BoChi residues 21-426 – ''Bionectria ochroleuca''<br />
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**[[3oa5]], [[4dws]] – Chi – ''Yersinia entomophaga''<br />
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**[[3w4r]] – cbChi – corn borer<br />
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**[[3wkz]] – cbChi (mutant)<br />
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**[[4mpi]] – HbChi chitin-binding domain – ''Hevea brasiliensis''<br />
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**[[4mst]] – HbChi catalytic domain <br />
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*''Chitinase I binary complex''
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The <scene name='27/271631/Cv/5'>chitin tetrasaccharide binding site</scene> of Chitinase A. <ref>PMID:24582745</ref> Water molecules are shown as red spheres.
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**[[3arp]], [[3arq]], [[3arr]], [[3ars]], [[3art]], [[3aru]], [[3arv]], [[3arw]], [[3arx]], [[3ary]], [[3arz]] – VhChi residues 22-597 + inhibitor<br />
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== 3D Structures of Chitinase ==
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**[[3as0]], [[3as1]], [[3as2]], [[3as3]] – VhChi residues 22-597 (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
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[[Chitinase 3D structures]]
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**[[3b9a]], [[3b9d]] - VhChi residues 22-597 + polysaccharide<br />
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**[[2xvn]], [[2xuc]] – AfChi residues 29-307 + inhibitor – ''Aspergillus fumigatus''<br />
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**[[3n13]], [[3n15]], [[3n17]], [[3n18]] – BcChi (mutant) + NAG<br />
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**[[3n12]] – BcChi + Zn<br />
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**[[3n1a]] - BcChi (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1x6n]] - SmChi (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1ffq]] - SmChi + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1nh6]], [[1k9t]], [[1ffr]], [[1eib]], [[1ehn]] - SmChi (mutant) + polysaccharide<br />
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**[[2wk2]], [[2wly]], [[2wlz]], [[2wm0]] – SmChi residues 2-520 + inhibitor <br />
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**[[3g6m]] - BoChi residues 21-426 + caffeine<br />
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**[[1waw]], [[1wb0]] – hChi catalytic domain polypeptide – human<br />
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**[[1hkk]], [[1hkm]], [[3rm4]], [[3rm8]], [[3rm9]], [[3rme]] – hChi catalytic domain inhibitor<br />
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**[[1ll4]] - CiChi residues 36-427 + inhibitor<br />
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**[[3wl1]], [[3wqv]], [[3wqw]] – cbChi + GlcNAC<br />
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**[[3wl0]] – cbChi (mutant) + GlcNAC<br />
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*Chitinase II
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**[[1e15]], [[3wd0]] - SmChi<br />
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**[[1ogb]], [[1goi]], [[1e6p]] - SmChi (mutant)<br />
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**[[1kfw]] – Chi catalytic domain – Arthrobacter<br />
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**[[1dxj]] – Chi – Jack bean<br />
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*''Chitinase II binary complex''
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**[[1ogg]], [[1ur9]] - SmChi (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1e6n]] - SmChi (mutant) + polysaccharide<br />
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**[[1ur8]], [[1gpf]], [[1e6r]], [[3wd1]], [[3wd2]], [[3wd3]], [[3wd4]] - SmChi + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1e6z]] – SmChi + intermediate<br />
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**[[2a3a]], [[2a3b]], [[2a3c]], [[2a3e]] – AfChi + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1w1p]], [[1w1t]], [[1w1v]], [[1w1y]], [[1o6i]], [[1h0g]], [[1h0i]] – SmChi + polypeptide<br />
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*Chitinase III
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**[[2dbt]], [[1wvu]] – SgChi residues 30-294 – ''Streptomyces griseus''<br />
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**[[1wvv]] - SgChi residues 30-294 (mutant)<br />
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**[[2d49]] – SgChi chitin-binding domain - NMR<br />
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**[[2xvp]] – AfChi<br />
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**[[2xtk]], [[4tx6]] – AfChi + inhibitor<br />
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**[[4toq]] – Chi - pomegrenate<br />
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*Chitinase IV
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**[[3hbd]], [[3hbe]], [[3hbh]] - Chi catalytic domain – Norway spruce<br />
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**[[4mck]] – Chi - maize<br />
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*Chitinase V
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**[[3alf]] – tChi residues 26-377 – tobacco<br />
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*''Chitinase V binary complex''
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**[[3alg]] - tChi residues 26-377 (mutant) + NAG<br />
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**[[3chc]], [[3chd]], [[3che]], [[3chf]] - AfChi + polypeptide<br />
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**[[3ch9]], [[2iuz]] – AfChi + inhibitor<br />
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*Chitinase VIII
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**[[2cjl]] - Chi residues 41-244 – ''Streptomyces coelicolor''<br />
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*Chitinase XVIII
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**[[3sim]] – Chi – ''Crocus vernus''
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*Chitinase A
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**[[3wh1]], [[3wij]] – BcChiC + GlcNAC – ''Bryum coronatum''<br />
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**[[4ij4]] – BcChiC (mutant) + GlcNAC <br />
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**[[4mnj]] – spChi – sago palm<br />
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**[[4mnk]] – spChi + GlcNAC<br />
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**[[4mnl]], [[4mnm]] – spChi (mutant) + GlcNAC<br />
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*Chitinase C
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**[[4dyg]] – RyChiC + NAG – Rye<br />
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**[[4dwx]] - RyChiC<br />
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**[[4j0l]] – RyChiC + GlcNAC<br />
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*Other chitinases
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**[[1wno]], [[1w9p]] - AfChi<br />
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**[[2dsk]] - PfChi catalytic domain – ''Pyrococcus furiosus''<br />
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**[[3afb]] - PfChi catalytic domain (mutant)<br />
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**[[1cns]] – Chi – ''Hordeum vulgare''<br />
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**[[2czn]], [[2rts]] - PfChi chitin-binding domain – NMR<br />
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**[[2cwr]] - PfChi chitin-binding domain<br />
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**[[3ian]] – Chi (mutant) – ''Lactococcus lactis''<br />
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**[[3fxy]] - hChi catalytic domain<br />
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**[[1lq0]] - hChi residues 22-286<br />
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**[[1guv]] - hChi residues 22-387<br />
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**[[3fnd]], [[3co4]] – Chi – ''Bacteroides thetaiotamicron''<br />
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**[[3cql]] – Chi – ''Carica papaya''<br />
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**[[2z37]] - BjChi catalytic domain – ''Brassica juncea''<br />
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**[[2z39]] – BjChi catalytic domain (mutant)<br />
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**[[2uy2]] – yChi residues 22-315 – yeast<br />
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**[[4hmc]] – MmChi 60 – ''Moritella marina''<br />
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**[[4mb3]] – MmChi 60 (mutant)<br />
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**[[3w3e]] – Chi – cowpea<br />
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**[[3w6b]] – RaChi catalytic domain – ''Ralstonia''<br />
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**[[3w6e]] – RaChi catalytic domain (mutant) <br />
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*''Other chitinases binary complex''
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</StructureSection>
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**[[3a4w]], [[3a4x]] – PfChi catalytic domain (mutant) + NAG<br />
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== References ==
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**[[1lg1]] - hChi residues 22-387 + chitobiose<br />
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<references/>
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**[[1lg2]] - hChi residues 22-387 + ethylene glycol<br />
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**[[3fy1]], [[2ybt]], [[2ybu]] - hChi catalytic domain + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1hki]], [[1hkj]] - hChi + inhibitor<br />
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**[[2z38]] - BjChi catalytic domain + Cl<br />
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**[[2uy3]], [[2uy4]], [[2uy5]] - yChi residues 22-315 + inhibitor<br />
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**[[1w9v]], [[1w9u]] - AfChi + polypeptide<br />
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**[[4hmd]] – MmChi 60 + intermediate<br />
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**[[4hme]] – MmChi 60 + NAG<br />
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**[[4mb4]], [[4mb5]] – MmChi 60 (mutant) + NAG<br />
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**[[3w6c]] – RaChi catalytic domain + disaccharide<br />
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**[[3w6d]], [[3w6f]] – RaChi catalytic domain (mutant) + polysaccharide<br />
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}}
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[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

Chitinase A complex with (GlcNac)4 and ethylene glycol (PDB entry 3wh1)

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. ↑ Lee CG, Da Silva CA, Dela Cruz CS, Ahangari F, Ma B, Kang MJ, He CH, Takyar S, Elias JA. Role of chitin and chitinase/chitinase-like proteins in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and injury. Annu Rev Physiol. 2011;73:479-501. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142250. PMID:21054166 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142250
  2. ↑ Shuhui L, Mok YK, Wong WS. Role of mammalian chitinases in asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2009;149(4):369-77. doi: 10.1159/000205583. Epub 2009, Mar 17. PMID:19295241 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000205583
  3. ↑ Ohnuma T, Umemoto N, Nagata T, Shinya S, Numata T, Taira T, Fukamizo T. Crystal structure of a "loopless" GH19 chitinase in complex with chitin tetrasaccharide spanning the catalytic center. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Feb 25;1844(4):793-802. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.02.013. PMID:24582745 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.02.013
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