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Publication Abstract from PubMed

D-Alanyl-D-alanine is an essential precursor of bacterial peptidoglycan and is synthesized by D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (DDL) with hydrolysis of ATP; this reaction makes DDL an important drug target for the development of antibacterial agents. Five crystal structures of DDL from Yersinia pestis (YpDDL) were determined at 1.7-2.5 A resolution: apo, AMP-bound, ADP-bound, adenosine 5'-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate-bound, and D-alanyl-D-alanine- and ADP-bound structures. YpDDL consists of three domains, in which four loops, loop 1, loop 2 (the serine loop), loop 3 (the omega-loop) and loop 4, constitute the binding sites for two D-alanine molecules and one ATP molecule. Some of them, especially the serine loop and the omega-loop, show flexible conformations, and the serine loop is mainly responsible for the conformational change in substrate nucleotide phosphates. Enzyme-kinetics assays were carried out for both the D-alanine and ATP substrates and a substrate-binding mechanism was proposed for YpDDL involving conformational changes of the loops.

Structure of D-alanine-D-alanine ligase from Yersinia pestis: nucleotide phosphate recognition by the serine loop.,Tran HT, Hong MK, Ngo HP, Huynh KH, Ahn YJ, Wang Z, Kang LW Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol. 2016 Jan;72(Pt 1):12-21. doi:, 10.1107/S2059798315021671. Epub 2016 Jan 1. PMID:26894530^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.