| Structural highlights
Disease
[ANTR1_HUMAN] Defects in ANTXR1 are associated with susceptibility to hemangioma capillary infantile (HCI) [MIM:602089]. HCI are benign, highly proliferative lesions involving aberrant localized growth of capillary endothelium. They are the most common tumor of infancy, occurring in up to 10% of all births. Hemangiomas tend to appear shortly after birth and show rapid neonatal growth for up to 12 months characterized by endothelial hypercellularity and increased numbers of mast cells. This phase is followed by slow involution at a rate of about 10% per year and replacement by fibrofatty stroma.[1]
Function
[ANTR1_HUMAN] Plays a role in cell attachment and migration. Interacts with extracellular matrix proteins and with the actin cytoskeleton. Mediates adhesion of cells to type 1 collagen and gelatin, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and promotes cell spreading. Plays a role in the angiogenic response of cultured umbilical vein endothelial cells.[2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is an oncolytic picornavirus with selective tropism for neuroendocrine cancers. SVV mediates cell entry by attachment to the receptor anthrax toxin receptor 1 (ANTXR1). Here we determine atomic structures of mature SVV particles alone and in complex with ANTXR1 in both neutral and acidic conditions, as well as empty "spent" particles in complex with ANTXR1 in acidic conditions by cryoelectron microscopy. SVV engages ANTXR1 mainly by the VP2 DF and VP1 CD loops, leading to structural changes in the VP1 GH loop and VP3 GH loop, which attenuate interprotomer interactions and destabilize the capsid assembly. Despite lying on the edge of the attachment site, VP2 D146 interacts with the metal ion in ANTXR1 and is required for cell entry. Though the individual substitution of most interacting residues abolishes receptor binding and virus propagation, a serine-to-alanine mutation at VP2 S177 significantly increases SVV proliferation. Acidification of the SVV-ANTXR1 complex results in a major reconfiguration of the pentameric capsid assemblies, which rotate approximately 20 degrees around the icosahedral fivefold axes to form a previously uncharacterized spent particle resembling a potential uncoating intermediate with remarkable perforations at both two- and threefold axes. These structures provide high-resolution snapshots of SVV entry, highlighting opportunities for anticancer therapeutic optimization.
Seneca Valley virus attachment and uncoating mediated by its receptor anthrax toxin receptor 1.,Cao L, Zhang R, Liu T, Sun Z, Hu M, Sun Y, Cheng L, Guo Y, Fu S, Hu J, Li X, Yu C, Wang H, Chen H, Li X, Fry EE, Stuart DI, Qian P, Lou Z, Rao Z Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Dec 18;115(51):13087-13092. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1814309115. Epub 2018 Dec 4. PMID:30514821[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Jinnin M, Medici D, Park L, Limaye N, Liu Y, Boscolo E, Bischoff J, Vikkula M, Boye E, Olsen BR. Suppressed NFAT-dependent VEGFR1 expression and constitutive VEGFR2 signaling in infantile hemangioma. Nat Med. 2008 Nov;14(11):1236-46. doi: 10.1038/nm.1877. Epub 2008 Oct 19. PMID:18931684 doi:10.1038/nm.1877
- ↑ Hotchkiss KA, Basile CM, Spring SC, Bonuccelli G, Lisanti MP, Terman BI. TEM8 expression stimulates endothelial cell adhesion and migration by regulating cell-matrix interactions on collagen. Exp Cell Res. 2005 Apr 15;305(1):133-44. PMID:15777794 doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.12.025
- ↑ Werner E, Kowalczyk AP, Faundez V. Anthrax toxin receptor 1/tumor endothelium marker 8 mediates cell spreading by coupling extracellular ligands to the actin cytoskeleton. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):23227-36. Epub 2006 Jun 8. PMID:16762926 doi:10.1074/jbc.M603676200
- ↑ Cao L, Zhang R, Liu T, Sun Z, Hu M, Sun Y, Cheng L, Guo Y, Fu S, Hu J, Li X, Yu C, Wang H, Chen H, Li X, Fry EE, Stuart DI, Qian P, Lou Z, Rao Z. Seneca Valley virus attachment and uncoating mediated by its receptor anthrax toxin receptor 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Dec 18;115(51):13087-13092. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1814309115. Epub 2018 Dec 4. PMID:30514821 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1814309115
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