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Publication Abstract from PubMed

N-nitrosation of glycine and its derivatives generates potent alkylating agents that can lead to the formation of O6-carboxymethylguanine (O6-CMG) in DNA. O6-CMG has been identified in DNA derived from human colon tissue, and its occurrence has been linked to diets high in red and processed meats. By analogy to O6-methylguanine, O6-CMG is expected to be highly mutagenic, inducing G to A mutations during DNA replication that can increase the risk of gastrointestinal and other cancers. Two crystal structures of DNA dodecamers d(CGCG[O6-CMG]ATTCGCG) and d(CGC[O6-CMG]AATTCGCG) in complex with Hoechst33258 reveal that each can form a self-complementary duplex to retain the B-form conformation. Electron density maps clearly show that O6-CMG forms a Watson-Crick-type pair with thymine similar to the canonical A:T pair, and it forms a reversed wobble pair with cytosine. In situ structural modeling suggests that a DNA polymerase can accept the Watson-Crick-type pair of O6-CMG with thymine, but might also accept the reversed wobble pair of O6-CMG with cytosine. Thus, O6-CMG would permit the mis-incorporation of dTTP during DNA replication. Alternatively, the triphosphate that would be formed by carboxymethylation of the nucleotide triphosphate pool d[O6-CMG]TP might compete with dATP incorporation opposite thymine in a DNA template.

Structures of DNA duplexes containing O6-carboxymethylguanine, a lesion associated with gastrointestinal cancer, reveal a mechanism for inducing pyrimidine transition mutations.,Zhang F, Tsunoda M, Suzuki K, Kikuchi Y, Wilkinson O, Millington CL, Margison GP, Williams DM, Czarina Morishita E, Takenaka A Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Apr 10. PMID:23580550^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.