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| | ==Structure of the human GluN1/GluN2A LBD in complex with GNE3419== | | ==Structure of the human GluN1/GluN2A LBD in complex with GNE3419== |
| - | <StructureSection load='5h8h' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5h8h]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.23Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='5h8h' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5h8h]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.23Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5h8h]] is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5H8H OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5H8H FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5h8h]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5H8H OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5H8H FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=5YC:7-[[ETHYL(PHENYL)AMINO]METHYL]-2-METHYL-[1,3,4]THIADIAZOLO[3,2-A]PYRIMIDIN-5-ONE'>5YC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLY:GLYCINE'>GLY</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.23Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[5h8f|5h8f]], [[5h8n|5h8n]], [[5h8q|5h8q]], [[5h8r|5h8r]], [[5h8s|5h8s]]</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=5YC:7-[[ETHYL(PHENYL)AMINO]METHYL]-2-METHYL-[1,3,4]THIADIAZOLO[3,2-A]PYRIMIDIN-5-ONE'>5YC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLY:GLYCINE'>GLY</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5h8h FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5h8h OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5h8h PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5h8h RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5h8h PDBsum]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5h8h FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5h8h OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5h8h PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5h8h RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5h8h PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5h8h ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NMDE1_HUMAN NMDE1_HUMAN]] Landau-Kleffner syndrome;Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation;Continuous spikes and waves during sleep;Rolandic epilepsy;Rolandic epilepsy - speech dyspraxia. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. A chromosomal aberration involving GRIN2A has been found in a family with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental defects. Translocation t(16;17)(p13.2;q11.2). GRIN2A somatic mutations have been frequently found in cutaneous malignant melanoma, suggesting that the glutamate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of melanoma.<ref>PMID:21499247</ref> <ref>PMID:24455489</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NMDZ1_HUMAN NMDZ1_HUMAN]] Defects in GRIN1 are the cause of mental retardation autosomal dominant type 8 (MRD8) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/614254 614254]]. Mental retardation is characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period.<ref>PMID:21376300</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NMDE1_HUMAN NMDE1_HUMAN] Landau-Kleffner syndrome;Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation;Continuous spikes and waves during sleep;Rolandic epilepsy;Rolandic epilepsy - speech dyspraxia. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. A chromosomal aberration involving GRIN2A has been found in a family with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental defects. Translocation t(16;17)(p13.2;q11.2). GRIN2A somatic mutations have been frequently found in cutaneous malignant melanoma, suggesting that the glutamate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of melanoma.<ref>PMID:21499247</ref> <ref>PMID:24455489</ref> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NMDE1_HUMAN NMDE1_HUMAN]] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Activation requires binding of agonist to both types of subunits. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NMDZ1_HUMAN NMDZ1_HUMAN]] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. This protein plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning. It mediates neuronal functions in glutamate neurotransmission. Is involved in the cell surface targeting of NMDA receptors (By similarity). | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NMDE1_HUMAN NMDE1_HUMAN] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Activation requires binding of agonist to both types of subunits. |
| | + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
| | + | To enhance physiological function of NMDA receptors (NMDARs), we identified positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of NMDARs with selectivity for GluN2A subunit-containing receptors. X-ray crystallography revealed a binding site at the GluN1-GluN2A dimer interface of the extracellular ligand-binding domains (LBDs). Despite the similarity between the LBDs of NMDARs and AMPA receptors (AMPARs), GluN2A PAMs with good selectivity against AMPARs were identified. Potentiation was observed with recombinant triheteromeric GluN1/GluN2A/GluN2B NMDARs and with synaptically activated NMDARs in brain slices from wild-type (WT), but not GluN2A knockout (KO), mice. Individual GluN2A PAMs exhibited variable degrees of glutamate (Glu) dependence, impact on NMDAR Glu EC50, and slowing of channel deactivation. These distinct PAMs also exhibited differential impacts during synaptic plasticity induction. The identification of a new NMDAR modulatory site and characterization of GluN2A-selective PAMs provide powerful molecular tools to dissect NMDAR function and demonstrate the feasibility of a therapeutically desirable type of NMDAR enhancement. |
| | + | |
| | + | Positive Allosteric Modulators of GluN2A-Containing NMDARs with Distinct Modes of Action and Impacts on Circuit Function.,Hackos DH, Lupardus PJ, Grand T, Chen Y, Wang TM, Reynen P, Gustafson A, Wallweber HJ, Volgraf M, Sellers BD, Schwarz JB, Paoletti P, Sheng M, Zhou Q, Hanson JE Neuron. 2016 Mar 2;89(5):983-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.016. Epub 2016 Feb, 11. PMID:26875626<ref>PMID:26875626</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
| | + | </div> |
| | + | <div class="pdbe-citations 5h8h" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[Glutamate receptor 3D structures|Glutamate receptor 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Lupardus, P J]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Wallweber, H J.A]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Glun1]] | + | [[Category: Lupardus PJ]] |
| - | [[Category: Glun2a]] | + | [[Category: Wallweber HJA]] |
| - | [[Category: Nmda]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Receptor]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Transport protein]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
5h8h is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Method: | X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.23Å |
| Ligands: | , , , , |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Disease
NMDE1_HUMAN Landau-Kleffner syndrome;Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation;Continuous spikes and waves during sleep;Rolandic epilepsy;Rolandic epilepsy - speech dyspraxia. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. A chromosomal aberration involving GRIN2A has been found in a family with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental defects. Translocation t(16;17)(p13.2;q11.2). GRIN2A somatic mutations have been frequently found in cutaneous malignant melanoma, suggesting that the glutamate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of melanoma.[1] [2]
Function
NMDE1_HUMAN NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Activation requires binding of agonist to both types of subunits.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
To enhance physiological function of NMDA receptors (NMDARs), we identified positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of NMDARs with selectivity for GluN2A subunit-containing receptors. X-ray crystallography revealed a binding site at the GluN1-GluN2A dimer interface of the extracellular ligand-binding domains (LBDs). Despite the similarity between the LBDs of NMDARs and AMPA receptors (AMPARs), GluN2A PAMs with good selectivity against AMPARs were identified. Potentiation was observed with recombinant triheteromeric GluN1/GluN2A/GluN2B NMDARs and with synaptically activated NMDARs in brain slices from wild-type (WT), but not GluN2A knockout (KO), mice. Individual GluN2A PAMs exhibited variable degrees of glutamate (Glu) dependence, impact on NMDAR Glu EC50, and slowing of channel deactivation. These distinct PAMs also exhibited differential impacts during synaptic plasticity induction. The identification of a new NMDAR modulatory site and characterization of GluN2A-selective PAMs provide powerful molecular tools to dissect NMDAR function and demonstrate the feasibility of a therapeutically desirable type of NMDAR enhancement.
Positive Allosteric Modulators of GluN2A-Containing NMDARs with Distinct Modes of Action and Impacts on Circuit Function.,Hackos DH, Lupardus PJ, Grand T, Chen Y, Wang TM, Reynen P, Gustafson A, Wallweber HJ, Volgraf M, Sellers BD, Schwarz JB, Paoletti P, Sheng M, Zhou Q, Hanson JE Neuron. 2016 Mar 2;89(5):983-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.016. Epub 2016 Feb, 11. PMID:26875626[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Wei X, Walia V, Lin JC, Teer JK, Prickett TD, Gartner J, Davis S, Stemke-Hale K, Davies MA, Gershenwald JE, Robinson W, Robinson S, Rosenberg SA, Samuels Y. Exome sequencing identifies GRIN2A as frequently mutated in melanoma. Nat Genet. 2011 May;43(5):442-6. doi: 10.1038/ng.810. Epub 2011 Apr 15. PMID:21499247 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.810
- ↑ D'mello SA, Flanagan JU, Green TN, Leung EY, Askarian-Amiri ME, Joseph WR, McCrystal MR, Isaacs RJ, Shaw JH, Furneaux CE, During MJ, Finlay GJ, Baguley BC, Kalev-Zylinska ML. Evidence That GRIN2A Mutations in Melanoma Correlate with Decreased Survival. Front Oncol. 2014 Jan 13;3:333. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00333. eCollection 2014, Jan 13. PMID:24455489 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00333
- ↑ Hackos DH, Lupardus PJ, Grand T, Chen Y, Wang TM, Reynen P, Gustafson A, Wallweber HJ, Volgraf M, Sellers BD, Schwarz JB, Paoletti P, Sheng M, Zhou Q, Hanson JE. Positive Allosteric Modulators of GluN2A-Containing NMDARs with Distinct Modes of Action and Impacts on Circuit Function. Neuron. 2016 Mar 2;89(5):983-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.016. Epub 2016 Feb, 11. PMID:26875626 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.016
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