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| | ==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN RETINOID X RECEPTOR ALPHA-LIGAND BINDING DOMAIN COMPLEX WITH (R)4-METHYL 9cUAB30 AND COACTIVATOR PEPTIDE GRIP-1== | | ==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN RETINOID X RECEPTOR ALPHA-LIGAND BINDING DOMAIN COMPLEX WITH (R)4-METHYL 9cUAB30 AND COACTIVATOR PEPTIDE GRIP-1== |
| - | <StructureSection load='4m8h' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4m8h]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='4m8h' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4m8h]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4m8h]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4M8H OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4M8H FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4m8h]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4M8H OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4M8H FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=R4M:(2E,6Z,8E)-3,7-DIMETHYL-8-[(4R)-4-METHYL-3,4-DIHYDRONAPHTHALEN-1(2H)-YLIDENE]OCTA-2,6-DIENOIC+ACID'>R4M</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3oap|3oap]], [[4k4j|4k4j]], [[4m8e|4m8e]]</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=R4M:(2E,6Z,8E)-3,7-DIMETHYL-8-[(4R)-4-METHYL-3,4-DIHYDRONAPHTHALEN-1(2H)-YLIDENE]OCTA-2,6-DIENOIC+ACID'>R4M</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">NR2B1, RXRA ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4m8h FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4m8h OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4m8h PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4m8h RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4m8h PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4m8h ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4m8h FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4m8h OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4m8h PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4m8h RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4m8h PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4m8h ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| - | == Disease == | |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA2_HUMAN NCOA2_HUMAN]] Note=Chromosomal aberrations involving NCOA2 may be a cause of acute myeloid leukemias. Inversion inv(8)(p11;q13) generates the KAT6A-NCOA2 oncogene, which consists of the N-terminal part of KAT6A and the C-terminal part of NCOA2/TIF2. KAT6A-NCOA2 binds to CREBBP and disrupts its function in transcription activation. | |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RXRA_HUMAN RXRA_HUMAN]] Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.<ref>PMID:10195690</ref> <ref>PMID:11162439</ref> <ref>PMID:11915042</ref> <ref>PMID:20215566</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA2_HUMAN NCOA2_HUMAN]] Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Coactivator of the steroid binding domain (AF-2) but not of the modulating N-terminal domain (AF-1). Required with NCOA1 to control energy balance between white and brown adipose tissues.<ref>PMID:9430642</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RXRA_HUMAN RXRA_HUMAN] Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.<ref>PMID:10195690</ref> <ref>PMID:11162439</ref> <ref>PMID:11915042</ref> <ref>PMID:20215566</ref> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
| - | *[[Retinoid X receptor|Retinoid X receptor]] | + | *[[Retinoid X receptor 3D structures|Retinoid X receptor 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Muccio, D D]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Smith, C D]] | + | [[Category: Muccio DD]] |
| - | [[Category: Xia, G]] | + | [[Category: Smith CD]] |
| - | [[Category: 7-dimethyl-2]] | + | [[Category: Xia G]] |
| - | [[Category: Activation function]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Antiparallel sandwich]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Cancer]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Coactivator binding]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Coactivator binding site]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Dimerization]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ligand binding]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ligand binding domain]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ligand binding pocket]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Nuclear receptor]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Transcription]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
RXRA_HUMAN Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.[1] [2] [3] [4]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
(2E,4E,6Z,8Z)-8-(3',4'-Dihydro-1'(2H)-naphthalen-1'-ylidene)-3,7-dimethyl-2,3,6-o ctatrienoinic acid, 9cUAB30, is a selective rexinoid for the retinoid X nuclear receptors (RXR). 9cUAB30 displays substantial chemopreventive capacity with little toxicity and is being translated to the clinic as a novel cancer prevention agent. To improve on the potency of 9cUAB30, we synthesized 4-methyl analogs of 9cUAB30, which introduced chirality at the 4-position of the tetralone ring. The syntheses and biological evaluations of the racemic homolog and enantiomers are reported. We demonstrate that the S-enantiomer is the most potent and least toxic even though these enantiomers bind in a similar conformation in the ligand binding domain of RXR.
Methyl-substituted conformationally constrained rexinoid agonists for the retinoid X receptors demonstrate improved efficacy for cancer therapy and prevention.,Desphande A, Xia G, Boerma LJ, Vines KK, Atigadda VR, Lobo-Ruppert S, Grubbs CJ, Moeinpour FL, Smith CD, Christov K, Brouillette WJ, Muccio DD Bioorg Med Chem. 2014 Jan 1;22(1):178-85. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.039. Epub, 2013 Dec 1. PMID:24359708[5]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Gorla-Bajszczak A, Juge-Aubry C, Pernin A, Burger AG, Meier CA. Conserved amino acids in the ligand-binding and tau(i) domains of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha are necessary for heterodimerization with RXR. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1999 Jan 25;147(1-2):37-47. PMID:10195690
- ↑ Harish S, Ashok MS, Khanam T, Rangarajan PN. Serine 27, a human retinoid X receptor alpha residue, phosphorylated by protein kinase A is essential for cyclicAMP-mediated downregulation of RXRalpha function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 29;279(3):853-7. PMID:11162439 doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.4043
- ↑ Tsutsumi T, Suzuki T, Shimoike T, Suzuki R, Moriya K, Shintani Y, Fujie H, Matsuura Y, Koike K, Miyamura T. Interaction of hepatitis C virus core protein with retinoid X receptor alpha modulates its transcriptional activity. Hepatology. 2002 Apr;35(4):937-46. PMID:11915042 doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.32470
- ↑ Santos NC, Kim KH. Activity of retinoic acid receptor-alpha is directly regulated at its protein kinase A sites in response to follicle-stimulating hormone signaling. Endocrinology. 2010 May;151(5):2361-72. doi: 10.1210/en.2009-1338. Epub 2010 Mar , 9. PMID:20215566 doi:10.1210/en.2009-1338
- ↑ Desphande A, Xia G, Boerma LJ, Vines KK, Atigadda VR, Lobo-Ruppert S, Grubbs CJ, Moeinpour FL, Smith CD, Christov K, Brouillette WJ, Muccio DD. Methyl-substituted conformationally constrained rexinoid agonists for the retinoid X receptors demonstrate improved efficacy for cancer therapy and prevention. Bioorg Med Chem. 2014 Jan 1;22(1):178-85. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.039. Epub, 2013 Dec 1. PMID:24359708 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.039
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