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| | <StructureSection load='6dxe' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6dxe]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.61Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='6dxe' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6dxe]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.61Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6dxe]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arath Arath]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6DXE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6DXE FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6dxe]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabidopsis_thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6DXE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6DXE FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CSO:S-HYDROXYCYSTEINE'>CSO</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.608Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">CHS, TT4, At5g13930, MAC12.11, MAC12.14 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=3702 ARATH])</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CSO:S-HYDROXYCYSTEINE'>CSO</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naringenin-chalcone_synthase Naringenin-chalcone synthase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.3.1.74 2.3.1.74] </span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6dxe FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6dxe OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6dxe PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6dxe RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6dxe PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6dxe ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6dxe FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6dxe OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6dxe PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6dxe RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6dxe PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6dxe ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHSY_ARATH CHSY_ARATH]] The primary product of this enzyme is 4,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone (also termed naringenin-chalcone or chalcone) which can under specific conditions spontaneously isomerize into naringenin. | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHSY_ARATH CHSY_ARATH] The primary product of this enzyme is 4,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone (also termed naringenin-chalcone or chalcone) which can under specific conditions spontaneously isomerize into naringenin. |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | </div> | | </div> |
| | <div class="pdbe-citations 6dxe" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | | <div class="pdbe-citations 6dxe" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[Chalcone synthase|Chalcone synthase]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Arath]] | + | [[Category: Arabidopsis thaliana]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Naringenin-chalcone synthase]]
| + | [[Category: Chiang YC]] |
| - | [[Category: Chiang, Y C]] | + | [[Category: Liou G]] |
| - | [[Category: Liou, G]] | + | [[Category: Wang Y]] |
| - | [[Category: Wang, Y]] | + | [[Category: Weng JK]] |
| - | [[Category: Weng, J K]] | + | |
| - | [[Category: Flavonoid]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Polyketide synthase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Thiolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Transferase]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
CHSY_ARATH The primary product of this enzyme is 4,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone (also termed naringenin-chalcone or chalcone) which can under specific conditions spontaneously isomerize into naringenin.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Flavonoids are important polyphenolic natural products, ubiquitous in land plants, that play diverse functions in plants' survival in their ecological niches, including UV protection, pigmentation for attracting pollinators, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, and defense against herbivores. Chalcone synthase (CHS) catalyzes the first committed step in plant flavonoid biosynthesis and is highly conserved in all land plants. In several previously reported crystal structures of CHSs from flowering plants, the catalytic cysteine is oxidized to sulfinic acid, indicating enhanced nucleophilicity in this residue associated with its increased susceptibility to oxidation. In this study, we report a set of new crystal structures of CHSs representing all five major lineages of land plants (bryophytes, lycophytes, monilophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms), spanning 500 million years of evolution. We reveal that the structures of CHS from a lycophyte and a moss species preserve the catalytic cysteine in a reduced state, in contrast to the cysteine sulfinic acid seen in all euphyllophyte CHS structures. In vivo complementation, in vitro biochemical and mutagenesis analyses, and molecular dynamics simulations identified a set of residues that differ between basal-plant and euphyllophyte CHSs and modulate catalytic cysteine reactivity. We propose that the CHS active-site environment has evolved in euphyllophytes to further enhance the nucleophilicity of the catalytic cysteine since the divergence of euphyllophytes from other vascular plant lineages 400 million years ago. These changes in CHS could have contributed to the diversification of flavonoid biosynthesis in euphyllophytes, which in turn contributed to their dominance in terrestrial ecosystems.
Mechanistic basis for the evolution of chalcone synthase catalytic cysteine reactivity in land plants.,Liou G, Chiang YC, Wang Y, Weng JK J Biol Chem. 2018 Oct 5. pii: RA118.005695. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005695. PMID:30291143[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Liou G, Chiang YC, Wang Y, Weng JK. Mechanistic basis for the evolution of chalcone synthase catalytic cysteine reactivity in land plants. J Biol Chem. 2018 Oct 5. pii: RA118.005695. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005695. PMID:30291143 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA118.005695
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