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Publication Abstract from PubMed

The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-specific animal lectins, and have attracted much attention as novel regulators of the immune system. Galectin-10 is well-expressed in eosinophils, and spontaneously forms Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs), during prolonged eosinophilic inflammatory reactions, which are frequently observed in eosinophilic diseases. Although biochemical and structural characterizations of galectin-10 have been done, its biological role and molecular mechanism are still unclear, and few X-ray structures of galectin-10 in complex with monosaccharides/oligosaccharides have been reported. Here, X-ray structures of galectin-10 in complexes with seven monosaccharides are presented with biochemical analyses to detect interactions of galectin-10 with monosaccharides/oligosaccharides. Galectin-10 forms a homo-dimer in the face-to-face orientation, and the monosaccharides bind to the carbohydrate recognition site composed of amino acid residues from two galectin-10 molecules of dimers, suggesting that galectin-10 dimer likely captures the monosaccharides in solution and in vivo. d-Glucose, d-allose, d-arabinose, and D-N-acetylgalactosamine bind to the interfaces between galectin-10 dimers in crystals, and they affect the stability of molecular packing in crystals, leading to easy-dissolving of CLCs, and/or inhibiting the formation of CLCs. These monosaccharides may serve as effectors of G10 to form CLCs in vivo.

Structures of human galectin-10/monosaccharide complexes demonstrate potential of monosaccharides as effectors in forming Charcot-Leyden crystals.,Itoh A, Nonaka Y, Nakakita SI, Yoshida H, Nishi N, Nakamura T, Kamitori S Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Feb 17. pii: S0006-291X(20)30303-X. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.037. PMID:32081418^[2]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.