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1ttl
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| - | [[Image:1ttl.gif|left|200px]] | ||
| - | + | ==Omega-conotoxin GVIA, a N-type calcium channel blocker== | |
| - | + | <StructureSection load='1ttl' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1ttl]]' scene=''> | |
| - | + | == Structural highlights == | |
| - | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1ttl]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus_geographus Conus geographus]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1TTL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1TTL FirstGlance]. <br> | |
| - | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr> | |
| - | --> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HYP:4-HYDROXYPROLINE'>HYP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NH2:AMINO+GROUP'>NH2</scene></td></tr> |
| - | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1ttl FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1ttl OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1ttl PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1ttl RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1ttl PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1ttl ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | |
| - | + | </table> | |
| - | + | == Function == | |
| - | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O16A_CONGE O16A_CONGE] Omega-conotoxins act at presynaptic membranes, they bind and block voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav). This toxin blocks N-type calcium channels (Cav2.2/CACNA1B) with a high potency (it displaces [125I]GVIA with an IC(50)=3.7-38 pM) (PubMed:10938268, PubMed:11724570).<ref>PMID:10938268</ref> <ref>PMID:11724570</ref> | |
| - | + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | |
| - | == | + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
The omega-conotoxins from fish-hunting cone snails are potent inhibitors of voltage-gated calcium channels. The omega-conotoxins MVIIA and CVID are selective N-type calcium channel inhibitors with potential in the treatment of chronic pain. The beta and alpha(2)delta-1 auxiliary subunits influence the expression and characteristics of the alpha(1B) subunit of N-type channels and are differentially regulated in disease states, including pain. In this study, we examined the influence of these auxiliary subunits on the ability of the omega-conotoxins GVIA, MVIIA, CVID and analogues to inhibit peripheral and central forms of the rat N-type channels. Although the beta3 subunit had little influence on the on- and off-rates of omega-conotoxins, coexpression of alpha(2)delta with alpha(1B) significantly reduced on-rates and equilibrium inhibition at both the central and peripheral isoforms of the N-type channels. The alpha(2)delta also enhanced the selectivity of MVIIA, but not CVID, for the central isoform. Similar but less pronounced trends were also observed for N-type channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. The influence of alpha(2)delta was not affected by oocyte deglycosylation. The extent of recovery from the omega-conotoxin block was least for GVIA, intermediate for MVIIA, and almost complete for CVID. Application of a hyperpolarizing holding potential (-120 mV) did not significantly enhance the extent of CVID recovery. Interestingly, [R10K]MVIIA and [O10K]GVIA had greater recovery from the block, whereas [K10R]CVID had reduced recovery from the block, indicating that position 10 had an important influence on the extent of omega-conotoxin reversibility. Recovery from CVID block was reduced in the presence of alpha(2)delta in human embryonic kidney cells and in oocytes expressing alpha(1B-b). These results may have implications for the antinociceptive properties of omega-conotoxins, given that the alpha(2)delta subunit is up-regulated in certain pain states. | The omega-conotoxins from fish-hunting cone snails are potent inhibitors of voltage-gated calcium channels. The omega-conotoxins MVIIA and CVID are selective N-type calcium channel inhibitors with potential in the treatment of chronic pain. The beta and alpha(2)delta-1 auxiliary subunits influence the expression and characteristics of the alpha(1B) subunit of N-type channels and are differentially regulated in disease states, including pain. In this study, we examined the influence of these auxiliary subunits on the ability of the omega-conotoxins GVIA, MVIIA, CVID and analogues to inhibit peripheral and central forms of the rat N-type channels. Although the beta3 subunit had little influence on the on- and off-rates of omega-conotoxins, coexpression of alpha(2)delta with alpha(1B) significantly reduced on-rates and equilibrium inhibition at both the central and peripheral isoforms of the N-type channels. The alpha(2)delta also enhanced the selectivity of MVIIA, but not CVID, for the central isoform. Similar but less pronounced trends were also observed for N-type channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. The influence of alpha(2)delta was not affected by oocyte deglycosylation. The extent of recovery from the omega-conotoxin block was least for GVIA, intermediate for MVIIA, and almost complete for CVID. Application of a hyperpolarizing holding potential (-120 mV) did not significantly enhance the extent of CVID recovery. Interestingly, [R10K]MVIIA and [O10K]GVIA had greater recovery from the block, whereas [K10R]CVID had reduced recovery from the block, indicating that position 10 had an important influence on the extent of omega-conotoxin reversibility. Recovery from CVID block was reduced in the presence of alpha(2)delta in human embryonic kidney cells and in oocytes expressing alpha(1B-b). These results may have implications for the antinociceptive properties of omega-conotoxins, given that the alpha(2)delta subunit is up-regulated in certain pain states. | ||
| - | + | The alpha2delta auxiliary subunit reduces affinity of omega-conotoxins for recombinant N-type (Cav2.2) calcium channels.,Mould J, Yasuda T, Schroeder CI, Beedle AM, Doering CJ, Zamponi GW, Adams DJ, Lewis RJ J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34705-14. Epub 2004 May 27. PMID:15166237<ref>PMID:15166237</ref> | |
| - | + | ||
| - | + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | |
| - | + | </div> | |
| + | <div class="pdbe-citations 1ttl" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | ||
| + | == References == | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
| + | __TOC__ | ||
| + | </StructureSection> | ||
[[Category: Conus geographus]] | [[Category: Conus geographus]] | ||
| - | [[Category: | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Adams | + | [[Category: Adams DJ]] |
| - | [[Category: Beedle | + | [[Category: Beedle AM]] |
| - | [[Category: Doering | + | [[Category: Doering CJ]] |
| - | [[Category: Lewis | + | [[Category: Lewis RJ]] |
| - | [[Category: Mould | + | [[Category: Mould J]] |
| - | [[Category: Schroeder | + | [[Category: Schroeder CI]] |
| - | [[Category: Yasuda | + | [[Category: Yasuda T]] |
| - | [[Category: Zamponi | + | [[Category: Zamponi GW]] |
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Current revision
Omega-conotoxin GVIA, a N-type calcium channel blocker
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Categories: Conus geographus | Large Structures | Adams DJ | Beedle AM | Doering CJ | Lewis RJ | Mould J | Schroeder CI | Yasuda T | Zamponi GW
