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| - | [[Image:1osh.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1osh" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" | |
| - | caption="1osh, resolution 1.80Å" /> | |
| - | '''A Chemical, Genetic, and Structural Analysis of the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR'''<br /> | |
| | | | |
| - | ==Overview== | + | ==A Chemical, Genetic, and Structural Analysis of the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR== |
| - | The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) functions as a bile acid (BA) sensor coordinating cholesterol metabolism, lipid homeostasis, and absorption of dietary fats and vitamins. However, BAs are poor reagents for characterizing FXR functions due to multiple receptor independent properties. Accordingly, using combinatorial chemistry we evolved a small molecule agonist termed fexaramine with 100-fold increased affinity relative to natural compounds. Gene-profiling experiments conducted in hepatocytes with FXR-specific fexaramine versus the primary BA chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) produced remarkably distinct genomic targets. Highly diffracting cocrystals (1.78 A) of fexaramine bound to the ligand binding domain of FXR revealed the agonist sequestered in a 726 A(3) hydrophobic cavity and suggest a mechanistic basis for the initial step in the BA signaling pathway. The discovery of fexaramine will allow us to unravel the FXR genetic network from the BA network and selectively manipulate components of the cholesterol pathway that may be useful in treating cholesterol-related human diseases.
| + | <StructureSection load='1osh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1osh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80Å' scene=''> |
| | + | == Structural highlights == |
| | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1osh]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1OSH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1OSH FirstGlance]. <br> |
| | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.8Å</td></tr> |
| | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FEX:METHYL+3-{3-[(CYCLOHEXYLCARBONYL){[4-(DIMETHYLAMINO)BIPHENYL-4-YL]METHYL}AMINO]PHENYL}ACRYLATE'>FEX</scene></td></tr> |
| | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1osh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1osh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1osh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1osh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1osh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1osh ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | + | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NR1H4_HUMAN NR1H4_HUMAN] Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor for bile acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid. Represses the transcription of the cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A1) through the induction of NR0B2 or FGF19 expression, via two distinct mechanisms. Activates the intestinal bile acid-binding protein (IBABP). Activates the transcription of bile salt export pump ABCB11 by directly recruiting histone methyltransferase CARM1 to this locus.<ref>PMID:10334992</ref> <ref>PMID:10334993</ref> <ref>PMID:12815072</ref> <ref>PMID:15471871</ref> <ref>PMID:12718892</ref> <ref>PMID:18621523</ref> <ref>PMID:19410460</ref> <ref>PMID:19586769</ref> |
| | + | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | + | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
| | + | Check<jmol> |
| | + | <jmolCheckbox> |
| | + | <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/os/1osh_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked> |
| | + | <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked> |
| | + | <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text> |
| | + | </jmolCheckbox> |
| | + | </jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1osh ConSurf]. |
| | + | <div style="clear:both"></div> |
| | | | |
| - | ==Disease== | + | ==See Also== |
| - | Known disease associated with this structure: Breast cancer, susceptibility to OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=601593 601593]]
| + | *[[Bile acid receptor 3D structures|Bile acid receptor 3D structures]] |
| - | | + | == References == |
| - | ==About this Structure== | + | <references/> |
| - | 1OSH is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with <scene name='pdbligand=FEX:'>FEX</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1OSH OCA].
| + | __TOC__ |
| - | | + | </StructureSection> |
| - | ==Reference==
| + | |
| - | A chemical, genetic, and structural analysis of the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR., Downes M, Verdecia MA, Roecker AJ, Hughes R, Hogenesch JB, Kast-Woelbern HR, Bowman ME, Ferrer JL, Anisfeld AM, Edwards PA, Rosenfeld JM, Alvarez JG, Noel JP, Nicolaou KC, Evans RM, Mol Cell. 2003 Apr;11(4):1079-92. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=12718892 12718892]
| + | |
| | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] | | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Single protein]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Alvarez, J G.A.]] | + | [[Category: Alvarez JGA]] |
| - | [[Category: Anisfeld, A M.]] | + | [[Category: Anisfeld AM]] |
| - | [[Category: Bowman, M E.]] | + | [[Category: Bowman ME]] |
| - | [[Category: Downes, M.]] | + | [[Category: Downes M]] |
| - | [[Category: Edwards, P A.]] | + | [[Category: Edwards PA]] |
| - | [[Category: Evans, R M.]] | + | [[Category: Evans RM]] |
| - | [[Category: Ferrer, J L.]] | + | [[Category: Ferrer J-L]] |
| - | [[Category: Hogenesch, J B.]] | + | [[Category: Hogenesch JB]] |
| - | [[Category: Hughes, R.]] | + | [[Category: Hughes R]] |
| - | [[Category: Kast-Woelbern, H R.]] | + | [[Category: Kast-Woelbern HR]] |
| - | [[Category: Nicolaou, K C.]] | + | [[Category: Nicolaou KC]] |
| - | [[Category: Noel, J P.]] | + | [[Category: Noel JP]] |
| - | [[Category: Roecker, A J.]] | + | [[Category: Roecker AJ]] |
| - | [[Category: Rosenfeld, J M.]] | + | [[Category: Rosenfeld JM]] |
| - | [[Category: Verdecia, M A.]] | + | [[Category: Verdecia MA]] |
| - | [[Category: FEX]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: ligand binding domain]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: nuclear receptor]]
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 14:21:08 2008''
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
NR1H4_HUMAN Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor for bile acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid. Represses the transcription of the cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A1) through the induction of NR0B2 or FGF19 expression, via two distinct mechanisms. Activates the intestinal bile acid-binding protein (IBABP). Activates the transcription of bile salt export pump ABCB11 by directly recruiting histone methyltransferase CARM1 to this locus.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
See Also
References
- ↑ Makishima M, Okamoto AY, Repa JJ, Tu H, Learned RM, Luk A, Hull MV, Lustig KD, Mangelsdorf DJ, Shan B. Identification of a nuclear receptor for bile acids. Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1362-5. PMID:10334992
- ↑ Parks DJ, Blanchard SG, Bledsoe RK, Chandra G, Consler TG, Kliewer SA, Stimmel JB, Willson TM, Zavacki AM, Moore DD, Lehmann JM. Bile acids: natural ligands for an orphan nuclear receptor. Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1365-8. PMID:10334993
- ↑ Holt JA, Luo G, Billin AN, Bisi J, McNeill YY, Kozarsky KF, Donahee M, Wang DY, Mansfield TA, Kliewer SA, Goodwin B, Jones SA. Definition of a novel growth factor-dependent signal cascade for the suppression of bile acid biosynthesis. Genes Dev. 2003 Jul 1;17(13):1581-91. Epub 2003 Jun 18. PMID:12815072 doi:10.1101/gad.1083503
- ↑ Ananthanarayanan M, Li S, Balasubramaniyan N, Suchy FJ, Walsh MJ. Ligand-dependent activation of the farnesoid X-receptor directs arginine methylation of histone H3 by CARM1. J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 24;279(52):54348-57. Epub 2004 Oct 6. PMID:15471871 doi:M410021200
- ↑ Downes M, Verdecia MA, Roecker AJ, Hughes R, Hogenesch JB, Kast-Woelbern HR, Bowman ME, Ferrer JL, Anisfeld AM, Edwards PA, Rosenfeld JM, Alvarez JG, Noel JP, Nicolaou KC, Evans RM. A chemical, genetic, and structural analysis of the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR. Mol Cell. 2003 Apr;11(4):1079-92. PMID:12718892
- ↑ Akwabi-Ameyaw A, Bass JY, Caldwell RD, Caravella JA, Chen L, Creech KL, Deaton DN, Jones SA, Kaldor I, Liu Y, Madauss KP, Marr HB, McFadyen RB, Miller AB, Iii FN, Parks DJ, Spearing PK, Todd D, Williams SP, Wisely GB. Conformationally constrained farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists: Naphthoic acid-based analogs of GW 4064. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Aug 1;18(15):4339-43. Epub 2008 Jun 28. PMID:18621523 doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.073
- ↑ Bass JY, Caldwell RD, Caravella JA, Chen L, Creech KL, Deaton DN, Madauss KP, Marr HB, McFadyen RB, Miller AB, Parks DJ, Todd D, Williams SP, Wisely GB. Substituted isoxazole analogs of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist GW4064. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jun 1;19(11):2969-73. Epub 2009 Apr 18. PMID:19410460 doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.047
- ↑ Akwabi-Ameyaw A, Bass JY, Caldwell RD, Caravella JA, Chen L, Creech KL, Deaton DN, Madauss KP, Marr HB, McFadyen RB, Miller AB, Navas F 3rd, Parks DJ, Spearing PK, Todd D, Williams SP, Bruce Wisely G. FXR agonist activity of conformationally constrained analogs of GW 4064. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Aug 15;19(16):4733-9. Epub 2009 Jun 21. PMID:19586769 doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.062
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