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1akg

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ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS

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Categories: Conus pennaceus | Large Structures | Hu S-H | Martin JL

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-[[Image:1akg.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1akg" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
-caption="1akg, resolution 1.1&Aring;" />
-'''ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS'''<br />
-==Overview==
+==ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS==
-Two mollusc-specific neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the, molluscivorous snail Conus pennaceus are described. These new toxins block, acetylcholine receptors (AChR) of cultured Aplysia neurons. Bath, application of 0.5-1 microM toxin induces 5-10-mV membrane depolarization, which recovers to the control level within 1-3 min in the presence of the, toxin. This response is blocked by 1 mM hexamethonium. Concomitantly with, the transient depolarization, the toxins block approximately 90% of the, depolarizing responses evoked by brief iontophoretic application of, acetylcholine. The pharmacology and amino acid sequences of the toxins, (alpha PnIA, GCCSLPPCAANNPDYC-NH2; alpha PnIB, GCCSLPPCALSNPDYC-NH2), enable their classification as novel alpha-conotoxins. The sequences, differ from those of previously described alpha-conotoxins in a number of, features, the most striking of which is the presence of a single, negatively charged residue in the C-terminal loop. This loop contains a, positively charged residue in piscivorous venom alpha-conotoxins. In, contrast to other alpha-conotoxins, which are selective for vertebrate, skeletal muscle nicotinic ACh receptors, these Conus pennaceus toxins, block neuronal ACh receptors in molluscs. As such they are new probes, which can be used to define subtypes of ACh receptors, and they should be, useful tools in the study of structure-function relationships in ACh, receptors.
+<StructureSection load='1akg' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1akg]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.10&Aring;' scene=''>
+== Structural highlights ==
-==About this Structure==
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1akg]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus_pennaceus Conus pennaceus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1AKG OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1AKG FirstGlance]. <br>
-AKG is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus_pennaceus Conus pennaceus] with NH2 as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1AKG OCA].
+</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.1&#8491;</td></tr>
+<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NH2:AMINO+GROUP'>NH2</scene></td></tr>
-==Reference==
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1akg FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1akg OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1akg PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1akg RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1akg PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1akg ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
-New mollusc-specific alpha-conotoxins block Aplysia neuronal acetylcholine receptors., Fainzilber M, Hasson A, Oren R, Burlingame AL, Gordon D, Spira ME, Zlotkin E, Biochemistry. 1994 Aug 16;33(32):9523-9. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=8068627 8068627]
+</table>
+== Function ==
+[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CA1B_CONPE CA1B_CONPE] Alpha-conotoxins act on postsynaptic membranes, they bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and thus inhibit them. This toxin blocks mammalian nAChRs (alpha-7 > alpha-3/beta-2).<ref>PMID:10545176</ref>
+== References ==
+<references/>
+__TOC__
+</StructureSection>
 [[Category: Conus pennaceus]]
-[[Category: Single protein]]
+[[Category: Large Structures]]
-[[Category: Hu, S.H.]]
+[[Category: Hu S-H]]
-[[Category: Martin, J.L.]]
+[[Category: Martin JL]]
-[[Category: NH2]]
-[[Category: acetylcholine receptor antagonist]]
-[[Category: alpha-conotoxin]]
-[[Category: crystal structure]]
-''Page seeded by [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Tue Nov 20 10:55:28 2007''

1akg

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ALPHA-CONOTOXIN PNIB FROM CONUS PENNACEUS

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