Lactoperoxidase

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{{STRUCTURE_2ips| PDB=2ips | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Heme containing glycosylated bovine lactoperoxidase complex with carbonate, thiocyanate, calcium (green) and iodide (purple) ions [[2ips]] }}
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<StructureSection load='3eri' size='350' side='right' caption='Glycosylated bovine lactoferrin containing heme complex with thiocyanate, I- (purple) and Ca+2 (green) ions (PDB entry [[3eri]])' scene='48/487283/Cv/1'>
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== Function ==
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'''Lactoperoxidase''' (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate, bromide and iodide using hydrogen peroxide. LPO is the second most abundant enzyme in milk. Heme is the cofactor of LPO. LPO contains a strongly-chelated calcium ion<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>.
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== Relevance ==
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The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the LPO reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>. LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions.
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== Structural highlights ==
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The <scene name='48/487283/Cv/6'>peroxidation of thiocyanate catalyzed by LPO occurs at the heme cavity site</scene><ref>PMID:19339248</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres. <scene name='48/487283/Cv/7'>Whole active site</scene>.
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'''Lactoperoxidase''' (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate, bromide and iodide using hydrogen peroxide. The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents. LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions. LPO is the second most abundant enzyme in milk. Heme is the cofactor of LPO. LPO contains a strongly-chelated calcium ion.
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</StructureSection>
==3D structures of lactoperoxidase==
==3D structures of lactoperoxidase==
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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'''Lactoperoxidase binary complex'''
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*Lactoperoxidase binary complex
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[[2pt3]] - bPLO + phosphate - bovine<br />
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**[[2pt3]] - bPLO + phosphate - bovine<br />
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[[2nqx]] – bPLO + I<br />
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**[[2nqx]], [[5b72]] – bPLO + I<br />
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[[2r5l]] – gLPO + I – goat<br />
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**[[7dlq]] – bPLO + H2O2<br />
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[[3nak]] – gLPO + formate<br />
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**[[2r5l]] – gLPO + I – goat<br />
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[[4ig5]] – gLPO + methimazole<br />
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**[[3nak]] – gLPO + formate<br />
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**[[6ky7]], [[7c73]], [[7c74]], [[7c75]], [[7d52]], [[7dao]], [[7de5]], [[7dmr]] – yPLO + Ca - yak<br />
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**[[7c74]] - yLPO + Cl <br />
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**[[6l32]], [[6l42]], [[7d52]], [[6l5g]], [[7c75]] - yLPO + Zn <br />
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**[[6lqw]], [[7y3u]] – yPLO + H2O2<br />
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**[[7c73]] – yPLO + phosphoserine<br />
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'''Lactoperoxidase ternary complex'''
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*Lactoperoxidase ternary complex
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[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate <br />
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**[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]], [[6a4y]], [[9m0i]], [[6m7e]], [[7dn7]] – bLPO + SCN + I<br />
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[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]] – bLPO + SCN + I<br />
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**[[2qrb]] – bLPO + SCN + Cl<br />
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[[2qrb]] – bLPO + SCN + Cl<br />
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**[[3bxi]] – bLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
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[[3bxi]] – bLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
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**[[4pnx]] - bPLO + bromomethane + I<br />
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[[4pnx]] - bPLO + bromomethane + I<br />
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**[[2pum]] – bPLO + catechol + I<br />
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[[2pum]] – bPLO + catechol + I<br />
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**[[3krq]] – bLPO + amino-triazole + I<br />
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[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate <br />
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**[[6kmk]] – bPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine<br />
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[[3krq]] – bLPO + amino-triazole + I<br />
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**[[7dlq]], [[7dn6]] – bPLO + H2O2 + I<br />
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[[2z5z]] – wbPLO + F + I – water buffalo<br />
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**[[2z5z]] – wbPLO + F + I – water buffalo<br />
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[[2o86]] – wbPLO + nitrate + I<br />
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**[[2o86]] – wbPLO + nitrate + I<br />
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[[3erh]] - wbLPO + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3erh]] - wbLPO + SCN + I<br />
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[[2ojv ]]– gPLO + CN + I<br />
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**[[7de5]] - yLPO + SCN + I<br />
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[[3n8f]] - gLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
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**[[2ojv]] – gPLO + CN + I<br />
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[[3niu]] – gLPO + diethylene glycol + phosphate<br />
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**[[3n8f]] - gLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
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[[3rke]] - gPLO + inhibitor + I<br />
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**[[5ff1]] - gLPO + methimazole + nitrate<br />
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[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep
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**[[5hpw]] - gLPO + propyl-thiouracil + nitrate<br />
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**[[3niu]] – gLPO + diethylene glycol + phosphate<br />
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**[[3rke]] - gPLO + inhibitor + I<br />
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**[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep<br />
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**[[7ve3]] - sLPO + hypoiodite + I<br />
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'''Lactoperoxidase quaternary complex'''
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*Lactoperoxidase quaternary complex
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[[3gcj]], [[2qpk]] - bPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3gcj]], [[2qpk]] - bPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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[[3gck]] - bPLO + benzylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3gck]] - bPLO + benzylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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[[3uba]], [[4gm7]] - bPLO + hydroxycinnamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3uba]], [[4gm7]] - bPLO + hydroxycinnamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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[[3gcl]], [[2qqt]] - bPLO + aspirin + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3gcl]], [[2qqt]] - bPLO + aspirin + SCN + I<br />
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[[3i6n]] - bPLO + isoniazid + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3i6n]] - bPLO + isoniazid + SCN + I<br />
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[[4ksz]] - bPLO + cystein + SCN + I<br />
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**[[4ksz]] - bPLO + cystein + SCN + I<br />
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[[3nyh]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I<br />
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**[[5wv3]] - bPLO + oxidosulfanyl-methanamine + Br + I<br />
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[[3ogw]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I<br />
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**[[7dlq]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I<br />
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[[3py4]], [[4gn6]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I<br />
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**[[7wyj]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I<br />
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[[3q9k]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3py4]], [[6m7e]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I<br />
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[[3ql6]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I<br />
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**[[7dn6]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I<br />
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[[3s4f]], [[4njb]], [[4nt3]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I<br />
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**[[7dn7]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I<br />
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[[3r4x]], [[3tuw]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
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**[[8y9x]], [[4njb]], [[9m0i]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I<br />
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[[3r5o]] - bPLO + methoxyphenol + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3r4x]], [[5zgs]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
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[[3tgy]] - bPLO + ascorbate + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3r5o]] - bPLO + methoxyphenol + SCN + I<br />
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[[3v6q]] - bPLO + CO + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3tgy]] - bPLO + ascorbate + SCN + I<br />
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[[2gjm]] - wbPLO + carbonate + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3v6q]] - bPLO + CO + SCN + I<br />
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[[3faq]] – wbLPO + CN + SCN + I<br />
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**[[6l9t]] - bLPO + Zn + OSCN + I<br />
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[[3fnl]] - wbPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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**[[5gls]] - bLPO + butyl-triazole + SCN + I<br />
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[[2e9e]] – gPLO + nitrate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
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**[[5gh0]] - bLPO + mercaptoimidazole + nitrate + carbonate<br />
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[[2efb]] – gPLO + phosphate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
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**[[2gjm]] - wbPLO + carbonate + SCN + I<br />
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[[3qf1]] - gPLO + piperazine + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3faq]] – wbLPO + CN + SCN + I<br />
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[[4ljj]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3fnl]] - wbPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
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[[4msf]], [[4oek]] - gPLO + phenol derivative+ SCN + I<br />
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**[[4y55]] - wbLPO + rhodanide + SCN + I<br />
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[[2eha]] – gPLO + formate + carbonate + SCN<br />
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**[[2e9e]] – gPLO + nitrate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
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[[3r55]], [[4n7a]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
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**[[2efb]] – gPLO + phosphate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
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[[3sxv]] - gPLO + amitrole + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3qf1]] - gPLO + piperazine + SCN + I<br />
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[[3r5q]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I<br />
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**[[8ing]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I<br />
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**[[4msf]], [[4oek]] - gPLO + phenol derivative+ SCN + I<br />
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**[[2eha]] – gPLO + formate + carbonate + SCN<br />
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**[[3r55]], [[6lf7]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
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**[[3sxv]] - gPLO + amitrole + SCN + I<br />
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**[[4qjq]] - gPLO + octopamine + SCN + I<br />
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**[[6lf7]] - gPLO + hypocyanite + SCN + H2O2 + I<br />
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**[[7ve3]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I<br />
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**[[6ky7]], [[6l2j]] – yPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine + SCN + I<br />
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}}
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== References ==
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<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

Glycosylated bovine lactoferrin containing heme complex with thiocyanate, I- (purple) and Ca+2 (green) ions (PDB entry 3eri)

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3D structures of lactoperoxidase

Updated on 02-April-2025

References

  1. ↑ Gerson C, Sabater J, Scuri M, Torbati A, Coffey R, Abraham JW, Lauredo I, Forteza R, Wanner A, Salathe M, Abraham WM, Conner GE. The lactoperoxidase system functions in bacterial clearance of airways. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2000 Jun;22(6):665-71. PMID:10837362
  2. ↑ Gerson C, Sabater J, Scuri M, Torbati A, Coffey R, Abraham JW, Lauredo I, Forteza R, Wanner A, Salathe M, Abraham WM, Conner GE. The lactoperoxidase system functions in bacterial clearance of airways. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2000 Jun;22(6):665-71. PMID:10837362
  3. ↑ Sheikh IA, Singh AK, Singh N, Sinha M, Singh SB, Bhushan A, Kaur P, Srinivasan A, Sharma S, Singh TP. Structural evidence of substrate specificity in mammalian peroxidases: structure of the thiocyanate complex with lactoperoxidase and its interactions at 2.4 A resolution. J Biol Chem. 2009 May 29;284(22):14849-56. Epub 2009 Apr 1. PMID:19339248 doi:10.1074/jbc.M807644200

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