Dynein

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'''Dynein''' is a motor protein which walks along the microtubule toward its minus end, i.e. it is a minus-end directed motor. Dyneins are classified as cytoplasmic (DYNC) or axonemal. The Dyneins are composed of heavy, intermediate and light chains. For discussion of the DYNC inter mediate and light chains see: [[Dynein light and intermediate chain]].
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'''Dynein''' is a motor protein which walks along the microtubule toward its minus end, i.e. it is a minus-end directed motor. Dyneins are classified as cytoplasmic (DYNC) or axonemal. The '''cytoplasmic dyneins''' are composed of heavy, intermediate and light chains. They drive processes like cell migration, spindle organisation and chromosome separation in mitosis. For discussion of the DYNC intermediate and light chains see: [[Dynein light and intermediate chain]]. '''Axonemal dynein''' has only heavy chain and is involved in cilia and flagella movement.
==Quaternary Structure of Drosophila melanogaster IC/Tctex-1/LC8; Allosteric Interactions of Dynein Light Chains with Dynein Intermediate Chain==
==Quaternary Structure of Drosophila melanogaster IC/Tctex-1/LC8; Allosteric Interactions of Dynein Light Chains with Dynein Intermediate Chain==
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Latest structural research on Dynein has brought a different view on the behaviour of the Dynein-LC and its association with the IC. It was thought that the LCs bind cargo to the Dynein complex. Due to the fact that the IC binds at the same cleft as cargo would, there is a conflict between the two binding partners and we have to consider a new scenario for the interaction between LCs and the motor complex.
Latest structural research on Dynein has brought a different view on the behaviour of the Dynein-LC and its association with the IC. It was thought that the LCs bind cargo to the Dynein complex. Due to the fact that the IC binds at the same cleft as cargo would, there is a conflict between the two binding partners and we have to consider a new scenario for the interaction between LCs and the motor complex.
Dynein transports different cargo and to have influence on this transports could be interesting as it could be the case in stopping the transport of viral products. But as we see our previous knowledge is limited and so further research on this multisubunit protein is preferable.
Dynein transports different cargo and to have influence on this transports could be interesting as it could be the case in stopping the transport of viral products. But as we see our previous knowledge is limited and so further research on this multisubunit protein is preferable.
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</StructureSection>
 
== 3D Structures of Dynein ==
== 3D Structures of Dynein ==
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[[Dynein 3D structures]]
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Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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</StructureSection>
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{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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*Dynein light chain
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**[[3dvt]], [[3bri]] - DmDYNC - ''Drosophila melanogaster'' <BR />
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**[[3dvh]] - DmDYNC (mutant) <BR />
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**[[1rhw]] - DmDYNC - NMR<BR />
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**[[1ygt]] - DmDYNC TcTex1<BR />
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**[[2e8j]], [[2b95]], [[1z09]] - hDYNC 2A – human – NMR<BR />
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**[[2hz5]] - hDYNC 2A<BR />
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**[[1y4o]] - mDYNC 2A – mouse<BR />
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**[[1re6]] - mDYNC 2 – NMR<BR />
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**[[5wi4]] - yDYNC TcTex1 - yeast<br />
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**[[1pwj]], [[1pwk]], [[1f3c]] - rDYNC 2 – rat – NMR<BR />
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**[[5wof]] – DYNC 1 – ''Plasmodium falciparum''<BR />
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**[[1xdx]], [[1m9l]], [[1ds9]] - CrDYNC TcTex1 – ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'' – NMR<BR />
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**[[5yxm]] - CrDYNC <br />
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**[[3rjs]] - DYNC – ''Toxoplasma gondii''<br />
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**[[5hxl]] – rbfDYNC – rice blast fungus<br />
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*Dynein light chain complex
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**[[4qh8]], [[4qh7]] - DmDYNC + anastral spindle 2<br />
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**[[3dvp]], [[3brl]], [[3e2b]], [[5e0l]], [[5e0m]] - DmDYNC + peptide<BR />
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**[[2xqq]] - hDYNC 2 + peptide<br />
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**[[3p8m]] - hDYNC 2 + GCN4<br />
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**[[3zke]], [[3zkf]] - hDYNC + NEK9 peptide<br />
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**[[4d07]] - hDYNC + myosin peptide<br />
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**[[3tq7]] – hDYNC + EB1C/EB3C<br />
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**[[1f95]], [[1f96]] - rDYNC + peptide – NMR<BR />
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**[[4ds1]] - yDYNC + nucleoporin Nup129 peptide <br />
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**[[4ht6]] – yDYNC + PAC11 peptide<br />
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*Dynein intermediate chain
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**[[3l7h]] – DmDYNC intermediate chain light chain roadblock <BR />
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**[[3l9k]] - DmDYNC intermediate chain light chain roadblock + intermediate chain<BR />
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**[[3fm7]], [[3glw]], [[2pg1]], [[2p2t]] - DmDYNC intermediate chain + light chain<br />
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**[[5hyc]] – rbfDYNC 2<br />
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*Dynein light+intermediate chains
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**[[4w7g]] – DYNC – ''Chaetomium thermophilum''<br />
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**[[5jpw]] – hDYNC <br />
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**[[6b9h]] - hDYNC + protein hook homolog<br />
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*Dynein heavy chain
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**[[5afr]] – yDYNC N terminal<br />
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**[[3qmz]] – yDYNC + glutathione-S-transferase <BR />
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**[[4w8f]] – yDYNC/lysozyme (mutant) + AMPPNP<br />
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**[[5vh9]], [[5vlj]] – yDYNC + LIS1 + ATP - CryoEM<br />
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**[[3err]] - mDYNC microtubule-binding domain/Ser-tRNA synthetase<br />
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**[[3wuq]] - mDYNC stalk domain<br />
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**[[3j1t]] - mDYNC + tubulin α-1B chain<br />
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**[[3j1u]] - mDYNC + tubulin α-1B+β-2B chains<br />
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**[[3vkg]], [[3vkh]] - DYNC – ''Dictyostelium discoideum''<br />
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**[[2rr7]] – CrDYNC microtubule-binding domain<br />
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**[[3j6p]] - DYNC + tubulin α-1B chain – slime mold<br />
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**[[5ayh]] – mDYNC <br />
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**[[5nug]] – hDYNC <br />
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*Dynein motor domain
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**[[4aki]], [[4akg]] – yDYNC + ATP<br />
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**[[4akh]] – yDYNC + AMPPNP<br />
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**[[4ai6]] – yDYNC + ADP<br />
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**[[3j68]], [[3j67]] – DYNC – sea urchin<br />
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**[[4rh7]] – hDYNC + ADP + ATP<br />
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*Dynein tail
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**[[5afu]] – pDCTN subunits 2,3,5,6 + dynein tail + capping protein – CryoEM<br />
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**[[5nvs]] – hDCTN heavy+light+intermediate + LC8 + TcTex + ROBL – CryoEM<br />
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**[[5nvu]] – hDCTN motor+heavy+light+intermediate + LC8 + TcTex + ROBL – CryoEM<br />
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**[[5nw4]] – hDCTN heavy+light+intermediate + APR1 + APR11 + ROBL + beta-actin + capping protein + dynactin + P150 + BICD2N – CryoEM<br />
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}}
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==References==
==References==

Current revision

Dynein light (grey, magenta, cyan and green) and intermediate (pink and yellow) chains, 3fm7

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

Structure

  • Hall,Karplus&Barbar (2009), "Multivalency in the assembly of intrinsically disordered dynein intermediate chain", J.Biol.Chem. (3fm7) jbc.M109.048587

Informations

  • Williams et al. (2007), "Structural and thermodynamic characterization of a cytoplasmic dynein light chain-intermediate chain complex", PNAS no.24 vol.104 10028-10033
  • Lightcap et al. (2008), "Biochemical and Structural Characterization of the Pak1-LC8 Interaction", J.Biol.Chem. jbc.M800758200


Created with the participation of Alexander Grosse-Honebrink.

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

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