Serotonin N-acetyltransferase

From Proteopedia

(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
Current revision (10:42, 20 March 2022) (edit) (undo)
 
(12 intermediate revisions not shown.)
Line 1: Line 1:
-
<applet load='1cjw' size='400' color='white' frame='true' align='right' caption='Serotonin N-acetyltransferase' scene='Serotonin_N-acetyltransferase/Monomer/7' />
+
<StructureSection load='1cjw' size='400' side='right' scene='Serotonin_N-acetyltransferase/Monomer/7' [[1cjw]]' caption='Serotonin N-acetyltransferase [[1cjw]]' >
-
Most organisms experience a 24-hr cycle due to the environmental dark/light cycle. Melatonin is one of the output signals which causes these rhythms. Circulating melatonin is higher at night acting as a downstream as well as a feedback signal for the biological clock <ref name="analog"> PMID:10319816</ref>. Melatonin is produced in the pineal gland by two enzymes: 1) serotonin N-acetyltransferase or arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). The AANAT catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) to the primary amine of serotonin, producing the product, N-acetylserotonin, which is then methylated by HIOMT to produce melatonin. The determination of the structure of serotonin N-acetyltransferase is important in order to understand the nature of substrate binding and to know the mechanism of catalysis. Further, it helps in designing compounds that inhibit catalysis and prevent proteolysis for treatment of diseases which are melatonin-related (e.g. sleep disorder and jet lag) and serotonin-related (e.g.depression and obesity).
+
==Function==
 +
Most organisms experience a 24-hr cycle due to the environmental dark/light cycle. Melatonin is one of the output signals which causes these rhythms. Circulating melatonin is higher at night acting as a downstream as well as a feedback signal for the biological clock <ref name="analog"> PMID:10319816</ref>. Melatonin is produced in the pineal gland by two enzymes: 1) '''serotonin N-acetyltransferase or arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase''' (AANAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). The AANAT catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) to the primary amine of serotonin, producing the product, N-acetylserotonin, which is then methylated by HIOMT to produce melatonin. The determination of the structure of serotonin N-acetyltransferase is important in order to understand the nature of substrate binding and to know the mechanism of catalysis. Further, it helps in designing compounds that inhibit catalysis and prevent proteolysis for treatment of diseases which are melatonin-related (e.g. sleep disorder and jet lag) and serotonin-related (e.g.depression and obesity).
==Structure==
==Structure==
Line 9: Line 10:
==Implications for Catalysis==
==Implications for Catalysis==
Water molecules lying between the tryptamine moiety and histidines facilitate nucleophilic attack on Acetyl Coenzyme-A (AcCoA). It can either serve as a sink for a proton or as a pathway to carry the charge away from the substrates.
Water molecules lying between the tryptamine moiety and histidines facilitate nucleophilic attack on Acetyl Coenzyme-A (AcCoA). It can either serve as a sink for a proton or as a pathway to carry the charge away from the substrates.
 +
 +
==Relevance==
 +
SNA inhibitors have therapeutical applications in maintaining cell level of melatonin which is varying in various diseases<ref>PMID:12052171</ref>.
 +
 +
==3D structures of serotonin N-acetyltransferase==
 +
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
 +
 +
[[1b6b]] – sSNA – sheep<br />
 +
 +
[[1cjw]] – sSNA + CoA S-acetyl tryptamine
 +
 +
[[1kuv]] - sSNA (mutant) + CoA S-acetyl bromotryptamine
 +
 +
[[1kux]] - sSNA (mutant) + CoA S-trimethylene-acetyl tryptamine
 +
 +
[[1kuy]], [[1l0c]] - sSNA (mutant) + CoA S-acetyl tryptamine
 +
 +
[[1ib1]] – sSNA + protein kinase C inhibitor protein-1<br />
 +
[[6k5m]], [[7dai]] – SNA – rice<br />
 +
[[7daj]] – rSNA + acetyl CoA <br />
 +
[[7dal]] – rSNA + acetyl CoA + serotonin<br />
 +
[[7dak]] – rSNA + acetyl CoA + methoxytriptamine<br />
==See Also==
==See Also==
Line 18: Line 41:
<references />
<references />
 +
</StructureSection>
 +
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

Serotonin N-acetyltransferase 1cjw

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Kristine Faye Pobre, Alexander Berchansky

Personal tools