2qa1

[[Image:2qa1.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2qa1" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"

caption="2qa1, resolution 1.80&Aring;" />

'''Crystal structure of PgaE, an aromatic hydroxylase involved in angucycline biosynthesis'''<br />

==Overview==

Angucyclines are aromatic polyketides produced in Streptomycetes via, complex enzymatic biosynthetic pathways. PgaE and CabE from S. sp PGA64, and S. sp. H021 are two related homo-dimeric FAD and NADPH dependent, aromatic hydroxylases involved in the early steps of the angucycline core, modification. Here we report the three-dimensional structures of these two, enzymes determined by X-ray crystallography using multiple anomalous, diffraction and molecular replacement, respectively, to resolutions of 1.8, A and 2.7 A. The enzyme subunits are built up of three domains, a FAD, binding domain, a domain involved in substrate binding and a C-terminal, thioredoxin-like domain of unknown function. The structure analysis, identifies PgaE and CabE as members of the para-hydroxybenzoate, hydroxylase (pHBH) fold family of aromatic hydroxylases. In contrast to, phenol hydroxylase and 3-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase that utilize the, C-terminal domain for dimer formation, this domain is not part of the, subunit-subunit interface in PgaE and CabE. Instead, dimer assembly occurs, through interactions of their FAD binding domains. FAD is bound, non-covalently in the "in"-conformation. The active sites in the two, enzymes differ significantly from those of other aromatic hydroxylases., The volumes of the active site are significantly larger, as expected in, view of the voluminous tetracyclic angucycline substrates. The structures, further suggest that substrate binding and catalysis may involve dynamic, rearrangements of the middle domain relative to the other two domains., Site-directed mutagenesis studies of putative catalytic groups in the, active site of PgaE argue against enzyme-catalyzed substrate deprotonation, as a step in catalysis. This is in contrast to pHBH, where, deprotonation/protonation of the substrate has been suggested as an, essential part of the enzymatic mechanism.

 

==About this Structure==

2QA1 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_sp._pga64 Streptomyces sp. pga64] with <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:'>ZN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FAD:'>FAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:'>EDO</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:'>GOL</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2QA1 OCA].

 

Crystal Structures of Two Aromatic Hydroxylases Involved in the Early Tailoring Steps of Angucycline Biosynthesis., Koskiniemi H, Metsa-Ketela M, Dobritzsch D, Kallio P, Korhonen H, Mantsala P, Schneider G, Niemi J, J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 10;. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=17669423 17669423]

[[Category: Streptomyces sp. pga64]]

[[Category: Dobritzsch, D.]]

[[Category: Kallio, P.]]

[[Category: Koskiniemi, H.]]

[[Category: Metsa-Ketela, M.]]

[[Category: Niemi, J.]]

[[Category: Schneider, G.]]

[[Category: EDO]]

[[Category: FAD]]

[[Category: GOL]]

[[Category: ZN]]

[[Category: angucycline]]

[[Category: aromatic hydroxylase]]

[[Category: fad]]

[[Category: oxidoreductase]]

[[Category: polyketide]]