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| - | <Structure load='3omv' size='500' frame='true' align='right' caption='C-Raf'
| + | >One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst in the Peyton group and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org Molecular Playground]. |
| - | '''C-Raf''' is a [[bioluminescent]] polypeptide consisting of 238 residues isolated from the body of [[Aequorea victoria]] jellyfish.<ref name="PDBsum">[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?pdbcode=1ema&template=main.html], Protein Database (PDBsum): 3omv. European Bioinformatics (EBI); 2009.</ref> GFP converts the blue chemiluminescent of [[aequorin]] in the jellyfish into green fluorescent light.<ref name="Yang">[http://www-bioc.rice.edu/Bioch/Phillips/Papers/gfpbio.html], Yang F, Moss LG, Phillips GN Jr. 1996. The molecular structure of green fluorescent protein. Biotechnology. 14: 1246-1251. DOI 10.1038/nbt1096-1246.</ref> It remains unclear why these jellyfish use fluorescence, why green is better than blue, or why they produce a separate protein for green fluorescence as opposed to simply mutating the present aequorin to shift its wavelength,<ref name="Tsien" /> but in the laboratory, GFP can be incorporated into a variety of biological systems in order to function as a marker protein. Since its discovery in 1962, GFP has become a significant contributor to the research of monitoring gene expression, localization, mobility, traffic, interactions between various membrane and cytoplasmic proteins, as well as many others.<ref name="Haldar">[http://www.springerlink.com/content/wvg513864266g77n/fulltext.pdf], Haldar S, Chattopadhyay A. 2009. The green journey. J Fluoresc. 19:1-2. DOI 10.1007/s10895-008-0455-6; biographical background on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Prasher Douglas Prasher], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Chalfie Martin Chalfie] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Tsien Roger Tsien].</ref>
| + | <applet load='3omv' size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='right' |
| - | | + | caption='C-Raf (3omv)' scene=''User:Thuy V. Nguyen/Sandbox103/Loadedfrompdb/4'/> |
| - | ==References== | + | '''C-Raf''' (Raf1) is one of the isoforms of Raf serine/threonine kinase. The others are A-Raf and B-Raf. The Raf-kinase is activated by Ras protein. Activated Raf will trigger the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK, which regulates some transcription factors that induce gene expression required for cell proliferation. Raf1 activation is found in 50% of renal cell carcinoma and 100% of hepatocellular carcinoma (Scott Wilhelm et al., 2006). [[Sorafenib]] is an FDA approval small molecule for Raf1 inhibitor. |
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| - | {{Reflist}}
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| - | ==Additional Resources==
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| - | *For additional information, see: [[Colored & Bioluminescent Proteins]]
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| - | *[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1ema First Glance]
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| - | *PDBsum: [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1ema 1ema]
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| - | *RCSB PDB [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1ema 1ema]
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| - | *[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1ema OCA]
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| - | *UniProt: [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P42212 P42212]
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| - | *Scop: [http://scop.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/scop/data/scop.b.e.gc.b.b.b.html P42212]
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| - | *CATH: [http://www.cathdb.info/domain/1emaA00 1emaA00]
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| - | *Pfam: [http://pfam.sanger.ac.uk/family?acc=PF01353 PF01353]
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| - | *InterPro: [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/ISearch?query=IPR000786 IPR000786]
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| - | *[http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/pdb42_1.html GFP featured] at the '''[http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month]''' series of tutorials by [[User:David_S._Goodsell|David Goodsell]].
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| - | * [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v462/n7270/edsumm/e091112-05.html Inside green fluorescent protein] - editor's summary that accompanied [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v462/n7270/covers/ structural detail of GFP chromophore on the cover] of Nature.
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| - | [[he:GFP_(Hebrew)]]
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| - | [[Category:Topic Page]] | + | |
