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RNA polymerase

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[[Image:3m3y.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of RNA polymerase [[3m3y]]]]
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<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Yeast RNA polymerase II elongation complex C complexed with DNA and RNA and Zn+2 (grey) and Mg+2 (green) ions [[3m3y]]. Subunit B1 (grey), B2 (green), B3 (pink), B9 (wheat), B11 (rust), ABC1 (magenta), ABC2 (cyan), ABC3 (red), ABC4 (aqua), ABC5 (blue) (PDB code [[3m3y]]).' scene='RNA_polymerase/Cv/1'>
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{{STRUCTURE_3m3y| PDB=3m3y | SIZE=400| SCENE=RNA_polymerase/Cv/1 |right|CAPTION=Yeast RNA polymerase complexed with DNA and RNA [[3m3y]] }}
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__TOC__
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{{TOC limit|limit=2}}
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==Function==
 +
'''RNA polymerase''' (RNAP, '''DNA primase''', dnaG) catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to RNA during transcription.<br />
 +
'''DNA-dependent RNA polymerase''' catalyzes the transcription of RNA from a DNA template. The DNA-dependent eukaryote RNAP<ref>PMID:18573085</ref> are divided to<br />
 +
'''RNAP I''' (or '''Pol I''') which transcribes ribosomal RNA<ref>PMID:14969726</ref>; <br />
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'''RNAP II''' (or '''Pol II''') transcribes DNA and most snRNA and microRNA<ref>PMID:15114340</ref>; See [[RNA Polymerase II]].<br />
 +
'''RNAP III''' (or '''Pol III''') transcribes tRNA and 5S ribosomal RNA<ref>PMID:1452</ref>.<br />
 +
'''DNA primase''' (DNAP) is RNAP which catalyzes the synthesis of the RNA primer which complements an ssDNA template and initiates DNA synthesis<ref>PMID:11395402</ref>. The large subunit of promase is called '''p58C'''.<br />
 +
'''dnaG''' is a bacterial DNA primase<ref>PMID:23430154</ref>.<br />
 +
For DNA-dependent RNA polymerase see<br />
 +
* [[Molecular Playground/T7 RNAP Conformations]]<br />
 +
* [[User:Luis E Ramirez-Tapia/T7 RNA polymerase]]<br />
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* [[Molecular Playground/T7 RNA Polymerase (7 mer int)]].<br />
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* [[T7 RNA Polymerase]].<br />
 +
* [[Molecular Playground/Human mtRNA pol]].<br />
 +
* [[Beta-Prime Subunit of Bacterial RNA Polymerase]]<br />
 +
* [[Transcription and RNA Processing]].<br />
 +
* [[Rifampicin]]
-
'''RNA polymerase''' (RNAP, '''DNA primase''', dnaG) catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to RNA during transcription. DNA primase (DNAP) is RNAP which catalyzes the synthesis of the RNA primer which complements an ssDNA template and initiates DNA synthesis. dnaG is a bacterial primase. For RNA polymerase from bacteriophage T7 see [[Molecular Playground/T7 RNAP Conformations]] and [[Molecular Playground/T7 RNA Polymerase (7 mer int)]]. For RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Hepatitis C virus - NS5B - see [[NS5B]]. For DNA-dependent RNA polymerase see [[Molecular Playground/Human mtRNA pol]]. See [[Beta-Prime Subunit of Bacterial RNA Polymerase]] for the ''Thermus thermophilus'' β' subunit. See also [[Transcription and RNA Processing]].
+
'''RNA-dependent RNA polymerase''' or '''cap-snatching endonuclease''' or '''replicase''' catalyzes the replication of RNA from a RNA template<ref>PMID:12016304</ref>. An example is the '''Influenza virus RNA polymerase''' which is composed of 3 subunits. Subunit '''PA''' is involved in cap-snatching. Subunit '''PB1''' is involved in RNA synthesis. Subunit '''PB2''' is involved in RNA replication and transcription. It is implicated in endonuclease cleavage of RNA primers. <scene name='1qln/Rockets_steitz_colors/1'>View of the nucleic acid</scene> ([[1qln]]; blue: nontemplate strand; cyan: template strand; red:RNA).<br />
 +
See also [[RNA-directed RNA polymerase]].<br />
 +
For RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Hepatitis C virus - NS5B - see<br />
 +
* [[NS5B]].<br />
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* [[User:Michael Strong/H1N1/PB2]]<br />
 +
* [[User:Michael Strong/H1N1/PB2/MSA]]<br />
 +
* [[User:Michael Strong/H1N1/PA]]<br />
 +
* [[User:Michael Strong/H1N1/PA/MSA]]
 +
*[[Sofosbuvir]]
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== 3D Structures of RNA polymerase ==
+
For RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from murine norovirus see<br />
 +
* [[Ribavirin1]].<br />
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''Update December 2011''
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'''Poly(A) RNA polymerase''' catalyzes the addition of long poly(A) tails to mRNA without a template<ref>PMID:15047805</ref>.
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===DNA-dependent RNAP===
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== 3D Structures of RNA polymerase ==
-
 
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[[RNA polymerase 3D structures]]
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[[2y0s]] – RNAP – ''Sulfolobus shibata''<br />
+
-
[[3q22]], [[3q23]], [[3q24]] – RNAP + DNA – Enterobacteria phage N4<br />
+
-
[[3p8b]] – PfRNAP subunit ε’’ + transcription antitermination protein – ''Pyrococcus furiosus''<br />
+
-
[[3qqc]] - PfRNAP subunits β,ε’’ + transcription antitermination protein<br />
+
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[[1ryq]] - PfRNAP subunit ε’’<br />
+
-
[[3lpe]] - MjRNAP subunit ε’’ + transcription antitermination protein – ''Methanocaldococcus jannaschii''<br />
+
-
[[1go3]] – MjRNAP subunit RPB4, RPB7<br />
+
-
[[3aoh]], [[3aoi]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + DNA +RNA + GFH1 – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
+
-
[[2o5i]], [[2o5j]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + DNA +RNA<br />
+
-
[[1iw7]], [[1smy]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω<br />
+
-
[[1zyr]], [[2a68]], [[2a69]], [[2a6e]], [[2a6h]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + antibiotic<br />
+
-
[[2ppb]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + antibiotic + DNA + RNA + substrate analog<br />
+
-
[[2be5]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + σ factor + inhibitor<br />
+
-
[[2cw0]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + σ factor<br />
+
-
[[3dxj]], [[3eql]] - TtRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + σ factor + antibiotic<br />
+
-
[[1doq]] - TtRNAP subunit α<br />
+
-
[[3mlq]] - TtRNAP subunit β + transcription-repair coupling factor<br />
+
-
[[3lti]] – EcRNAP subunit β fragment – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
+
-
[[3mmp]] - EcRNAP subunit β + EF-TU<br />
+
-
[[3t72]] - EcRNAP subunit β + Pho box DNA + PhoB<br />
+
-
[[3k4g]], [[1coo]] - EcRNAP subunit α<br />
+
-
[[1lb2]], [[3n4m]] - EcRNAP subunit α + DNA + CAP<br />
+
-
[[1xs9]] - EcRNAP subunit α + DNA + MARA<br />
+
-
[[3n97]] - EcRNAP subunit α C terminal + DNA + σ factor<br />
+
-
[[1bdf]] - EcRNAP subunit α (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[3lu0]] - EcRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω – Electron diffraction<br />
+
-
[[3iyd]] - EcRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + RNAP sigma factor + catabolite gene activator + DNA<br />
+
-
[[2l0i]] – yRNAP C-terminal + RTT103 – yeast – NMR<br />
+
-
[[1a1d]] – yRNAP subunit RPB8 – NMR<br />
+
-
[[2krc]] - BsRNAP subunit δ N-terminal – ''Bacillus subtilis'' – NMR<br />
+
-
[[3ihq]], [[1z3e]], [[3gfk]] - BsRNAP subunit α +regulatory protein SPX<br />
+
-
[[1qyp]] – RNAP II C terminal – ''Thermococcus celer'' – NMR<br />
+
-
[[3ef0]], [[3ef1]] - SpRNAP II subunit α C terminal – ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe''<br />
+
-
[[3h0g]] – SpRNAP II<br />
+
-
[[3ayh]] - SpRNAP III subunit Rpc8+Rpc9
+
-
 
+
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===Eukaryotic DNA-dependent RNAP===
+
-
 
+
-
[[3o2q]], [[3o2s]] – hRNAP II subunit α C-terminal + symplekin – human<br />
+
-
[[1qkl]] - hRNAP II subunit RPB6<br />
+
-
[[3j0k]] – hRNAP II + TFIIF – Cryo EM<br />
+
-
[[2c35]] - hRNAP II subunits RPB4 RPB7 (mutant) – NMR<br />
+
-
[[2f3i]] - hRNAP II subunits RPB8 RPB17 RPABC3 – NMR<br />
+
-
[[2ghq]], [[2ght]] - hRNAP II subunits RPB1 + hRNAP II C terminal<br />
+
-
[[2q5e]], [[3l0b]], [[3l0c]] - hRNAP II C terminal<br />
+
-
[[3pgl]] - hRNAP II C terminal + inhibitor<br />
+
-
[[2xub]], [[2xv4]] - hRNAP III subunits RPC3<br />
+
-
[[2dk8]] – RNAP III RPC34 domain - mouse – NMR<br />
+
-
[[2dk5]] – hRNAP III winged helix domain (mutant) – NMR<br />
+
-
[[2yu3]] - hRNAP III winged helix domain<br />
+
-
[[3spa]] - hRNAP + polypeptide<br />
+
-
[[3nff]], [[3nfg]], [[3nfh]], [[3nfi]] – RNAP I fragments (mutant) – ''Candida glabrata''<br />
+
-
[[2rf4]] - yRNAP I subunit RPA4<br />
+
-
[[1i6h]] - yRNAP II + DNA<br />
+
-
[[1nik]], [[1nt9]], [[1wcm]], [[2b8k]], [[3fki]], [[3qt1]], [[1i3q]], [[1i50]], [[1dzf]] – yRNAP II<br />
+
-
[[1y14]] - yRNAP II subunits RPB4 RPB7<br />
+
-
[[1pqv]], [[1y1v]] - yRNAP II + TFIIS<br />
+
-
[[1y1y]] - yRNAP II + TFIIS + DNA +RNA<br />
+
-
[[2vum]] - yRNAP II + inhibitor + DNA + RNA<br />
+
-
[[3cqz]], [[1k83]] - yRNAP II + inhibitor<br />
+
-
[[1r5u]], [[3k7a]], [[3k1f]] - yRNAP II + TFIIB<br />
+
-
[[1r9s]], [[2ja5]], [[2ja6]], [[2ja7]], [[2ja8]], [[2nvq]], [[2nvt]], [[2nvx]], [[2nvy]], [[2nvz]], [[3gtg]], [[3gtj]], [[3gtk]], [[3gtl]], [[3gtm]], [[3gto]], [[3gtp]], [[3gtq]], [[3hou]], [[3hov]], [[3how]], [[3hox]], [[3hoy]], [[3hoz]], [[3po2]], [[3po3]], [[3m3y]], [[3m4o]], [[3rzd]], [[3rzo]], [[3s14]], [[3s15]], [[3s16]], [[3s17]], [[3s1m]], [[3s1n]], [[3s1q]], [[3s1r]], [[3s2d]], [[3s2h]] - yRNAP II + RNA + DNA<br />
+
-
[[1y1w]], [[1y77]], [[2r7z]], [[2r92]], [[2r93]], [[3h3v]] - yRNAP II + RNA<br />
+
-
[[1twa]], [[1twc]], [[1twf]], [[1twg]], [[1twh]] - yRNAP II + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[2b63]] - yRNAP II + nucleotide + RNA<br />
+
-
[[2e2i]], [[2e2j]] - yRNAP II + nucleotide + DNA<br />
+
-
[[2yu9]], [[3i4m]], [[3i4n]] - yRNAP II + nucleotide + DNA + RNA<br />
+
-
[[2ckz]] - yRNAP III<br />
+
-
[[1ef4]] – MtRNAP subunit RPB10 – ''Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus''<br />
+
-
[[1eik]] - MtRNAP subunit RPB5 – NMR<br />
+
-
 
+
-
===Prokaryotic DNA-dependent RNAP===
+
-
 
+
-
[[1hqm]] – TaRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω − ''Thermus aquaticus''<br />
+
-
[[2gho]] - TaRNAP subunits α,β,β’<br />
+
-
[[1i6v]], [[1ynj]], [[1ynn]] - TaRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + antibiotic<br />
+
-
[[1l9u]] - TaRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + σ factor<br />
+
-
[[1l9z]] - TaRNAP subunits α,β,β’,ω + σ factor + DNA<br />
+
-
[[2auj]], [[2auk]] - TaRNAP subunit β’ <br />
+
-
[[1xpp]] – RNAP subunit L – ''Thermoplasma acidophilum''<br />
+
-
[[2jzb]] – RNAP subunit α + NUSA transcription elongation factor – ''Yersinia pseudotuberculosis''<br />
+
-
[[2waq]], [[2wb1]] – RNAP – ''Sulfolobus shibata''<br />
+
-
[[3e7h]] – RNAP subunit β – ''Vibrio cholerae''<br />
+
-
 
+
-
 
+
-
===RNA-dependent RNAP===
+
-
 
+
-
[[3phu]], [[1khv]], [[1khw]] – HfRNAP L RNA-directed – Hemorrhagic fever virus<br />
+
-
[[3phw]], [[2pt2]], [[3pt2]] – HfRNAP + ubiquitin<br />
+
-
[[3phx]] – HfRNAP + ISG15<br />
+
-
[[3pse]] - HfRNAP + ISG15 (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[2xwh]], [[2xxd]], [[2xhu]], [[2xhw]], [[3i5k]], [[1c2p]], [[1csj]], [[1quv]], [[1yuy]], [[1yv2]], [[1yvx]], [[1yvz]], [[3gsz]] – HvRNAP NS5B domain – Hepatitis virus<br />
+
-
[[2xym]], [[2xhv]], [[2xi2]] - HvRNAP NS5B domain (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[2xwy]], [[3mf5]], [[3hkw]], [[3hky]], [[3lkh]], [[3gnv]], [[3gnw]], [[3h98]], [[3g86]], [[3h59]], [[1nhu]], [[1nhv]], [[2brk]], [[2brl]], [[2gc8]], [[2giq]], [[2gir]], [[2hai]], [[2hwh]], [[2hwi]], [[2i1r]], [[2ijn]], [[2jc0]], [[2jc1]], [[2qe2]], [[2qe5]], [[2wcx]], [[2who]], [[3ciz]], [[3cj0]], [[3cj2]], [[3cj3]], [[3cj4]], [[3cj5]], [[3cso]], [[3cvk]], [[3fqk]], [[3fql]], [[3gol]], [[3h5s]], [[3h5u]], [[3q0z]], [[3qgd]], [[3qge]], [[3qgf]], [[3qgg]], [[3qgh]], [[3qgi]], [[3ska]], [[3ske]], [[3skh]] - HvRNAP NS5B domain + inhibitor<br />
+
-
[[3gyn]], [[1os5]], [[3br9]], [[3bsa]], [[3bsc]], [[3cde]], [[3co9]], [[3cwj]], [[3d28]], [[3d5m]], [[3e51]], [[3frz]], [[3igv]] - HvRNAP NS5B domain (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
+
-
[[2wrm]] – HvRNAP NS5B domain<br />
+
-
[[2xi3]] - HvRNAP NS5B domain (mutant) + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[1gx5]], [[1gx6]] - HvRNAP catalytic domain + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[3ol6]], [[2jlg]] – PoRNAP (mutant) + RNA – Poliovirus<br />
+
-
[[1tql]], [[2ijd]], [[2ijf]] - PoRNAP (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[3ol7]], [[3ol8]], [[3ol9]], [[3ola]], [[3olb]] - PoRNAP (mutant) + RNA + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[2xi5]], [[2xi7]] – RNAP L N-terminal – Bunyavirus<br />
+
-
[[3jsb]] – RNAP (mutant) – Lymphocytic choriomengitis virus<br />
+
-
[[2wk4]], [[2uut]], [[2uuw]] – SvRNAP (mutant) – Sapporo virus<br />
+
-
[[2ckw]] - SvRNAP residues 1135-1649<br />
+
-
[[3klv]], [[3kmq]], [[3kms]], [[3kna]], [[3nl0]] – FmRNAP (mutant) + RNA – Foot-and-mouth virus<br />
+
-
[[3nky]] - FmRNAP (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[3koa]] - FmRNAP (mutant) + RNA + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[1wne]] – FmRNAP + RNA <br />
+
-
[[2e9r]], [[2e9t]], [[2e9z]], [[2ec0]] - FmRNAP + RNA + inhibitor<br />
+
-
[[2d7s]], [[2f83]] – FmRNAP + VPG protein<br />
+
-
[[3hw3]], [[3hw6]] - IvRNAP subunit P2 (mutant) – Influenza virus<br />
+
-
[[2znl]] - IvRNAP subunit P1 + polymerase acidic protein<br />
+
-
[[2ztt]], [[3a1g]] - IvRNAP subunit P1 + polymerase basic protein<br />
+
-
[[2w69]] - IvRNAP subunit P2<br />
+
-
[[3hw5]] - IvRNAP subunit P2 (mutant) + AMP<br />
+
-
[[2gmo]], [[3cw4]] - IvRNAP subunit P3<br />
+
-
[[2vqz]] - IvRNAP subunit P3 CAP-binding domain<br />
+
-
[[2vy6]] - IvRNAP subunit P3 627- and NLS domains<br />
+
-
[[2vy7]] - IvRNAP subunit P3 627-domain<br />
+
-
[[2vy8]] - IvRNAP subunit P3 627-domain (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[1hhs]] – P6RNAP – Bacteriophage φ-6<br />
+
-
[[2jl9]], [[2jlf]] – P6RNAP (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[1uvi]], [[1uvl]], [[1uvm]], [[1uvn]] – P6RNAP + RNA<br />
+
-
[[2po4]] – N4RNAP polymerase domain – Bacteriophage N4<br />
+
-
[[3c2p]], [[3c3l]], [[3c46]], [[3q0a]] - N4RNAP polymerase domain + promoter DNA<br />
+
-
[[1l9k]] – DevRNAP N terminal – Dengue virus<br />
+
-
[[2j7u]] - DevRNAP polymerase domain<br />
+
-
[[1oks]] – RNAP α subunit – Measles virus<br />
+
-
[[1r4g]] - RNAP α subunit – Sendai virus – NMR<br />
+
-
[[1s48]], [[1s49]], [[1s4f]] – DvRNAP residues 71-679 – Diarrhea virus<br />
+
-
[[2cjq]] - DvRNAP polymerase domain<br />
+
-
[[1sh0]], [[1sh2]], [[1sh3]] - NvRNAP C terminal – Norwalk virus<br />
+
-
[[3bsn]], [[3bso]], [[3h5x]], [[3h5y]] - NvRNAP + RNA + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[1vyi]] - RNAP α subunit C terminal – Rabies virus<br />
+
-
[[2hcn]], [[2hcs]], [[2hfz]] – RNAP polymerase domain – West Nile virus<br />
+
-
[[2pgg]], [[2pus]] – RNAP – Bursal disease virus<br />
+
-
[[2r7o]], [[2r7q]] – SrRNAP – Simian rotavirus<br />
+
-
[[2yi8]], [[2yi9]], [[2yia]], [[2yib]] – RNAP – Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus<br />
+
-
[[3n6l]] – EvRNAP – Human enterovirus<br />
+
-
[[3n6m]], [[3n6n]] – EvRNAP + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[3nah]], [[3nai]] – RNAP – Murine norovirus<br />
+
-
[[2r7r]], [[2r7s]], [[2r7t]], [[2r7u]], [[2r7v]], [[2r7w]], [[2r7x]] – SrRNAP + RNA<br />
+
-
[[3cdu]] – CvRNAP + POP – Coxsakievirus<br />
+
-
[[3ddk]] - CvRNAP<br />
+
-
[[3cdw]] - CvRNAP + POP + VPG<br />
+
-
[[3eva]], [[3evb]], [[3evc]], [[3evd]], [[3eve]], [[3evf]], [[3evg]] – RNAP N terminal + nucleotide – Yellow fever virus<br />
+
-
[[2j7n]], [[2j7o]] – RNAP residues 381-1402 – ''Neurospora crassa''<br />
+
-
 
+
-
===DNA primase===
+
-
 
+
-
[[3l9q]] – hDNAP large subunit<br />
+
-
[[3lgb]] - yDNAP large subunit<br />
+
-
[[3m1m]] – DNAP RNA polymerase domain – ''Sulfolobus islandicus''<br />
+
-
[[1zt2]], [[2pa8]], [[2pmz]], [[3hkz]] - DNAP small + large subunit – ''Sulfolobus solfataricus''<br />
+
-
[[2au3]] – DNAP zinc-binding and RNA polymerase domains – ''Aquifex aeolicus''<br />
+
-
[[1v33]] - PhDNAP small subunit – ''Pyrocuccus horikoshii''<br />
+
-
[[1v34]] - PhDNAP small subunit + nucleotide<br />
+
-
[[1g71]] - PfDNAP small subunit<br />
+
-
[[1q57]] – T7DNAP/helicase (mutant) – Enterobacteria phage T7<br />
+
-
[[1nui]] – T7DNAP/helicase primase fragment (mutant)<br />
+
-
[[1cr0]] - T7DNAP/helicase helicase domain<br />
+
-
[[1cr1]], [[1cr2]], [[1cr4]] - T7DNAP/helicase helicase domain + nucleotide<br />
+
-
 
+
-
===Bacterial primase===
+
-
 
+
-
[[2r6c]] – dnaG helicase binding domain + helicase – ''Bacillus stearothermophilus''<br />
+
-
[[2r6a]] - GsdnaG helicase binding domain + helicase – ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''<br />
+
-
[[1d0q]] - GsDNAP zinc-binding domain<br />
+
-
[[1z8s]] - GsdnaG dnaB binding domain - NMR<br />
+
-
[[2haj]] - EcdnaG catalytic domain - NMR<br />
+
-
[[3b39]] – EcdnaG catalytic domain + DNA<br />
+
-
[[1t3w]] – EcdnaG C-terminal<br />
+
-
[[1eqn]], [[1dd9]], [[1dde]] – EcdnaG catalytic core<br />
+
-
 
+
-
===RNA polymerase from Bacteriophage T7===
+
-
 
+
-
[[4rnp]] – T7RNAP<br />
+
-
[[1aro]] – T7RNAP + T7 lysozyme<br />
+
-
[[1cez]], [[1h38]], [[1qln]], [[2pi4]], [[2pi5]] - T7RNAP + DNA<br />
+
-
[[1msw]], [[1s0v]], [[1s76]], [[1s77]], [[3e2e]], [[3e3j]] - T7RNAP + DNA + RNA<br />
+
-
 
+
-
===Poly(A) RNA polymerase===
+
-
[[3pq1]] – hPAP (mutant)<br />
+
</StructureSection>
-
[[3nyb]] – yPAP + AIR2
+
 +
== References ==
 +
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]
 +
*Created with the participation of [[User:Craig T Martin|Craig T Martin]].

Current revision

Yeast RNA polymerase II elongation complex C complexed with DNA and RNA and Zn+2 (grey) and Mg+2 (green) ions 3m3y. Subunit B1 (grey), B2 (green), B3 (pink), B9 (wheat), B11 (rust), ABC1 (magenta), ABC2 (cyan), ABC3 (red), ABC4 (aqua), ABC5 (blue) (PDB code 3m3y).

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. ↑ Cramer P, Armache KJ, Baumli S, Benkert S, Brueckner F, Buchen C, Damsma GE, Dengl S, Geiger SR, Jasiak AJ, Jawhari A, Jennebach S, Kamenski T, Kettenberger H, Kuhn CD, Lehmann E, Leike K, Sydow JF, Vannini A. Structure of eukaryotic RNA polymerases. Annu Rev Biophys. 2008;37:337-52. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.37.032807.130008. PMID:18573085 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biophys.37.032807.130008
  2. ↑ Comai L. Mechanism of RNA polymerase I transcription. Adv Protein Chem. 2004;67:123-55. PMID:14969726 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-3233(04)67005-7
  3. ↑ Hahn S. Structure and mechanism of the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 May;11(5):394-403. PMID:15114340 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb763
  4. ↑ Longo DL, Herbert V. Radioassay for serum and red cell folate. J Lab Clin Med. 1976 Jan;87(1):138-51. PMID:1452
  5. ↑ Frick DN, Richardson CC. DNA primases. Annu Rev Biochem. 2001;70:39-80. PMID:11395402 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.70.1.39
  6. ↑ Naue N, Beerbaum M, Bogutzki A, Schmieder P, Curth U. The helicase-binding domain of Escherichia coli DnaG primase interacts with the highly conserved C-terminal region of single-stranded DNA-binding protein. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Apr;41(8):4507-17. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkt107. Epub 2013 Feb, 20. PMID:23430154 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt107
  7. ↑ Ahlquist P. RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, viruses, and RNA silencing. Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1270-3. PMID:12016304 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1069132
  8. ↑ Fukushi S, Kojima S, Takai R, Hoshino FB, Oka T, Takeda N, Katayama K, Kageyama T. Poly(A)- and primer-independent RNA polymerase of Norovirus. J Virol. 2004 Apr;78(8):3889-96. PMID:15047805

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