1r4w

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[[Image:1r4w.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1r4w" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
 
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caption="1r4w, resolution 2.5&Aring;" />
 
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'''Crystal structure of Mitochondrial class kappa glutathione transferase'''<br />
 
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==Overview==
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==Crystal structure of Mitochondrial class kappa glutathione transferase==
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The class kappa glutathione (GSH) transferase is an enzyme that resides in the mitochondrial matrix. Its relationship to members of the canonical GSH transferase superfamily has remained an enigma. The three-dimensional structure of the class kappa enzyme from rat (rGSTK1-1) in complex with GSH has been solved by single isomorphous replacement with anomalous scattering at a resolution of 2.5 A. The structure reveals that the enzyme is more closely related to the protein disulfide bond isomerase, dsbA, from Escherichia coli than it is to members of the canonical superfamily. The structures of rGSTK1-1 and the canonical superfamily members indicate that the proteins folds have diverged from a common thioredoxin/glutaredoxin progenitor but did so by different mechanisms. The mitochondrial enzyme, therefore, represents a fourth protein superfamily that supports GSH transferase activity. The thioredoxin domain functions in a manner that is similar to that seen in the canonical enzymes by providing key structural elements for the recognition of GSH. The hydroxyl group of S16 is within hydrogen-bonding distance of the sulfur of bound GSH and is, in part, responsible for the ionization of the thiol in the E*GSH complex (pKa = 6.4 +/- 0.1). Preequilibrium kinetic experiments indicate that the k(on) for GSH is 1 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1) and k(off) for GS- is approximately 8 s(-1) and relatively slow with respect to turnover with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). As a result, the KM(GSH) (11 mM) is much larger than the apparent Kd(GSH) (90 microM). The active site has a relatively open access channel that is flanked by disordered loops that may explain the relatively high turnover number (280 s(-1) at pH 7.0) toward CDNB. The disordered loops form an extensive contiguous patch on one face of the dimeric enzyme, a fact that suggests that the protein surface may interact with a membrane or other protein partner.
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<StructureSection load='1r4w' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1r4w]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1r4w]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1R4W OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1R4W FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GSH:GLUTATHIONE'>GSH</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1r4w FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1r4w OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1r4w PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1r4w RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1r4w PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1r4w ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GSTK1_RAT GSTK1_RAT] Might confer protection against genotoxic and cytotoxic electrophiles in the mitochondrial compartment.
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/r4/1r4w_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1r4w ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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==About this Structure==
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==See Also==
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1R4W is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus] with <scene name='pdbligand=GSH:'>GSH</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione_transferase Glutathione transferase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.5.1.18 2.5.1.18] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1R4W OCA].
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*[[Glutathione S-transferase 3D structures|Glutathione S-transferase 3D structures]]
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__TOC__
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==Reference==
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</StructureSection>
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Parallel evolutionary pathways for glutathione transferases: structure and mechanism of the mitochondrial class kappa enzyme rGSTK1-1., Ladner JE, Parsons JF, Rife CL, Gilliland GL, Armstrong RN, Biochemistry. 2004 Jan 20;43(2):352-61. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=14717589 14717589]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Glutathione transferase]]
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[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
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[[Category: Single protein]]
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[[Category: Armstrong RN]]
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[[Category: Armstrong, R N.]]
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[[Category: Gilliland GL]]
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[[Category: Gilliland, G L.]]
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[[Category: Ladner JE]]
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[[Category: Ladner, J E.]]
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[[Category: Parsons JF]]
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[[Category: Parsons, J F.]]
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[[Category: Rife CL]]
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[[Category: Rife, C L.]]
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[[Category: GSH]]
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[[Category: glutathione transferase]]
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[[Category: glutathione-s-transferase]]
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[[Category: kappa gst]]
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[[Category: rgstk1-1]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 14:47:07 2008''
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Current revision

Crystal structure of Mitochondrial class kappa glutathione transferase

PDB ID 1r4w

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