D-xylose isomerase

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{{STRUCTURE_4xis| PDB=4xis | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Mn-containing D-xylose isomerase complex with xylose, [[4xis]]. }}
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<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of D-xylose isomerase complex with D-xylose and Mn+2 ions (purple) (PDB code [[1xld]]).' scene='52/525128/Cv/1'>
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== Function ==
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'''D-xylose isomerase''' (DXI) catalyzes the conversion of D-xylose (DX) to D-xylitol. DXI is part of the fructose and mannose metabolism pathways and is used commercially in the production of corn syrup. Sorbitol is a competitive inhibitor of DXI. DXI is a metal-ion activated tetramer.
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'''D-xylose isomerase''' (DXI) catalyzes the conversion of D-xylose (DX) to D-xylitol. DXI is part of the fructose and mannose metabolism pathways. Sorbitol is a competitive inhibitor of DXI. DXI is a metal-ion activated tetramer.<ref>PMID:13421660</ref>
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==3D structures of D-xylose isomerase==
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== Relevance ==
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[[6xia]] – DXI – ''Streptomyces albus''<br />
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DXI is used commercially in the production of high fructose corn syrup.
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[[1xla]] – ArDXI – ''Arthrobacter''<br />
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[[3xin]], [[7xim]] - AmDXI - ''Actinoplanes missouriensis''<br />
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[[1bhw]] - AmDXI (mutant) <br />
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[[1bxb]], [[1bxc]] - DXI – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
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[[2gub]], [[3kbj]], [[3kcj]] – SrDXI - ''Streptomyces rubiginosus''<br />
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[[3qza]] - SrDXI - neutron
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==Mn-containing DXI==
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== Structural highlights ==
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[[1xis]], [[1xib]], [[1xij]], [[2glk]], [[3n4a]] – SrDXI + Mn<br />
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<scene name='52/525128/Cv/7'>The biological assembly of D-xylose isomerase</scene> from ''Arthrobacter sp'' is homotetramer. DXI active site contains <scene name='52/525128/Cv/8'>2 Mn+2 ions</scene> and the <scene name='52/525128/Cv/9'>ligand binding pocket is composed of aromatic and acidic residues</scene> (water molecules shown as red spheres).<ref>PMID:2319597</ref>
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[[2gyi]] - SoDXI + Mn – ''Streptomyces olivochromogenos''<br />
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==3D structures of D-xylose isomerase==
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[[1xle]], [[1xlk]] - ArDXI + Mn<br />
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[[D-xylose isomerase 3D structures]]
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[[1a0d]] - DXI + Mn – ''Bacillus stearothermophilus''
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===Mn-containing DXI complex===
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[[4xis]], [[1xic]] - SrDXI + DX + Mn<br />
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[[1xld]], [[1xlj]] - ArDXI + xylitol + Mn<br />
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[[1xig]], [[3gnx]] - SrDXI + xylitol + Mn<br />
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[[1s5n]] - SoDXI + xylitol + Mn<br />
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[[1xii]] - SrDXI + xylulose + Mn<br />
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[[8xia]] – SrDXI + DX + Mn<br />
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[[9xia]] – SrDXI + fructose + Mn<br />
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[[1xif]] - SrDXI + glucose + Mn<br />
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[[1s5m]] - SoDXI + glucose + Mn<br />
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[[1xid]] - SrDXI + ascorbate + Mn<br />
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[[1xie]], [[1xih]] - SrDXI + sorbitol + Mn<br />
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[[1did]] - ArDXI + glucitol + Mn<br />
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[[1xlf]] - ArDXI + gluconic acid + Mn<br />
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[[1xli]] - ArDXI + glucose derivative + Mn<br />
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==Mg-containing DXI==
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[[1xlb]] - ArDXI + Mg<br />
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[[1xya]], [[1xyl]] - SoDXI + Mg<br />
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[[3u3h]] - SrDXI + Mg<br />
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===Mg-containing DXI complex===
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[[1xyb]], [[1xym]] - SoDXI + glucose + Mg<br />
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[[1xyc]] - SoDXI + fructose + Mg<br />
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[[4xia]], [[5xim]] – ArDXI + sorbitol + Mg<br />
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[[5xia]], [[1xlc]], [[1xlg]] – ArDXI + xylitol + Mg<br />
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[[2xis]], [[4duo]] - SrDXI + xylitol + Mg<br />
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[[3cwh]] - SrDXI + xylulose + Mg<br />
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[[2xim]], [[1xin]] - AmDXI + xylitol + Mg<br />
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[[5xin]], [[6xim]], [[8xim]], [[9xim]] - AmDXI + DX + Mg<br />
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[[3xis]] - SrDXI + DX + Mg<br />
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[[1die]] - ArDXI + moranoline + Mg<br />
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==Co-containing DXI==
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[[4xim]] - AmDXI + Co<br />
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[[2a0c]] - DXI + Co – ''Thermoanaerobacterium''<br />
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[[1a0e]] - DXI + Co – ''Thermotoga neapolitana''<br />
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[[1qt1]] - SdDXI + Co – ''Streptomyces diastaticus''<br />
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[[2gve]], [[4a8i]], [[4a8l]], [[4a8r]], [[4a8n]] - SrDXI + Co<br />
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===Co-containing DXI complex===
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[[1xim]] - AmDXI + xylitol + Co<br />
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[[3xim]], [[2xin]] - AmDXI + sorbitol + Co<br />
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==Al-containing DXI==
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[[1xlh]] - ArDXI + Al<br />
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[[1xlm]] - ArDXI (mutant) + xylitol + Al
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==Zn-containing DXI==
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[[1xll]] - ArDXI + Zn
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==Cd-containing DXI==
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[[3kbs]] - SrDXI + Cd<br />
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[[3kbm]], [[3kcl]] - SrDXI + glucose + Cd
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==Ni-containing DXI==
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[[3kbv]], [[3qys]] - SrDXI + Ni<br />
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[[3kbn]], [[3kco]] - SrDXI + glucose + Ni<br />
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[[4dvo]] - SrDXI + sorbitol + Ni
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==Ca-containing DXI==
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[[1gw9]] - SrDXI + DX + Ca
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</StructureSection>
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==Bi-metal-containing DXI==
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== References ==
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<references/>
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[[1mnz]], [[1o1h]], [[2g4j]] - SrDXI + Mg + Ca<br />
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[[Category:Topic Page]]
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[[1oad]], [[4e3v]] - SrDXI + Mg + Mn<br />
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[[1muw]] - SoDXI + Mg + Mn<br />
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[[1clk]] - SdDXI + Co + Mg<br />
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[[3kbw]] - SrDXI + Ni + Mg<br />
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Current revision

Structure of D-xylose isomerase complex with D-xylose and Mn+2 ions (purple) (PDB code 1xld).

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References

  1. ↑ MARSHALL RO, KOOI ER. Enzymatic conversion of D-glucose to D-fructose. Science. 1957 Apr 5;125(3249):648-9. PMID:13421660
  2. ↑ Collyer CA, Henrick K, Blow DM. Mechanism for aldose-ketose interconversion by D-xylose isomerase involving ring opening followed by a 1,2-hydride shift. J Mol Biol. 1990 Mar 5;212(1):211-35. PMID:2319597

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

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