2acj

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{{STRUCTURE_2acj| PDB=2acj | SCENE= }}
 
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===Crystal structure of the B/Z junction containing DNA bound to Z-DNA binding proteins===
 
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_16237447}}
 
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==About this Structure==
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==Crystal structure of the B/Z junction containing DNA bound to Z-DNA binding proteins==
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[[2acj]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2ACJ OCA].
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<StructureSection load='2acj' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2acj]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.60&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2acj]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2ACJ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ACJ FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.6&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2acj FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2acj OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2acj PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2acj RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2acj PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2acj ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Disease ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DSRAD_HUMAN DSRAD_HUMAN] Defects in ADAR are a cause of dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria (DSH) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/127400 127400]; also known as reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi. DSH is a pigmentary genodermatosis of autosomal dominant inheritance characterized by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules distributed on the dorsal parts of the hands and feet.<ref>PMID:12916015</ref> <ref>PMID:15146470</ref> <ref>PMID:15659327</ref>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DSRAD_HUMAN DSRAD_HUMAN] Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can be editing-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNA editing at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viral particles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR and the Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated as amber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the large delta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibit HDV replication.<ref>PMID:15556947</ref> <ref>PMID:15858013</ref> <ref>PMID:16475990</ref> <ref>PMID:17079286</ref> <ref>PMID:19710021</ref> <ref>PMID:19605474</ref> <ref>PMID:19651874</ref> <ref>PMID:19908260</ref> <ref>PMID:21289159</ref> <ref>PMID:22278222</ref>
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ac/2acj_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2acj ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
==See Also==
==See Also==
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*[[Adenosine deaminase 3D structures|Adenosine deaminase 3D structures]]
*[[Z-DNA|Z-DNA]]
*[[Z-DNA|Z-DNA]]
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== References ==
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==Reference==
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<references/>
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<ref group="xtra">PMID:016237447</ref><references group="xtra"/>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Ha, S C.]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Kim, K K.]]
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[[Category: Ha SC]]
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[[Category: Kim, Y G.]]
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[[Category: Kim KK]]
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[[Category: Lowenhaupt, K.]]
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[[Category: Kim Y-G]]
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[[Category: Rich, A.]]
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[[Category: Lowenhaupt K]]
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[[Category: A b-z juction]]
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[[Category: Rich A]]
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[[Category: Hydrolase-dna complex]]
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[[Category: Protein-dna complex]]
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Current revision

Crystal structure of the B/Z junction containing DNA bound to Z-DNA binding proteins

PDB ID 2acj

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