2knc

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{{STRUCTURE_2knc| PDB=2knc | SCENE= }}
 
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===Platelet integrin ALFAIIB-BETA3 transmembrane-cytoplasmic heterocomplex===
 
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_19805198}}
 
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==Disease==
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==Platelet integrin ALFAIIB-BETA3 transmembrane-cytoplasmic heterocomplex==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITA2B_HUMAN ITA2B_HUMAN]] Defects in ITGA2B are a cause of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/273800 273800]]; also known as thrombasthenia of Glanzmann and Naegeli. GT is the most common inherited disease of platelets. It is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding of mild-to-moderate severity and the inability of this integrin to recognize macromolecular or synthetic peptide ligands. GT has been classified clinically into types I and II. In type I, platelets show absence of the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complexes at their surface and lack fibrinogen and clot retraction capability. In type II, the platelets express the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complex at reduced levels (5-20% controls), have detectable amounts of fibrinogen, and have low or moderate clot retraction capability. The platelets of GT 'variants' have normal or near normal (60-100%) expression of dysfunctional receptors.<ref>PMID:8282784</ref><ref>PMID:7508443</ref><ref>PMID:7706461</ref><ref>PMID:8704171</ref><ref>PMID:9215749</ref><ref>PMID:9473221</ref><ref>PMID:9763559</ref><ref>PMID:9722314</ref><ref>PMID:9734640</ref><ref>PMID:9920835</ref><ref>PMID:10607701</ref><ref>PMID:11798398</ref><ref>PMID:12181054</ref><ref>PMID:12083483</ref><ref>PMID:12424194</ref><ref>PMID:12506038</ref><ref>PMID:15099289</ref><ref>PMID:15219201</ref><ref>PMID:17018384</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITB3_HUMAN ITB3_HUMAN]] Defects in ITGB3 are a cause of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/273800 273800]]; also known as thrombasthenia of Glanzmann and Naegeli. GT is the most common inherited disease of platelets. It is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding of mild-to-moderate severity and the inability of this integrin to recognize macromolecular or synthetic peptide ligands. GT has been classified clinically into types I and II. In type I, platelets show absence of the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complexes at their surface and lack fibrinogen and clot retraction capability. In type II, the platelets express the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complex at reduced levels (5-20% controls), have detectable amounts of fibrinogen, and have low or moderate clot retraction capability. The platelets of GT 'variants' have normal or near normal (60-100%) expression of dysfunctional receptors.<ref>PMID:2392682</ref><ref>PMID:1371279</ref><ref>PMID:1602006</ref><ref>PMID:1438206</ref><ref>PMID:8781422</ref><ref>PMID:9376589</ref><ref>PMID:9215749</ref><ref>PMID:9790984</ref><ref>PMID:9684783</ref><ref>PMID:10233432</ref><ref>PMID:11588040</ref><ref>PMID:11897046</ref><ref>PMID:12083483</ref><ref>PMID:12353082</ref><ref>PMID:15583747</ref><ref>PMID:15634267</ref><ref>PMID:15748237</ref>
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<StructureSection load='2knc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2knc]]' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2knc]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2KNC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2KNC FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2knc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2knc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2knc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2knc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2knc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2knc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Disease ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITA2B_HUMAN ITA2B_HUMAN] Defects in ITGA2B are a cause of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/273800 273800]; also known as thrombasthenia of Glanzmann and Naegeli. GT is the most common inherited disease of platelets. It is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding of mild-to-moderate severity and the inability of this integrin to recognize macromolecular or synthetic peptide ligands. GT has been classified clinically into types I and II. In type I, platelets show absence of the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complexes at their surface and lack fibrinogen and clot retraction capability. In type II, the platelets express the glycoprotein IIb/beta-3 complex at reduced levels (5-20% controls), have detectable amounts of fibrinogen, and have low or moderate clot retraction capability. The platelets of GT 'variants' have normal or near normal (60-100%) expression of dysfunctional receptors.<ref>PMID:8282784</ref> <ref>PMID:7508443</ref> <ref>PMID:7706461</ref> <ref>PMID:8704171</ref> <ref>PMID:9215749</ref> <ref>PMID:9473221</ref> <ref>PMID:9763559</ref> <ref>PMID:9722314</ref> <ref>PMID:9734640</ref> <ref>PMID:9920835</ref> <ref>PMID:10607701</ref> <ref>PMID:11798398</ref> <ref>PMID:12181054</ref> <ref>PMID:12083483</ref> <ref>PMID:12424194</ref> <ref>PMID:12506038</ref> <ref>PMID:15099289</ref> <ref>PMID:15219201</ref> <ref>PMID:17018384</ref>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITA2B_HUMAN ITA2B_HUMAN] Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. It recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet/platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation which physically plugs ruptured endothelial cell surface.
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/kn/2knc_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2knc ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Heterodimeric integrin adhesion receptors regulate diverse biological processes including angiogenesis, thrombosis and wound healing. The transmembrane-cytoplasmic domains (TMCDs) of integrins play a critical role in controlling activation of these receptors via an inside-out signaling mechanism, but the precise structural basis remains elusive. Here, we present the solution structure of integrin alphaIIb beta3 TMCD heterodimer, which reveals a right-handed coiled-coil conformation with 2 helices intertwined throughout the transmembrane region. The helices extend into the cytoplasm and form a clasp that differs significantly from a recently published alphaIIb beta3 TMCD structure. We show that while a point mutation in the clasp interface modestly activates alphaIIb beta3, additional mutations in the transmembrane interface have a synergistic effect, leading to extensive integrin activation. Detailed analyses and structural comparison with previous studies suggest that extensive integrin activation is a highly concerted conformational transition process, which involves transmembrane coiled-coil unwinding that is triggered by the membrane-mediated alteration and disengagement of the membrane-proximal clasp. Our results provide atomic insight into a type I transmembrane receptor heterocomplex and the mechanism of integrin inside-out transmembrane signaling.
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==Function==
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Structure of an integrin alphaIIb beta3 transmembrane-cytoplasmic heterocomplex provides insight into integrin activation.,Yang J, Ma YQ, Page RC, Misra S, Plow EF, Qin J Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 20;106(42):17729-34. Epub 2009 Oct 1. PMID:19805198<ref>PMID:19805198</ref>
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITA2B_HUMAN ITA2B_HUMAN]] Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. It recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet/platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation which physically plugs ruptured endothelial cell surface. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ITB3_HUMAN ITB3_HUMAN]] Integrin alpha-V/beta-3 is a receptor for cytotactin, fibronectin, laminin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, osteopontin, osteomodulin, prothrombin, thrombospondin, vitronectin and von Willebrand factor. Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. Integrins alpha-IIb/beta-3 and alpha-V/beta-3 recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet/platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation which physically plugs ruptured endothelial surface. In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.
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==About this Structure==
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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[[2knc]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2KNC OCA].
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2knc" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
==See Also==
==See Also==
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*[[Integrin|Integrin]]
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*[[Integrin 3D structures|Integrin 3D structures]]
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== References ==
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==Reference==
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<references/>
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<ref group="xtra">PMID:019805198</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Ma, Y.]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Misra, S.]]
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[[Category: Ma Y]]
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[[Category: Page, R C.]]
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[[Category: Misra S]]
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[[Category: Plow, E F.]]
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[[Category: Page RC]]
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[[Category: Qin, J.]]
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[[Category: Plow EF]]
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[[Category: Yang, J.]]
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[[Category: Qin J]]
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[[Category: Cell adhesion]]
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[[Category: Yang J]]
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[[Category: Cleavage on pair of basic residue]]
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[[Category: Disease mutation]]
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[[Category: Disulfide bond]]
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[[Category: Glycoprotein]]
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[[Category: Host-virus interaction]]
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[[Category: Integrin]]
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[[Category: Membrane]]
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[[Category: Phosphoprotein]]
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[[Category: Protein structure]]
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[[Category: Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid]]
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[[Category: Receptor]]
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[[Category: Transmembrane]]
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[[Category: Transmembrane signaling]]
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Current revision

Platelet integrin ALFAIIB-BETA3 transmembrane-cytoplasmic heterocomplex

PDB ID 2knc

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