3ho0

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{{STRUCTURE_3ho0| PDB=3ho0 | SCENE= }}
 
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===Crystal structure of the PPARgamma-LBD complexed with a new aryloxy-3phenylpropanoic acid===
 
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_19775169}}
 
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==Disease==
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==Crystal structure of the PPARgamma-LBD complexed with a new aryloxy-3phenylpropanoic acid==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN]] Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer. Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/601665 601665]]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.<ref>PMID:9753710</ref> Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/604367 604367]]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.<ref>PMID:12453919</ref><ref>PMID:11788685</ref> Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/137800 137800]]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.
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<StructureSection load='3ho0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ho0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.60&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ho0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3HO0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3HO0 FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.6&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DKD:(2S)-2-(4-PHENETHYLPHENOXY)-3-PHENYL-PROPANOIC+ACID'>DKD</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ho0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ho0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ho0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ho0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ho0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ho0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Disease ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN] Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer. Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601665 601665]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.<ref>PMID:9753710</ref> Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/604367 604367]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.<ref>PMID:12453919</ref> <ref>PMID:11788685</ref> Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/137800 137800]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN] Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.<ref>PMID:9065481</ref> <ref>PMID:16150867</ref> <ref>PMID:20829347</ref>
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ho/3ho0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3ho0 ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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The preparation of a new series of 2-aryloxy-3-phenyl-propanoic acids, resulting from the introduction of a linker into the diphenyl system of the previously reported PPARalpha/gamma dual agonist 1, allowed the identification of new ligands with improved potency on PPARalpha and unchanged activity on PPARgamma. For the most interesting stereoisomers S-2 and S-4, X-ray studies in PPARgamma and docking experiments in PPARalpha provided a molecular explanation for their different behavior as full and partial agonists of PPARalpha and PPARgamma, respectively. Due to the adverse effects provoked by hypolipidemic drugs on skeletal muscle function, we also investigated the blocking activity of S-2 and S-4 on skeletal muscle membrane chloride channel conductance and found that these ligands have a pharmacological profile more beneficial compared to fibrates currently used in therapy.
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==Function==
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New 2-aryloxy-3-phenyl-propanoic acids as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha/gamma dual agonists with improved potency and reduced adverse effects on skeletal muscle function.,Fracchiolla G, Laghezza A, Piemontese L, Tortorella P, Mazza F, Montanari R, Pochetti G, Lavecchia A, Novellino E, Pierno S, Conte Camerino D, Loiodice F J Med Chem. 2009 Oct 22;52(20):6382-93. PMID:19775169<ref>PMID:19775169</ref>
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN]] Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.<ref>PMID:9065481</ref><ref>PMID:16150867</ref><ref>PMID:20829347</ref>
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==About this Structure==
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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[[3ho0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3HO0 OCA].
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3ho0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
==See Also==
==See Also==
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*[[Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors|Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors]]
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*[[Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 3D structures|Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 3D structures]]
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== References ==
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==Reference==
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<references/>
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<ref group="xtra">PMID:019775169</ref><ref group="xtra">PMID:019053776</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Fracchiolla, G.]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Laghezza, A.]]
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[[Category: Fracchiolla G]]
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[[Category: Lavecchia, A.]]
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[[Category: Laghezza A]]
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[[Category: Loiodice, F.]]
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[[Category: Lavecchia A]]
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[[Category: Mazza, F.]]
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[[Category: Loiodice F]]
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[[Category: Montanari, R.]]
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[[Category: Mazza F]]
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[[Category: Novellino, E.]]
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[[Category: Montanari R]]
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[[Category: Pochetti, G.]]
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[[Category: Novellino E]]
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[[Category: Activator]]
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[[Category: Pochetti G]]
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[[Category: Bundle of alpha-helice]]
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[[Category: Diabetes mellitus]]
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[[Category: Disease mutation]]
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[[Category: Dna-binding]]
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[[Category: Metal-binding]]
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[[Category: Nucleus]]
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[[Category: Obesity]]
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[[Category: Phosphoprotein]]
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[[Category: Receptor]]
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[[Category: Small four-stranded beta-sheet]]
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[[Category: Transcription]]
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[[Category: Transcription regulation]]
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[[Category: Zinc-finger]]
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Current revision

Crystal structure of the PPARgamma-LBD complexed with a new aryloxy-3phenylpropanoic acid

PDB ID 3ho0

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