3ktr

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{{STRUCTURE_3ktr| PDB=3ktr | SCENE= }}
 
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===Structural basis of ataxin-2 recognition by poly(A)-binding protein===
 
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_20181956}}
 
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==Disease==
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==Structural basis of ataxin-2 recognition by poly(A)-binding protein==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATX2_HUMAN ATX2_HUMAN]] Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. Defects in ATXN2 are the cause of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/183090 183090]]; also known as olivopontocerebellar atrophy II (OPCA II or OPCA2). Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders. Patients show progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements, due to cerebellum degeneration with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord. SCA2 belongs to the autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias type I (ADCA I) which are characterized by cerebellar ataxia in combination with additional clinical features like optic atrophy, ophthalmoplegia, bulbar and extrapyramidal signs, peripheral neuropathy and dementia. SCA2 is characterized by hyporeflexia, myoclonus and action tremor and dopamine-responsive parkinsonism. Note=SCA2 is caused by expansion of a CAG repeat resulting in about 36 to 52 repeats in some patients. Longer expansions result in earlier the expansion, onset of the disease.<ref>PMID:8896555</ref> <ref>PMID:8896556</ref> <ref>PMID:8896557</ref> Defects in ATXN2 are a cause of susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 13 (ALS13) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/183090 183090]]. It is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord, resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. Death usually occurs within 2 to 5 years. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of the cases. Note=An increased risk for developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is seems to be conferred by CAG repeat intermediate expansions greater than 23 but below the threshold for developing spinocerebellar ataxia.<ref>PMID:20740007</ref>
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<StructureSection load='3ktr' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ktr]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.70&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ktr]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3KTR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3KTR FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.7&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CD:CADMIUM+ION'>CD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ktr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ktr OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ktr PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ktr RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ktr PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ktr ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PABP1_HUMAN PABP1_HUMAN] Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA. May be involved in cytoplasmic regulatory processes of mRNA metabolism such as pre-mRNA splicing. Its function in translational initiation regulation can either be enhanced by PAIP1 or repressed by PAIP2. Can probably bind to cytoplasmic RNA sequences other than poly(A) in vivo. Involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain. Involved in regulation of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons; for the recognition of premature termination codons (PTC) and initiation of NMD a competitive interaction between UPF1 and PABPC1 with the ribosome-bound release factors is proposed.<ref>PMID:11051545</ref> <ref>PMID:18447585</ref>
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/kt/3ktr_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3ktr ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Poly(A)-binding protein (PABPC1) is involved in multiple aspects of mRNA processing and translation. It is a component of RNA stress granules and binds the RNA-induced silencing complex to promote degradation of silenced mRNAs. Here, we report the crystal structures of the C-terminal Mlle (or PABC) domain in complex with peptides from GW182 (TNRC6C) and Ataxin-2. The structures reveal overlapping binding sites but with unexpected diversity in the peptide conformation and residues involved in binding. The mutagenesis and binding studies show low to submicromolar binding affinity with overlapping but distinct specificity determinants. These results rationalize the role of the Mlle domain of PABPC1 in microRNA-mediated mRNA deadenylation and suggest a more general function in the assembly of cytoplasmic RNA granules.
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==Function==
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Structural basis of binding of P-body-associated proteins GW182 and ataxin-2 by the Mlle domain of poly(A)-binding protein.,Kozlov G, Safaee N, Rosenauer A, Gehring K J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 30;285(18):13599-606. Epub 2010 Feb 24. PMID:20181956<ref>PMID:20181956</ref>
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PABP1_HUMAN PABP1_HUMAN]] Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA. May be involved in cytoplasmic regulatory processes of mRNA metabolism such as pre-mRNA splicing. Its function in translational initiation regulation can either be enhanced by PAIP1 or repressed by PAIP2. Can probably bind to cytoplasmic RNA sequences other than poly(A) in vivo. Involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain. Involved in regulation of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons; for the recognition of premature termination codons (PTC) and initiation of NMD a competitive interaction between UPF1 and PABPC1 with the ribosome-bound release factors is proposed.<ref>PMID:11051545</ref> <ref>PMID:18447585</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATX2_HUMAN ATX2_HUMAN]] Involved in EGFR trafficking, acting as negative regulator of endocytic EGFR internalization at the plasma membrane.<ref>PMID:18602463</ref>
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==About this Structure==
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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[[3ktr]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3KTR OCA].
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3ktr" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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==Reference==
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== References ==
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<ref group="xtra">PMID:020181956</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>
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<references/>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Gehring, K.]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Kozlov, G.]]
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[[Category: Gehring K]]
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[[Category: Methylation]]
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[[Category: Kozlov G]]
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[[Category: Mrna processing]]
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[[Category: Mrna splicing]]
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[[Category: Neurodegeneration]]
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[[Category: Nucleus]]
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[[Category: Parkinsonism]]
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[[Category: Phosphoprotein]]
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[[Category: Protein binding]]
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[[Category: Protein-protein complex]]
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[[Category: Rna-binding]]
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[[Category: Spinocerebellar ataxia]]
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[[Category: Spliceosome]]
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Structural basis of ataxin-2 recognition by poly(A)-binding protein

PDB ID 3ktr

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