Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase

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<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='54/540181/Cv/1' caption='Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase dimer complex with GGPP and Mg+2 (green) [[2z4v]]'>
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[[Image:2z4v.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase complex with GGPP and Mg+2 [[2z4v]]]]
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{{STRUCTURE_2z4v| PDB=2z4v | SIZE=350| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase complex with GGPP and Mg+2 [[2z4v]] }}
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== Function ==
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'''Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase''' (GGPPS) catalyzes the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate. GGPPS is involved in the addition of hydrophobic molecules to proteins and in the regulation of a nuclear hormone receptor<ref>PMID:2730002</ref>.
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== Relevance ==
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GGPPS inhibitors are studied as therapeutical targets since geranylgeranylation is a post-translational modification of several proteins involved in human disease<ref>PMID:22048229</ref>.
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== Structural highlights ==
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<scene name='54/540181/Cv/5'>GGPP - the product of GGPPS catalysis interacts with Mg+2 ions in the active site</scene><ref>PMID:18800762</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres.
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== 3D Structures of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase==
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[[Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase 3D structures]]
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</StructureSection>
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== References ==
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<references/>
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[[Category:Topic Page]]
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'''Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase''' (GGPPS) catalyzes the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate. GGPPS is involved in the addition of hydrophobic molecules to proteins and in the regulation of a nuclear hormone receptor.
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== 3D Structures of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase==
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Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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[[2dh4]] – yGGPPS + Mg - yeast<br />
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[[2e8t]] – yGGPPS + Mg + isopentenyl pyrophosphate + farnesyl thiopyrophosphate<br />
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[[2e8u]], [[2e8w]] – yGGPPS + Mg + isopentenyl pyrophosphate <br />
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[[2e8v]] – yGGPPS + GGPP<br />
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[[2z4v]] – yGGPPS + GGPP + Mg<br />
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[[2e8x]] – yGGPPS + GPP + Mg<br />
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[[2e90]] – yGGPPS + Mg + PP + farnesyl pyrophosphate<br />
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[[2e91]], [[2e92]], [[2e93]], [[2e94]], [[2e95]], [[2z7h]], [[2z4w]], [[2z4x]], [[2z4y]], [[2z4z]], [[2z50]], [[2z52]], [[2z78]], [[2z7i]], [[2zeu]] – yGGPPS + Mg + inhibitor<br />
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[[2zev]] – yGGPPS + Mg + isopentenyl pyrophosphate + inhibitor<br />
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[[2q80]] – GGPPS + GGPP + Mg - human<br />
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Current revision

Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase dimer complex with GGPP and Mg+2 (green) 2z4v

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. ↑ Croteau R, Purkett PT. Geranyl pyrophosphate synthase: characterization of the enzyme and evidence that this chain-length specific prenyltransferase is associated with monoterpene biosynthesis in sage (Salvia officinalis). Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Jun;271(2):524-35. PMID:2730002
  2. ↑ Wiemer AJ, Wiemer DF, Hohl RJ. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: an emerging therapeutic target. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Dec;90(6):804-12. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.215. Epub 2011, Nov 2. PMID:22048229 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2011.215
  3. ↑ K-M Chen C, Hudock MP, Zhang Y, Guo RT, Cao R, No JH, Liang PH, Ko TP, Chang TH, Chang SC, Song Y, Axelson J, Kumar A, Wang AH, Oldfield E. Inhibition of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase by bisphosphonates: a crystallographic and computational investigation. J Med Chem. 2008 Sep 25;51(18):5594-607. PMID:18800762 doi:10.1021/jm800325y

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

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