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| - | [[Image:2fd4.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2fd4" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" | |
| - | caption="2fd4, resolution 1.80Å" /> | |
| - | '''Crystal Structure of AvrPtoB (436-553)'''<br /> | |
| | | | |
| - | ==Overview== | + | ==Crystal Structure of AvrPtoB (436-553)== |
| - | The Pseudomonas syringae protein AvrPtoB is translocated into plant cells, where it inhibits immunity-associated programmed cell death (PCD). The structure of a C-terminal domain of AvrPtoB that is essential for anti-PCD activity reveals an unexpected homology to the U-box and RING-finger components of eukaryotic E3 ubiquitin ligases, and we show that AvrPtoB has ubiquitin ligase activity. Mutation of conserved residues involved in the binding of E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes abolishes this activity in vitro, as well as anti-PCD activity in tomato leaves, which dramatically decreases virulence. These results show that Pseudomonas syringae uses a mimic of host E3 ubiquitin ligases to inactivate plant defenses.
| + | <StructureSection load='2fd4' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2fd4]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80Å' scene=''> |
| | + | == Structural highlights == |
| | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2fd4]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_syringae Pseudomonas syringae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2FD4 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2FD4 FirstGlance]. <br> |
| | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.8Å</td></tr> |
| | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2fd4 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2fd4 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2fd4 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2fd4 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2fd4 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2fd4 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | + | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HPAB2_PSESM HPAB2_PSESM] Effector protein involved in gene-for-gene resistance in tomato plants. It is recognized by the host Pto resistance protein and elicits Pto and Prf-dependent hypersensitive response (HR) and programmed cell death (PCD), resulting in host immunity. In susceptible plants, acts as a virulence factor by suppressing PCD and HR-based plant immunity. This function requires its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity probably by recruiting E2 enzymes and transferring ubiquitin molecules to cellular proteins involved in regulation of PCD and targeting them for degradation. Also, induces expression of host genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, in particular ACO1 and ACO2, encoding the ethylene-forming enzyme ACC oxidase.<ref>PMID:12062102</ref> <ref>PMID:12505984</ref> <ref>PMID:16167902</ref> <ref>PMID:16477026</ref> <ref>PMID:16373536</ref> |
| | | | |
| - | ==About this Structure== | + | ==See Also== |
| - | 2FD4 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_syringae Pseudomonas syringae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2FD4 OCA].
| + | *[[Avirulence protein 3D structures|Avirulence protein 3D structures]] |
| - | | + | == References == |
| - | ==Reference== | + | <references/> |
| - | A bacterial inhibitor of host programmed cell death defenses is an E3 ubiquitin ligase., Janjusevic R, Abramovitch RB, Martin GB, Stebbins CE, Science. 2006 Jan 13;311(5758):222-6. Epub 2005 Dec 22. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=16373536 16373536]
| + | __TOC__ |
| | + | </StructureSection> |
| | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| | [[Category: Pseudomonas syringae]] | | [[Category: Pseudomonas syringae]] |
| - | [[Category: Single protein]]
| + | [[Category: Janjusevic R]] |
| - | [[Category: Janjusevic, R.]] | + | [[Category: Stebbins CE]] |
| - | [[Category: Stebbins, C E.]] | + | |
| - | [[Category: avrptob]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: pseudomonas]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: ring finger]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: u-box]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: ubiquitin ligase]]
| + | |
| - | | + | |
| - | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 17:20:09 2008''
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
HPAB2_PSESM Effector protein involved in gene-for-gene resistance in tomato plants. It is recognized by the host Pto resistance protein and elicits Pto and Prf-dependent hypersensitive response (HR) and programmed cell death (PCD), resulting in host immunity. In susceptible plants, acts as a virulence factor by suppressing PCD and HR-based plant immunity. This function requires its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity probably by recruiting E2 enzymes and transferring ubiquitin molecules to cellular proteins involved in regulation of PCD and targeting them for degradation. Also, induces expression of host genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, in particular ACO1 and ACO2, encoding the ethylene-forming enzyme ACC oxidase.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
See Also
References
- ↑ Kim YJ, Lin NC, Martin GB. Two distinct Pseudomonas effector proteins interact with the Pto kinase and activate plant immunity. Cell. 2002 May 31;109(5):589-98. PMID:12062102
- ↑ Abramovitch RB, Kim YJ, Chen S, Dickman MB, Martin GB. Pseudomonas type III effector AvrPtoB induces plant disease susceptibility by inhibition of host programmed cell death. EMBO J. 2003 Jan 2;22(1):60-9. PMID:12505984 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/cdg006
- ↑ Cohn JR, Martin GB. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato type III effectors AvrPto and AvrPtoB promote ethylene-dependent cell death in tomato. Plant J. 2005 Oct;44(1):139-54. PMID:16167902 doi:http://dx.doi.org/TPJ2516
- ↑ Abramovitch RB, Janjusevic R, Stebbins CE, Martin GB. Type III effector AvrPtoB requires intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity to suppress plant cell death and immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 21;103(8):2851-6. Epub 2006 Feb 13. PMID:16477026 doi:http://dx.doi.org/0507892103
- ↑ Janjusevic R, Abramovitch RB, Martin GB, Stebbins CE. A bacterial inhibitor of host programmed cell death defenses is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Science. 2006 Jan 13;311(5758):222-6. Epub 2005 Dec 22. PMID:16373536 doi:http://dx.doi.org/1120131
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