2ggz

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[[Image:2ggz.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2ggz" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
 
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caption="2ggz, resolution 3.00&Aring;" />
 
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'''Crystal Structure of Human Guanylate Cyclase Activating Protein-3'''<br />
 
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==Overview==
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==Crystal Structure of Human Guanylate Cyclase Activating Protein-3==
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Absorption of light by visual pigments initiates the phototransduction pathway that results in degradation of the intracellular pool of cyclic-GMP (cGMP). This hydrolysis promotes the closing of cGMP-gated cation channels and consequent hyperpolarization of rod and cone photoreceptor cell membranes. Guanylate cyclase-activating proteins (GCAPs) are a family of proteins that regulate retinal guanylate cyclase (GC) activity in a Ca2+-dependent manner. At high [Ca2+], typical of the dark-adapted state (approximately 500 nM), GCAPs inhibit retinal GCs. At the low [Ca2+] (approximately 50 nM) that occurs after the closing of cGMP-gated channels, GCAPs activate retinal GCs to replenish dark-state cGMP levels. Here, we report the crystal structure of unmyristoylated human GCAP3 with Ca2+ bound. GCAP3 is an EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein with Ca2+ bound to EF2, 3 and 4, while Ca2+ binding to EF-hand 1 is disabled. GCAP3 contains two domains with the EF-hand motifs arranged in a tandem array similar to GCAP2 and members of the recoverin subfamily of Ca2+-binding proteins. Residues not involved in Ca2+ binding, but conserved in all GCAPs, cluster around EF1 in the N-terminal domain and may represent the interface with GCs. Five point mutations in the closely related GCAP1 have been linked to the etiology of cone dystrophies. These residues are conserved in GCAP3 and the structure suggests important roles for these amino acids. We present a homology model of GCAP1 based on GCAP3 that offers insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the autosomal dominant cone dystrophies produced by GCAP1 mutations.
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<StructureSection load='2ggz' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2ggz]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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==About this Structure==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2ggz]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2GGZ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2GGZ FirstGlance]. <br>
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2GGZ is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with <scene name='pdbligand=CA:'>CA</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2GGZ OCA].
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene></td></tr>
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==Reference==
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ggz FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2ggz OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2ggz PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2ggz RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2ggz PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2ggz ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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The crystal structure of GCAP3 suggests molecular mechanism of GCAP-linked cone dystrophies., Stephen R, Palczewski K, Sousa MC, J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 2;359(2):266-75. Epub 2006 Apr 3. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=16626734 16626734]
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</table>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GUC1C_HUMAN GUC1C_HUMAN] Stimulates guanylyl cyclase 1 (GC1) and GC2 when free calcium ions concentration is low and inhibits guanylyl cyclases when free calcium ions concentration is elevated. This Ca(2+)-sensitive regulation of guanylyl cyclase (GC) is a key event in recovery of the dark state of rod photoreceptors following light exposure.
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/gg/2ggz_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2ggz ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Single protein]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Stephen, R.]]
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[[Category: Stephen R]]
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[[Category: CA]]
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[[Category: ef hand]]
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[[Category: gcap]]
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[[Category: gcap-3]]
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[[Category: gcap3]]
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[[Category: guanylate cyclase activating protein]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 17:31:37 2008''
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Current revision

Crystal Structure of Human Guanylate Cyclase Activating Protein-3

PDB ID 2ggz

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