2tpt

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[[Image:2tpt.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2tpt" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
 
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caption="2tpt, resolution 2.6&Aring;" />
 
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'''STRUCTURAL AND THEORETICAL STUDIES SUGGEST DOMAIN MOVEMENT PRODUCES AN ACTIVE CONFORMATION OF THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE'''<br />
 
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==Overview==
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==STRUCTURAL AND THEORETICAL STUDIES SUGGEST DOMAIN MOVEMENT PRODUCES AN ACTIVE CONFORMATION OF THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE==
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Two new crystal forms of Escherichia coli thymidine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.4) have been found; a monoclinic form (space group P21) and an orthorhombic form (space group I222). These structures have been solved and compared to the previously determined tetragonal form (space group P43212). This comparison provides evidence of domain movement of the alpha (residues 1 to 65, 163 to 193) and alpha/beta (residues 80 to 154, 197 to 440) domains, which is thought to be critical for enzymatic activity by closing the active site cleft. Three hinge regions apparently allow the alpha and alpha/beta-domains to move relative to each other. The monoclinic model is the most open of the three models while the tetragonal model is the most closed. Phosphate binding induces formation of a hydrogen bond between His119 and Gly208, which helps to order the 115 to 120 loop that is disordered prior to phosphate binding. The formation of this hydrogen bond also appears to play a key role in the domain movement. The alpha-domain moves as a rigid body, while the alpha/beta-domain has some non-rigid body movement that is associated with the formation of the His119-Gly208 hydrogen bond. The 8 A distance between the two substrates reported for the tetragonal form indicates that it is probably not in an active conformation. However, the structural data for these two new crystal forms suggest that closing the interdomain cleft around the substrates may generate a functional active site. Molecular modeling and dynamics simulation techniques have been used to generate a hypothetical closed conformation of the enzyme. Analysis of this model suggests several residues of possible catalytic importance. The model explains observed kinetic results and satisfies requirements for efficient enzyme catalysis, most notably through the exclusion of water from the enzyme's active site.
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<StructureSection load='2tpt' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2tpt]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.60&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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==About this Structure==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2tpt]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli_K-12 Escherichia coli K-12]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2TPT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2TPT FirstGlance]. <br>
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2TPT is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli Escherichia coli] with <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:'>SO4</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine_phosphorylase Thymidine phosphorylase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.4.2.4 2.4.2.4] Known structural/functional Sites: <scene name='pdbsite=SO4:Sulfate+Bound+In+The+Phosphate+Binding+Site'>SO4</scene> and <scene name='pdbsite=THY:T+Binding+Site'>THY</scene>. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2TPT OCA].
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.6&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
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==Reference==
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2tpt FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2tpt OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2tpt PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2tpt RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2tpt PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2tpt ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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Structural and theoretical studies suggest domain movement produces an active conformation of thymidine phosphorylase., Pugmire MJ, Cook WJ, Jasanoff A, Walter MR, Ealick SE, J Mol Biol. 1998 Aug 14;281(2):285-99. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=9698549 9698549]
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</table>
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[[Category: Escherichia coli]]
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== Function ==
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[[Category: Single protein]]
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TYPH_ECOLI TYPH_ECOLI] The enzymes which catalyze the reversible phosphorolysis of pyrimidine nucleosides are involved in the degradation of these compounds and in their utilization as carbon and energy sources, or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis.
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[[Category: Thymidine phosphorylase]]
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Category: Cook, W J.]]
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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[[Category: Ealick, S E.]]
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Check<jmol>
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[[Category: Jasanoff, A.]]
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<jmolCheckbox>
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[[Category: Pugmire, M J.]]
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/tp/2tpt_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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[[Category: Walter, M R.]]
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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[[Category: SO4]]
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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[[Category: salvage pathway]]
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</jmolCheckbox>
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[[Category: thymidine phosphorylase]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2tpt ConSurf].
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[[Category: transferase]]
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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__TOC__
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 18:50:03 2008''
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</StructureSection>
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[[Category: Escherichia coli K-12]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Cook WJ]]
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[[Category: Ealick SE]]
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[[Category: Jasanoff A]]
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[[Category: Pugmire MJ]]
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[[Category: Walter MR]]

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STRUCTURAL AND THEORETICAL STUDIES SUGGEST DOMAIN MOVEMENT PRODUCES AN ACTIVE CONFORMATION OF THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE

PDB ID 2tpt

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