T-cell receptor

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[[Image:2xna.png|left|200px|thumb|hTCR α+β chains + enterotoxin, [[2xna]]]]
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<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='53/536684/Cv/1' caption='T-cell receptor α chain (deepskyblue), β chain (green) complex with enterotoxin (pink), glycerol and Na+ ion (purple) [[2xna]].'>
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{{STRUCTURE_2xna| PDB=2xna | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION= T-cell receptor α chain (grey), β chain (green) complex with enterotoxin (pink), glycerol and Na+ ion (purple) [[2xna]].}}
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__TOC__
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== Function ==
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'''T-cell receptors''' (TCR) reside on the surface of T lymphocytes. TCR recognizes antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The binding of TCR to the antigen-MHC activates the T lymphocytes<ref>PMID:17624994</ref>. TCR is a heterodimer of '''α+β subunits''' and ca. 5% the T cells have '''γ+δ subumits'''. '''TCR NKT''' reside in Natural Killer T-cells.
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*<scene name='53/536684/Cv/3'>T-cell receptor α chain, β chain complex with enterotoxin and Na+ ion</scene> ([[2xna]]).
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For more details see [[SP3.4-TCR-HLA-DQ8-∝-1-gliadin_complex]].
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== Relevance ==
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Genes encoding antigen-specific receptors into T cells can redirect their functional activity against targets including virally infected or cancer cells<ref>PMID:22610778</ref>. This technique is currently developed by several biotechnology companies and implemented in therapy.
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'''T-cell receptors''' (TCR) reside on the surface of T lymphocytes. TCR recognizes antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The binding of TCR to the antigen-MHC activates the T lymphocytes. TCR is a heterodimer α+β and ca. 5% the T cells have a γ+δ heterodimer. For more details see [[SP3.4-TCR-HLA-DQ8-∝-1-gliadin_complex]].
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== 3D structures of T-cell receptor==
== 3D structures of T-cell receptor==
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[[T-cell receptor 3D structures]]
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Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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</StructureSection>
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===TCR α chain===
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[[1ac6]], [[1b88]], [[1h5b]], [[1i9e]] – mTCR α chain variable domain - mouse<br />
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===TCR β chain===
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[[1bec]] – mTCR β chain <br />
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[[2axh]] – hTCR β chain (mutant) - human<br />
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[[2axj]] – hTCR β chain <br />
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[[2apb]], [[2apf]], [[2apt]], [[2apv]], [[2apw]], [[2apx]] – TCR β chain (mutant) - rat<br />
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===TCR β chain + antigen===
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[[1jck]], [[1sbb]], [[1l0x]], [[1l0y]], [[2aq1]], [[2aq2]], [[2aq3]], [[3mc0]] – mTCR β chain (mutant) + antigen<br />
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[[1ktk]], [[3byt]], [[3byy]], [[3bzd]] – hTCR β chain (mutant) + exotoxin type C <br />
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[[2ij0]] – hTCR β chain + toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 <br />
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===TCR δ chain===
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[[1tvd]] – hTCR δ chain variable domain <br />
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===TCR α+β chains===
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[[1tcr]], [[2z35]] – mTCR α+β chains<br />
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[[1tcr]], [[2q86]] – mTCR α+β chains (mutant)<br />
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[[1bwm]] – mTCR α+β chains variable domains (mutant) - NMR<br />
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[[1kgc]], [[2nw2]], [[2vlm]], [[3dx9]], [[3mff]], [[3qeu]], [[3skn]], [[4dzb]], [[4e42]], [[4jfh]], [[4g8f]], [[4g8e]] – hTCR α+β chains<br />
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[[4ei6]] – h/mTCR α+β chains <br />
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[[2ial]], [[4gg8]] – hTCR α+β chains (mutant)<br />
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[[3of6]] – hTCR pre-α+β (mutant) chains<br />
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===TCR γ+δ chains===
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[[1hxm]], [[3omz]] – hTCR γ+δ chains<br />
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===TCR complex with antigen===
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[[1nfd]], [[1kb5]] – mTCR α+β chains + FAB fragment<br />
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[[2xna]] – hTCR α+β chains + enterotoxin <br />
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===TCR complex with MHC and antigen===
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[[1ao7]], [[1bd2]], [[1qrn]], [[1qse]], [[1qsf]], [[1mi5]], [[1oga]], [[1lp9]], [[2bnq]], [[2bnr]], [[2bnu]], [[2ak4]], [[2esv]], [[2f53]], [[2f54]], [[2gj6]], [[2nx5]], [[2p5e]], [[2p5w]], [[2pye]], [[2pyf]], [[3dxa]], [[3hg1]], [[3gsn]], [[3kpr]], [[3kps]], [[3kxf]], [[3o4l]], [[3qdg]], [[3qdj]], [[3qdm]], [[3qeq]], [[3sjv]], [[2ypl]], [[4jff]], [[4jfe]], [[4jfd]], [[4jry]], [[4jrx]] – hTCR α+β chains + MHC + β-2 microglobulin + polypeptide <br />
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== References ==
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[[1fyt]], [[1ymm]], [[1zgl]], [[4e41]] – hTCR α+β chains + MHC + polypeptide <br />
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<references/>
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[[3o6f]] – hTCR α+β chains + MHC <br />
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[[3pl6]] – hTCR α chain + MHC + polypeptide <br />
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[[2xn9]] – hTCR α+β chains + MHC + polypeptide + enterotoxin<br />
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[[3huj]], [[3vwj]], [[3vwk]] – hTCR α+β chains + β-2 microglobulin + CD1D <br />
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[[3tzv]] – hTCR α+β chains (mutant) + β-2 microglobulin + CD1D <br />
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[[3t0e]] – hTCR α+β chains + MHC + CD4 <br />
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[[3o8x]], [[3o9w]], [[4ei5]] – h/mTCR α+β chains + β-2 microglobulin + CD1D <br />
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[[3scm]], [[3sda]], [[3sdc]], [[3sdd]], [[3sdx]] – h/mTCR α+β chains + β-2 microglobulin + CD1D + ceramide derivative<br />
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[[2iam]], [[2ian]] – hTCR α+β chains (mutant) + MHC + polypeptide <br />
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[[1j8h]], [[4gg6]] – hTCR α+β chains (mutant) + MHC + polypeptide <br />
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[[2ckb]], [[1fo0]], [[1g6r]], [[1kj2]], [[1mwa]], [[1nam]], [[2ol3]], [[2j8u]] – mTCR α+β chains + MHC + β-2 microglobulin + polypeptide <br />
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[[2pxy]] – mTCR α+β chains (mutant) + MHC + β-2 microglobulin + polypeptide <br />
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[[2icw]] – mTCR α+β chains + MHC + mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen + polypeptide <br />
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[[1d9k]], [[2e7l]], [[2oi9]], [[2z31]], [[3e2h]], [[3e3q]], [[3qib]] – mTCR α+β chains + MHC + polypeptide <br />
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[[1u3h]] – mTCR α+β chains (mutant) + MHC + polypeptide <br />
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[[1ypz]] – hTCR γ+δ chains + MHC + β-2 microglobulin <br />
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[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

T-cell receptor α chain (deepskyblue), β chain (green) complex with enterotoxin (pink), glycerol and Na+ ion (purple) 2xna.

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. ↑ Kang L, Sebastian BM, Pritchard MT, Pratt BT, Previs SF, Nagy LE. Chronic ethanol-induced insulin resistance is associated with macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and altered expression of adipocytokines. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007 Sep;31(9):1581-8. Epub 2007 Jul 11. PMID:17624994 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00452.x
  2. ↑ Uttenthal BJ, Chua I, Morris EC, Stauss HJ. Challenges in T cell receptor gene therapy. J Gene Med. 2012 Jun;14(6):386-99. doi: 10.1002/jgm.2637. PMID:22610778 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgm.2637

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman, Jaime Prilusky

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