UDP-galactose 4-epimerase

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<StructureSection load='1nah' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of UDP-galactose 4 epimerase complex with NAD, UDP (stick model), PEG and Na+1 (purple) ions (PDB entry [[1nah]])' scene=''>
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<StructureSection load='2cnb' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of UDP-galactose 4 epimerase complex with NAD and UDP-galactose (PDB entry [[2cnb]])' scene='57/572287/Cv/1' pspeed='8'>
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== Function ==
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'''UDP-galactose 4-epimerase''' (GalE) reversibly converts UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. GalE catalyzes the last step in galactose metabolism<ref>PMID:12534808</ref>. GalE uses NAD+ as a cofactor.
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'''UDP-galactose 4-epimerase''' (GalE) reversibly converts UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. GalE catalyzes the last step in galactose metabolism. GalE uses NAD+ as a cofactor.
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== Disease ==
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Mutations in GalE are the cause of galactosemia which is autosomal recessive disorder<ref>PMID:16301867</ref>.
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== Structural highlights ==
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GalE active site contains the <scene name='57/572287/Cv/9'>substrate UDP-galactose</scene> (UDP-gal) and the <scene name='57/572287/Cv/10'>cofactor NAD</scene>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. <scene name='57/572287/Cv/11'>Tyrosine residue is the catalytic base</scene> which produces the ketose intermediate<ref>PMID:16946458</ref>.
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</StructureSection>
==3D structures of UDP-galactose 4 epimerase==
==3D structures of UDP-galactose 4 epimerase==
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Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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[[UDP-galactose 4-epimerase 3D structures]]
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===GalE with no ligand===
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[[1ek5]] - hGalE + NAD - human<br />
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[[2c20]] - GalE + NAD – ''Bacillus anthracis''<br />
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[[2p5u]], [[2p5y]] - GalE + NAD – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
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[[3enk]] - GalE + NAD – ''Burkholderia pseudo mallei''<br />
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[[3icp]], [[3ko8]] - PcGalE + NAD – ''Pyrobaculum calidifontis''<br />
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===GalE complexes===
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[[1nah]], [[1nai]] – EcGalE + NAD + UDP – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
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[[1gy8]] - EcGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP <br />
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[[1xel]], [[1udb]], [[1a9y]] - EcGalE + NAD + UDP-glucose<br />
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[[1a9z]], [[1lrl]] - EcGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-glucose<br />
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[[1uda]] - EcGalE + NAD + UDP-galactose<br />
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[[1lrj]] - EcGalE + NAD + UDP-acetylglucosamine<br />
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[[1lrj]], [[1lrk]] - EcGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-acetylglucosamine<br />
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[[1udc]] - EcGalE + NAD + UDP-mannose<br />
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[[1kvr]], [[1kvs]], [[1kvt]], [[1kvu]], [[1kvq]] – EcGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-phenol<br />
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[[2udp]] - EcGalE + NAD + UDP-phenol<br />
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[[1ek6]] - hGalE + NAD + UDP-glucose<br />
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[[1hzj]] - hGalE + NAD + UDP-glucosamine<br />
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[[1i3k]] - hGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-glucose<br />
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[[1i3l]], [[2cnb]] - hGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-galactose<br />
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[[1i3m]], [[1i3n]] - hGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-acetylglucosamine<br />
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[[3aw9]] - PcGalE (mutant) + NAD + UDP-galactopyranose <br />
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==References==
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<references />
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</StructureSection>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

Structure of UDP-galactose 4 epimerase complex with NAD and UDP-galactose (PDB entry 2cnb)

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

3D structures of UDP-galactose 4 epimerase

UDP-galactose 4-epimerase 3D structures

References

  1. ↑ Mozzi F, Savoy de Giori G, Font de Valdez G. UDP-galactose 4-epimerase: a key enzyme in exopolysaccharide formation by Lactobacillus casei CRL 87 in controlled pH batch cultures. J Appl Microbiol. 2003;94(2):175-83. PMID:12534808
  2. ↑ Park HD, Park KU, Kim JQ, Shin CH, Yang SW, Lee DH, Song YH, Song J. The molecular basis of UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (GALE) deficiency galactosemia in Korean patients. Genet Med. 2005 Nov-Dec;7(9):646-9. PMID:16301867 doi:10.109701.gim.0000194023.27802.2d
  3. ↑ Alphey MS, Burton A, Urbaniak MD, Boons GJ, Ferguson MA, Hunter WN. Trypanosoma brucei UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase in ternary complex with NAD+ and the substrate analogue UDP-4-deoxy-4-fluoro-alpha-D-galactose. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2006 Sep 1;62(Pt, 9):829-34. Epub 2006 Aug 11. PMID:16946458 doi:10.1107/S1744309106028740

</StructureSection>

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky

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